Anachrysa Hölzel, 1973

Ma, Yunlong & Liu, Xingyue, 2021, The green lacewing genus Anachrysa Hölzel, 1973 stat. nov. (Neuroptera Chrysopidae) from China, with description of two new species, Zootaxa 4941 (2), pp. 281-290 : 282

Genus Anachrysa Hölzel, 1973 , stat. nov.

Hölzel 1973: 356 (as a subgenus of Chrysopidia Navás ); Brooks and Barnard 1990: 206 (followed).

Type species: Chrysopidia (Anachrysa) elegans Hölzel, 1973 , by original designation.

Diagnosis. (Adapted from Brooks and Barnard 1990). Forewing length 15.00–18.00 mm. Head with brownish stripe on gena; head width/eye width = 1.80–2.00; left mandibles with small tooth; antenna shorter than forewing. Pronotum with reddish medio-lateral spots; legs unmarked. Forewing rounded apically, often with reddish brown spot on distal cubital cell (dcc), three series of gradate crossveins; costal setae long and inclined apically; pterostigma with small reddish brown spots; radial crossveins straight; distal cubital cell (dcc) open at margin. Hind wing with three series of gradate crossveins. Male genitalia: callus cerci rounded; tergum 9+ectoprocts deeply invaginated; tignum narrowly elongate; gonapsis with lateral wings weakly sclerotized; entoprocessus long, often with subapical unarticulated process; mediuncus, narrow, elongate. Female genitalia: sternum 7 pointed apically; subgenitale bilobed; spermatheca narrow, with deep ventral impression; vela large; spermathecal duct long and sinuous.

Distribution. China, India, Nepal.

Remarks. This genus was once treated as a subgenus of Chrysopidia by Hölzel (1973) on account of the combination of external characters: the presence of three gradate series of crossveins on both fore- and hind wings, the long costal setae, the elongate scape, and the elongate male sternum 8+9, which exceeds the apex of tergum 9+ectoprocts. However, the three series of gradate crossveins and elongate male sternum 8+9 can be also found in Mallada Navás, 1925 and Anomalochrysa McLachlan, 1883 , which are not closely related to Chrysopidia ( Brooks and Barnard, 1990; Garzón-Orduña et al. 2019; Winterton et al. 2019). Moreover, the long costal setae are actually present in many heterogeneous green lacewing genera (see those listed in Brooks and Barnard 1990). Remarkably, the male tignum and gonapsis are not present in Chrysopidia and the other genera in the tribe Ankylopterygini , while these genital sclerites are well developed in Anachrysa . Therefore, there is no convincing argument to retain Anachrysa as a subgenus of Chrysopidia . Herein, we treat Anachrysa as an independent genus, which possibly has to be removed from Ankylopterygini .