Evania Fabricius, 1775

Li, Yicheng, He, Yanbiao & Chen, Huayan, 2024, An annotated catalog of Evanioidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) from China, Zootaxa 5468 (1), pp. 75-111 : 88-90

4.3 Genus Evania Fabricius, 1775

Evania : Fabricius, 1775: 345 [descr.]; Fabricius, 1804: 178 [redescr.]; Jurine, 1807: 84 [diag.], plate 2 [bottom/left fore wing]; Blanchard, 1840: 298–299 [diag.], 299 [checklist of spp.]; Westwood, 1841: 536 [includes Brachygaster and Hyptia ]; Westwood, 1843: 239–241 [diag., biology]; Schletterer, 1886: 1–2 [family history], 2–5 [morphology], 5 [hosts=“Blattiden”, adults on “Umbelliferen” plants], 6–8 [spp. key], 39–45 [sp. catalog.], plate I [wings, habitus, mesosoma, antenna]; Cameron, 1887: 425 [note on taxonomy and biology], 425–434 [key to Central America Evania spp. ]; Schletterer, 1889: 118 [taxonomic history for Evania s.l.], 119–123 [morphology], 123–124 [biology], 124–125 [biogeography], 125–136 [spp. key], plate I [figs. 1a-b palps]; Szépligeti, 1903: 375 [in key], 378–379 [spp. key]; Bradley, 1908: 130 [mouthpart morphology], 133 [wing morphology], 137 [in key], 137–138 [diag.], 138 [spp. key], 162 [in key], 164–167 [spp. key], plate XIII [fig. 75 fore wing]; Kieffer, 1911: 151 [in key], 157 [listed], 157–159 [spp. key], 164–167 [spp. key]; Kieffer, 1912: 10 [in key], 65 [redescr.], 65–79 [spp. keys by region]; Perkins, 1913: cviii [ Evania spp. as host for Tetrastichus sp. ]; Kieffer, 1924: 74 [diag.]; De Saeger, 1943: 331 [hosts=“ Periplaneta americana ”, “ Blatta orientalis ”, “ Rhyparobia madeirae {sic}”], 332–333 [spp. key]; Townes, 1949: 526 [in key], 526–527 [note on interpretation and generic limits]; Baltazar, 1966: 156 [in catalog of Philippine spp.]; Pagliano, 1986: 16 [in key], 17 [diag., key to Italian spp.]; Huben, 1995: 195 [occurs in New World], 196 [fig. 8.10 habitus], 197 [table 8.1 hosts for Evania spp. = “ Periplaneta spp. ”, “ Blatta sp. ”, “ Melanozosteria sp. ”, “ Neostylopyga ”, in key], 198 [fig. 8.11 fore wing], 199 [note on distribution and that 5 spp. potentially occur in Central America ]; Deans & Huben, 2003: 860 [note on taxonomic history], 861 [in table 1], 863 [in key, diag.].

Evania subg. Evania : Hedicke 1939: 4 [in catalog]; De Saeger, 1943: 333 [in classification].

Type species: Sphex appendigaster Linnaeus.

Number of valid species from China: 5.

(1) Evania appendigaster ( Linnaeus, 1758)

Ichneumon appendigaster : Linnaeus, 1758: 566 [descr., “habitat in America ”, holotype unknown, LSUK]; Dalla Torre, 1902: 1076 [in catalog].

Sphex appendigaster : Linnaeus, 1767: 930 [in catalog], 943 [redescr.].

