Eutichurus, Simon, 1897

Bonaldo, Alexandre B., Lise, Arno A., Ramírez, Martín J. & Saturnino, Regiane, 2018, Revisiting the spider genus Eutichurus Simon, 1897 (Araneae, Eutichuridae): new species and complementary descriptions, Zootaxa 4382 (2), pp. 321-346 : 323-325

Key to species of Eutichurus (updated from Bonaldo 1994)

1 Males (those of E. arnoi , E. manu and E. saylapampa , unknown)................................................ 2

- Females (those of E. abiseo , E. cuzco , E. pallatanga and E. yalen , unknown)..................................... 26

2(1) Retrolateral tibial apophysis represented by a single branch ( Figs 1 , 6, 25; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 29, 38, 48, 56, 64)....... 3

- Retrolateral tibial apophysis bifid or trifid (Figs 14, 17; Bonaldo 1994: figs 34, 66, 76, 86, 91)........................ 19

3(2) Retrolateral tibial apophysis tuberculate, with a small apical projection ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 56, 57)....... E. furcifer Kraus

- Retrolateral tibial apophysis otherwise ( Figs 1 , 25; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 29, 38, 48, 64)............................ 4

4(3) Retrolateral tibial apophysis short, excavated; median apophysis with a longitudinal median keel ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 43, 45, 48, 49).............................................................................................. 5

- Retrolateral tibial apophysis long, not excavated; median apophysis without such keel (Figs 6, 9; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22, 26, 29, 35, 38, 62)..................................................................................... 6

5(4) Embolus with a prolateral median process ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 43, 44)........................... E. tropicus (L. Koch)

- Embolus without process ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 48, 49)...................................... E. valderramai Bonaldo

6(4) Embolar base fused to the tegulum ( Fig. 1 ; Bonaldo 1994: Fig. 35).............................................. 7

- Embolus articulated, connected to the tegulum by a membrane ( Figs 4 , 9 , 12 ; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22, 30, 26, 38, 62)... 8

7(6) Embolus with lamellar tip ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 35, 36).......................................... E. abiseo Bonaldo

- Embolus filiform ( Figs 1 , 2)................................................................ E. paredesi n. sp.

8(6) Embolus with a small retrolateral sub-apical process ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 62, 63; Laborda & Simó 2015: fig. 1A)................................................................................................ E. ibiuna Bonaldo

- Embolus without processes (Figs 5, 10; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22, 26) or with a prolateral process (Figs 16, 20, 28; Bonaldo 1994: figs 30, 39)..................................................................................... 9

9(8) Embolus with a prolateral process (Figs 16, 21, 28; Bonaldo 1994: figs 30, 39).................................... 10

- Embolus without process (Figs 5, 10; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22, 26)........................................... 15

10(9) Median apophysis strongly sculptured, with several conspicuous sulci ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 29, 31)........ E. cuzco Bonaldo

- Median apophysis not strongly sculptured ( Figs 15 , 20 , 27 , 58 ; Bonaldo 1994: figs 38, 40).......................... 11

11(10) Embolar prolateral process inserted medially, pars pendula absent (Fig. 28; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 39).................... 12

- Embolar prolateral process inserted sub-apically, pars pendula present (Figs 21, 59)................................ 13

12(11) Median prong of median apophysis short ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 38, 40; Ramírez 2014, figs 147A, C).... E. lizeri Mello-Leitão

- Median prong of median apophysis long ( Figs 27 , 29)........................................ E. marquesae Bonaldo

13(11) Embolus wide and short relative to tegulum ( Figs 58 , 59)......................................... E. nancyae n. sp.

- Embolus narrow and long relative to tegulum ( Figs 20 , 21, 23, 24)............................................. 14

14(13) Median prong of median apophysis with a pair of apical projections ( Figs 20 , 22)................... E. tequendama n. sp.

- Median prong of median apophysis without apical projections ( Figs 23 , 25)......................... E. madre Bonaldo

15(9) Embolus flattened; prolateral margin of median apophysis with transversal ridges ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 26, 28).................................................................................................... E. yalen Bonaldo

- Embolus conic, median apophysis without transversal ridges (Figs 5, 10; Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 22)................... 16

16(15) Retrolateral tibial apophysis expanded distally (Figs 6, 11)................................................... 17

- Retrolateral tibial apophysis tapering toward the apex ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 20, 23)................................. 18

17(16) Conductor hyaline ( Fig. 4 ).................................................................. E. murgai n. sp.