Evania appendigaster : De Geer, 1773: 594–596 [redescr., note on range expansion into Jamaica, Suriname, Dominican Republic], plate 30 [fig. 14 lateral habitus, fig. 15 mesosoma + metasoma]; Fabricius, 1775: 345 [redescr.]; Blanchard, 1840: 299 [in checklist, diag.]; Westwood, 1840: 134 [fig. 74.1 lateral habitus, figs. 74.2–3 palps, figs. 74.4–5 mesosoma, fig. 74.6 metasternum]; Westwood, 1843: 241 [in classification, note on type specimen, diag., recorded from “ England, Germany, the Island of Mauritius, Mozambique, and Brazil ”]; Westwood, 1851: 213 [note on characters that separate appendigaster from laevigata , as interpreted by Guérin-Méneville 1843]; Schletterer, 1886: 5 [adults on “ Petroselinum ” and “ Foeniculum ” plants], 6 [in key], 10–12 [descr. ♀ ♂, host = “ Periplaneta orientalis ”], 39–41 [in catalog], plate I [fig. 1 wings, fig. 6 dorsal mesosoma]; Schletterer, 1889: 128 [in key], 136–138 [redescr.], 138 [hosts = “ Periplaneta americana , Periplaneta orientalis , Panchlora Madeira ”], plate I [fig. 4b metasternum, fig. 5a wings, figs. 6a-b antennae, fig. 6c scutellum]; Dalla Torre, 1902: 1076–1078 [in catalog]; Kieffer, 1902: plate [fig. 3 fore wing]; Szépligeti, 1903: 379 [in key], 379 [diag.], 383 [compared to chinensis ], 388 [compared to pulcherrima]; Bradley, 1908: 138–140 [redescr. ♀ ♂], 164 [in key], plate VI [figs. 13,17 head, fig. 18 habitus], plate VIII [figs. 27–29 mouthparts], plate IX [fig. 44 tarsal claw], plate X [fig. 56 ♀ antenna], [fig. 60 hind leg], [fig. 62 metanotum], plate XIII [fig. 76 wings]; Kieffer, 1910: 25 [recorded in central Africa]; Kieffer, 1912: 2 [figs. 2a-b palps], 7 [fig. 9 metasternum, fig. 10 fore and hind wings], 9 [fig. 20 tarsal claw], 65 [fig. 10 fore and hind wings], 66 [in key], 67 [in key], 70 [in key], 71 [in key], 76 [in key], 83–84 [redescr.], 84 [fig. 36 metasternum, fig. 37 tarsal claw]; Strand, 1912: 24 [compared to postfurcalis ], 25 [compared to oculatula]; Enderlein, 1913: 19 [in checklist of Taiwanese spp.]; Kieffer, 1924: 77 [diag., recorded in China]; Swezey, 1929: 282 [potential hosts in Hawaii = “ Periplaneta americana L.”, “ P. australasiae Fabr. ”, “ Neostylopyga rhombifolia Stoll ”, “ Cutilia soror Brunn. ”]; De Saeger, 1943: 333 [in key], 338–339 [hosts = “ Periplaneta americana ”, “ Blatta orientalis ”, “ Rhyparobia madeirae ”, “ Periplaneta australasiae ”, “? Stylopyga orientalis ”]; Townes, 1949: 527– 528 [diag., host = “egg capsules of Blatta orientalis and Periplaneta spp. ”]; Cameron, 1955: 138 [hosts = “ P. americana ”, “ P. australasiae ”, “ B. orientalis ”, “ Bl. germanica ”, “ Cutilia soror Brunn. ”, “ Neostylopyga rhombifolia Stoll ”]; Cameron, 1957: 199–202 [adult biology, oviposition behavior, larval instar information], 200 [fig. 1a egg, fig. 1b first instar mandible], 201 [figs, 2a-e larval mandibles], 202–205 [development from egg to adult], 203 [fig. 3a larva, fig. 3b larval tracheal system, fig. 3c prepupa, fig. 3d spiracle], 204 [fig. 4 larval head, fig. 5 larval cephalic skeleton], 205 [fig. 6 adult metasoma], 205–206 [use in biocontrol], 207 [hosts = “ Periplaneta sp. ”, “ P. americana ”, “ P. australasiae ”, “ B. orientalis ”, “ Cutilia soror ”, “ N. rhombifolia ”]; Lit, 1988: 365–370 [potential for biocontrol of cockroaches, hosts = “ Periplaneta americana ”, “ Periplaneta australasiae ”], 368–369 [egg number in ♀, oviposition behavior, larval development]; Madl, 1989a: 248 [in key to Austrian spp.], 248–249 [diag.], 251 [biology, host = “ Periplaneta americana ”]; Yeh et al., 2000: 13–21 [sequence of oviposition behaviors]; He et al., 2004: 78 [figs. 102-103], 78–79 [descr.], plate I-1; Dean, 2005: 27–33 [in catalog].

Ichneumon niger : De Geer, 1773: 594 [listed as syn.of appendigaster ]; Olivier, 1792:453 [syn. E. appendigaster ]; Dalla Torre, 1902: 1077 [in catalog as syn. of E. appendigaster ].

Evania laevigata : Olivier, 1792: 452 [diag., common name = “ Evanie lisse ”], 453 [descr., “l’Amérique méridionale”]; Leach, 1815: 142 [diag.]; Westwood, 1843: 241 [note on taxonomy, recorded from “ Mexico, New Orleans, Brazil, the Cape of Good Hope, Egypt, Greece, Sardinia, Coromandel and New Holland ”]; Dalla Torre, 1902: 1077 [in catalog as syn. of appendigaster ]; Hedicke, 1939: 6–7 [in catalog as syn. of appendigaster ].

Evania desjardinsi : Blanchard, 1840: 299 [descr. ♂, Mauritiu, MNHN]; Westwood, 1851: 214 [note that desjardinsi might be the male for laevigata ]; Schletterer, 1886: 12 [syn. of appendigaster ]; Hedicke, 1939: 7 [in catalog as syn. of appendigaster ]

Evania desjardinsii {sic}: Westwood, 1843: 242 [diag., recorded from France]; Dalla Torre, 1902: 1077–1078 [in catalog as syn. of appendigaster ]; Wall, 1994: 142 [in catalog of European spp. as syn. of appendigaster ].

Evania cubae : Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 405 [descr., Cuba], [types lost?]; Westwood, 1843: 242 [diag.]; Westwood, 1851: 214 [quote from Guérin-Méneville 1844 regarding distinction from laevigata]; Dalla Torre, 1902: 1077 [in catalog as syn. of appendigaster ]; Hedicke, 1939: 6 [in catalog as syn. of appendigaster ]; Wall, 1994: 142 [in catalog of European spp. as syn. of E. appendigaster ].

Evania desjardini {sic}: Dalla Torre, 1902: 1078 [in catalog as syn. of E. appendigaster ].

Evania peringueyi : Cameron, 1906: 19 [in key], 19–20 [descr. ♀ ♂, “Cape Colony, Cape Town”], [NHMUK, ♀, type # 3.a.291]; Bradley, 1908: 190 [note that this sp. is from Ethiopean region]; Kieffer, 1912: 67 [in key], 93 [redescr.]; Hedicke, 1939: 6 [in catalog as syn. of E. appendigaster ]; Wall, 1994: 142 [in catalog of European spp. as syn. of E. appendigaster ].

Evania subg. Evania appendigaster : Hedicke, 1939: 23 [in catalog].

Evania niger : Hedicke, 1939: 6 [in catalog, syn. appendigaster ]; Wall, 1994: 142 [in catalog of European spp. as syn. of E. appendigaster ].

Distribution: China (Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Taiwan), worldwide distribution except polar regions ( Linnaeus 1758; He et al. 2004; Deans 2005).

Biology. E. appendigaster parasite Periplaneta americana , P. australasiae , Blatta orientalis , Cutilia soror , Neostylopyga rhombifolia ( Linnaeus 1758; He et al. 2004; Deans 2005).

(2) Evania chinensis Szépligeti, 1903

Evania chinensis : Szépligeti, 1903: 379 [in key], 383 [descr. ♂, HNHM, “ China ”]; Bradley, 1908: 164 [in key]; Kieffer, 1912: 65 [in key], 70 [in key], 83 [diag.]; Kieffer, 1924: 76 [diag.]; Deans, 2005: 34 [in catalog].

Evania subg. Evania chinensis : Hedicke 1939: 8 [in catalog].

Distribution: China (unknown detail location) ( Szépligeti 1903; Deans 2005).

Biology. Host unknown.

(3) Evania giganteipes Kieffer, 1911

Evania giganteipes Kieffer, 1911: 158 [in key], 161–162 [descr. ♂, “Asie: Hongkong ”, [NHMUK, type # 3.a.274]; Kieffer, 1912: 69 [in key], 111–112 [redescr.]; Deans, 2005: 38 [in catalog].

Evania subg. Evania giganteipes : Hedicke 1939: 13 [in catalog].

Distribution: China ( Hongkong) ( Kieffer 1911; Deans 2005).

Biology. Host unknown.

(4) Evania oblonga Enderlein, 1909

Evania oblonga : Enderlein, 1909: 246–248 [descr. ZMIZ, ♂, “Süd-Formosa.Takao. 8.August 1907. Gesammelt von H. Sauter”]; Kieffer, 1912: 68 [in key], 105–106 [redescr.]; Enderlein, 1913: 319 [in checklist of Taiwanese spp.]; Deans, 2005: 39–40 [in catalog].

Evania subg. Evania oblonga : Hedicke 1939: 15 [in catalog].

Distribution: China (Taiwan) ( Enderlein 1909; Deans 2005).

Biology. Host unknown.

(5) Evania postfurcalis Strand, 1912

Evania postfurcalis : Strand, 1912: 24–25 [descr. ZMHU, ♂, “Formosa Sauter”]; Enderlein, 1913: 318 [recorded in Taiwan]; Deans, 2005: 41 [in catalog].

Evania subg. Evania postfurcalis : Hedicke, 1939: 15 [in catalog].

Distribution: China (Taiwan) ( Strand 1912; Deans 2005).

Biology. Host unknown.