- Conductor partially sclerotized ( Fig. 9 )...................................................... E. zarate Bonaldo

18(16) Retrolateral tibial apophysis gradually tapering from base; embolus inserted basally ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 19, 20).................................................................................................... E. ferox Simon

- Retrolateral tibial apophysis abruptly tapering from distal third; embolus inserted medially ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 22, 23)............................................................................................. E. silvae Bonaldo

19(2) Retrolateral tibial apophysis bifid (Figs 14, 17; Bonaldo 1994: figs 34, 67, 76).................................... 20

- Retrolateral tibial apophysis trifid ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 86, 91)................................................. 25

20(19) Retrolateral tibial apophysis split medially; median prong of median apophysis present (Fig. 17; Bonaldo 1994: figs 32, 3 4).................................................................................................... 21

- Retrolateral tibial apophysis split basally; median prong of median apophysis absent (Fig. 14; Bonaldo 1994: figs 67, 72, 76).................................................................................................... 22

21(20) Embolus without prolateral process, tapering distally ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 32, 33).................. E. pallatanga Bonaldo

- Embolus with prolateral process, distally wide ( Figs 15 , 16)........................................ E. yungas n. sp.

22(20) Embolus conic, without processes ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 75, 76)..................................... E. luridus Simon

- Embolus flattened, with prolateral process (Fig. 13; Bonaldo 1994: figs 65, 70)................................... 23

23(22) Median apophysis long, with the apex prolaterally oriented; dorsal prong of retrolateral tibial apophysis shorter than the ventral prong ( Figs 12 , 14)....................................................................... E. cumbia n. sp.

- Median apophysis short, with the apex oriented proximally; ventral and dorsal prongs of retrolateral tibial apophysis similarly sized ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 67, 72)........................................................................ 24

24(23) Apex of embolar process acute; apex of embolus apically oriented ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 65–67)........... E. ravidus Simon

- Apex of embolar process rounded; apex of embolus prolaterally oriented ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 70–72).. E. itamaraju Bonaldo

25(19) Apex of median apophysis wide; embolar apex bifid ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 89, 91)........... E. putus O. Pickard-Cambridge

- Apex of median apophysis narrow; embolar apex trifid ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 84, 86)............... E. sigillatus Chickering

26(1) Epigynal posterior plates fused, with a longitudinal median suture (Fig. 18; Bonaldo 1994: figs 41, 82, 87, 92)........... 27

- Epigynal posterior plates not fused medially (Figs 7, 52; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 46, 59, 68).......................... 31

27(26) Epigynal anterior projections relatively large; median field longer than wide (Fig. 18; Bonaldo 1994: figs 41, 42)....... 28

- Epigynal anterior projections relatively small; median field wider than long ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 82, 87, 92)............. 29

28(27) anterior projections covering the anterior half of the posterior plates in ventral view; anterior margin of posterior plates con- verging medially in angle ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 41; Ramírez 2014: fig. 175G)...................... E. lizeri Mello-Leitão

- Anterior projections covering less than the anterior half of the posterior plates in ventral view; anterior margin of posterior plates converging medially in a straight line (Fig. 18)............................................. E. yungas n. sp.

29(27) Median field longer than wide, with a posterior median projection; anterior margins of posterior plates W-shaped ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 87, 88)................................................................... E. sigillatus Chickering

- Median field as long as wide, without projection; anterior margins of posterior plates otherwise ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 82, 92)..................................................................................................... 30

30(29) Anterior projections projected over the median field; anterior margins of posterior plates slightly oblique ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 82, 83)................................................................................. E. manu Bonaldo

- Anterior projections not projected over the median field; anterior margins of posterior plates straight ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 9 2, 93)......................................................................... E. putus O. Pickard-Cambridge

31(26) Epigynal anterior projections reduced, inconspicuous (Fig. 61)..................................... E. nancyae n. sp.

- Epigynal anterior projections conspicuous (Figs 7, 52, 63; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 46, 54).......................... 32

32(31) Anterior projections fused to posterior plates (Figs 63, 65; Laborda & Simó 2015: fig. 1D)............. E. ibiuna Bonaldo

- Anterior projections not fused to posterior plates (Figs 7, 52; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 46, 50)........................ 33

33(32) Each inner margin of anterior projections excavated; posterior plates laterally constricted ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 54, 55)............................................................................................. E. zarate Bonaldo

- Anterior projections and posterior plates otherwise (Figs 7, 52; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 46, 68, 79).................... 34

34(33) Anterior projections larger or slightly smaller than posterior plates (Fig. 7; Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24, 46, 50, 52, 53).... 35

- Anterior projections distinctly smaller than posterior plates ( Fig. 52 ; Bonaldo 1994: figs 59, 68, 73, 77, 79, 80).......... 41

35(34) Anterior projections triangular, with acute apices (Fig. 7; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 52).................................. 36

- Anterior projections otherwise ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24, 46, 50, 53)........................................... 37

36(35) Posterior margin of anterior projections strongly procurve ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 52)................ E. saylapampa Bonaldo

- Posterior margin of anterior projections nearly straight (Fig. 7)...................................... E. murgai n. sp.

37(35) Median field subtriangular, bulging between anterior projections ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 53)................ E. arnoi Bonaldo

- Median field otherwise ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24, 46, 50)................................................... 38

38(37) Median field squared, as long as wide; anterior projections truncated ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 46)......... E. tropicus (L. Koch)

- Median field longer than wide; anterior projections rounded ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24, 50)......................... 39

39(38) Apices of anterior projections rugose, strongly sclerotized ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 50)............... E. valderramai Bonaldo

- Apices of anterior projections smooth ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 21, 24).............................................. 40

40(39) Median field surface plain anteriorly, with a longitudinal posterior groove ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 24)........ E. silvae Bonaldo

- Median field surface concave anteriorly, without groove ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 21)........................ E. ferox Simon

41(34) Each posterior plate with a posterior lateral excavation ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 60)........................ E. furcifer Kraus

- posterior plates without excavations ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 68, 77, 79, 80)......................................... 42

42(41) Anterior projections projected over the median field ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 68, 73).................................. 43

- Anterior projections not projected over the median field ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 77, 79, 80)............................ 44

43(42) Median field as long as wide ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 68)............................................ E. ravidus Simon

- Median field longer than wide ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 73)....................................... E. itamaraju Bonaldo

44(42) Anterior projections not projected over posterior plates ( Fig. 52 ; Bonaldo 1994: fig. 80)............. E. marquesae Bonaldo

- Anterior projections projected over posterior plates ( Bonaldo 1994: figs 77, 79)................................... 45

45(44) Anterior projections gently tapering ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 77)....................................... E. luridus Simon

- Anterior projections truncated ( Bonaldo 1994: fig. 79).......................................... E. madre Bonaldo

Figures

FIGURES 1¯3. Eutichurus paredesi new species. Male: 1 palp, ventral view; 2 embolus, prolateral view; 3 palp, retrolateral view.Abbreviations: aMA—apices of MA; apMA—apices of median prong of MA; MA—median apophysis.Scale bar = 0,25 mm.

FIGURES 4¯8. Eutichurus murgai new species. Male: 4 palp, ventral view; 5 embolus, prolateral view; 6 palp, retrolateral view. Female: 7 epigynum, ventral view; 8 epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: aMA—apices of MA; AP—anterior projection of lateral lobe; apMA—apices of median prong of MA; CD—copulatory duct; MF—median field; PP—posterior plate of lateral lobe; S1—primary spermathecae; S2—secondary spermathecae; SS2—stalk of S2.Scale bar = 0,25 mm.

FIGURES 9¯11. Eutichurus zarate Bonaldo, 1994. Male: 9 palp, ventral view; 10 embolus, prolateral view; 11 palp, retrolateral view.Abbreviations:C—conductor; MA—median apophysis. Scale bar = 0,25 mm.

FIGURES 12¯14. Eutichurus cumbia new species. Male: 12 palp, ventral view; 13 embolus, prolateral view; 14 palp, retrolateral view Abbreviations:aMA—apices of MA; C—conductor; MA—median apophysis.Scale bar = 0,25 mm.

FIGURES 15¯19. Eutichurus yungas new species. Male. 15 palp, ventral view; 16 embolus, prolateral view; 17 palp, retrolateral view.Female. 18 epigynum, ventral view; 19 epigynum, dorsal view.Scale bar = 0,25 mm.

FIGURES 20¯22. Eutichurus tequendama new species. Male: 20 palp, ventral view; 21 embolus, prolateral view; 22 palp, retrolateral view.Scale bar = 0,25 mm.

FIGURES 23¯26. Eutichurus madre Bonaldo, 1994. Male: 23 palp, ventral view; 24 embolus, prolateral view; 25 palp, retrolateral view.Female:26 epigynum, dorsal view.Scale bar = 0,25 mm.

FIGURES 27¯29. Eutichurus marquesae Bonaldo, 1994. Male: 27 palp, ventral view; 28 embolus, prolateral view; 29 palp, retrolateral view.Scale bar = 0,25 mm.

FIGURES 52¯57. Eutichurus marquesae Bonaldo, 1994. Female: epigynum, 52 ventral view; 53 posterior view; 54 dorsal view; 55 dorso-lateral view; 56 dorso-anterior view; 57 cuticular glands. Abbreviatures: AP—anterior projection of lateral lobe; CD—copulatory duct; CG—cuticular gland; FD—fertilization duct; MF—median field; PP—posterior plate of lateral lobe; S1—primary spermathecae; S2—secondary spermathecae; SS2—stalk of S2.

FIGURES 58¯65. Eutichurus nancyae new species. Male: 58 palp, ventral view (arrow: ventral lamellae); 59 embolus, prolateral view; 60 palp, retrolateral view. Female: 61 epigynum, ventral view; 62 epigynum, dorsal view. Eutichurus ibiuna Bonaldo, 1994. Female: 63 epigynum, ventral view; 64 epigynum, dorsal view; 65 epigynum, posterior view. Abbreviations: AP—anterior projection of lateral lobe; MF—median field; PP—posteriorplate of lateral lobe.Scale bar = 0,25 mm.