Altadema kokeni ( Wittenburg, 1908a ) Nützel & Karapunar, 2023

Nützel, Alexander & Karapunar, Baran, 2023, On Triassic Murchisonia-like gastropods-surviving the end-Permian extinction to become extinct in the Late Triassic, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 68 (3), pp. 539-559 : 550-553

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.4202/app.01087.2023
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D34B41-913C-F138-232F-FF0FE74FF954
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Altadema kokeni ( Wittenburg, 1908a )
status	comb. nov.

Treatment

Altadema kokeni ( Wittenburg, 1908a) comb. nov.

Fig. 8 View Fig .

1908a Pseudomurchisonia kokeni n. sp.; Wittenburg 1908a: 16, text-fig. 1; pl. 2: 1.

non 2005 Pseudomurchisonia kokeni Wittenburg, 1908 ; Nützel and Schulbert 2005: 497, fig. 16.

Material.—The holotype, GPIT-PV-108710 (original of Wittenburg 1908a: pl. 5: 9, 10). Wittenburg (1908a) reported it from the Campiler Schichten (upper Werfen Formation, Lower Triassic) at the Col di Rodella, near the Sella Pass in the Dolomites, North Italy.

Description.—The holotype comprises about four whorls, is 4.8 mm high and 3.5 mm wide. It is turbiniform with an apical angle of ca. 65°. The whorls are markedly convex and separated by deep sutures. The shell is smooth and shiny except for fine growth lines. The growth lines are oblique prosocline below the adapical suture, form a shallow sinus above the periphery and almost orthocline prosocyrt between periphery and abapical suture.

Remarks.—The preservation is good when compared with the otherwise mostly poor preservation of the Werfen gastropods. The shell is replaced by a sparitic, slightly reddish calcite. The specimen is embedded in a hard calcareous rock. It is therefore likely that it comes from the gastropod oolite because other fossiliferous rocks of the Werfen Formation are usually more marly. It resembles Altadema hausmannae sp. nov. in general shape and by having a smooth shell, but it lacks a true selenizone; instead it has a sinus high on the whorls. It is possible that this specimen represents a juvenile shell and that a selenizone would develop later during ontogeny.

Stratigraphic and geographic range.—Known from the type locality only, see above.

?Family Goniasmatidae Nützel and Bandel, 2000

Genus Wortheniopsis Böhm, 1895 View in CoL

[= Murchisonietta Nützel, Kaim, and Grădinaru, 2018 ]

Type species: Pleurotomaria margarethae Kittl, 1894 , Anisian (Middle Triassic), Marmolada Limestone, Italy; type by monotypy .

Emended diagnosis.—Shell moderately high-spired to fusiform; whorls evenly rounded or weakly angulated; whorls embracing somewhat below periphery; surface smooth or with spiral ornament; sinus or shallow slit high on whorl face, which may form a weak angulation; sinus/slit appears very late in ontogeny.

Remarks.— Wortheniopsis was erected by Böhm, 1895, for Worthenia -like shells (placed in Pleurotomariidae ) lacking prominent shell angulations. The growth lines are not well-preserved or documented for the type species W. margarethae and hence the presence of a slit-band (selenizone) was only assumed by Kittl (1894) and Böhm (1895). We studied material from the Marmolada Limestone ( Figs. 9 View Fig , 10 View Fig ) and found that Wortheniopsis margarethae ( Fig. 9 View Fig ) lacks a true selenizone (slit-band). Instead, growth lines have a backwards projection above mid-whorl of mature whorls forming a shallow sinus. The same pseudo-selenizone has been reported for the Anisian genus Murchisonietta Nützel, Kaim, and Grădinaru, 2018 ( Fig. 11 View Fig ) and therefore we consider Wortheniopsis and Murchisonietta to represent synonyms. Similar to Altadema kokeni , Wortheniopsis also develops a sinus high on the whorls in late ontogeny. At this point, the higher classification of Wortheniopsis is unclear because it lacks a true selenizone, its shell microstructure and early whorls including protoconch are unknown.

Wenz (1938: 128) included Wortheniopsis in Pleurotomariidae and Lophospirinae. Knight et al. (1960) placed relatively high-spired taxa (but not as high as murchisoniids) including Wortheniopsis in the murchisonioid family Plethospiridae , which composes taxa ranging from the Ordovician to lower Carboniferous (for instance Platyzona , formerly included in Plethospiridae is regarded as Goniasmatidae , see Karapunar et al. 2022) and is likely a not monophyletic group in its current composition. Nützel et al. (2018) placed the Middle Triassic Murchisonietta (which is considered a junior synonym of Wortheniopsis herein) tentatively in Goniasmatidae and at present, we maintain this arrangement. We consider Wortheniopsis to represent Caenogastropoda, close to Goniasmatidae , but more evidence for that placement is needed, especially from early ontogenetic shell morphology.

There are many erroneous attributions of Permian and Jurassic species to Wortheniopsis .

The species attributed to Wortheniopsis by Szabó (2008) were later correctly removed from that genus and placed in Kericserispira Szabó, 2018 [replacement name for the pre-occupied Faveolaria Szabó, 2016]. Unlike Wortheniopsis , the following two Jurassic species have a clearly developed selenizone and therefore they are removed from Wortheniopsis and placed in Kericserispira Szabó, 2018 : Wortheniopsis bakonyensis Szabó, 2016 [ Kericserispira bakonyensis ( Szabó, 2016) comb. nov.]; Wortheniopsis rakusi Szabó, 2016 [ Kericserispira rakusi ( Szabó, 2016) comb. nov.]

Branson (1948) listed many Permian species that were assigned to Wortheniopsis and some have been assigned to other genera since then. Wortheniopsis netschajewi Jakowlew, 1899 and Wortheniopsis burtasorum ( Golowkinsky, 1868) were placed in Biarmeaspira by Mazaev (2015). Specimens previously identified by Licharew (1967) as Pleurotomaria (Wortheniopsis) sequens Waagen, 1880 , were placed in Baylea by Mazaev (2016, 2018). Pleurotomaria ( Wortheniopsis ?) eulkaiensis Reed, 1927, was placed into Platyzona by Nützel and Nakazawa (2012). Worthenopsis ? [sic!] depressa Beede, 1907, is a lenticular shell and was later placed in Cyclites by Knight (1940). Worthenopsis [sic!] sp. by Beede (1907) is a doubtful record and probably does not represent Wortheniopsis .

The Permian Worthenopsis [sic!] bicarinata Branson, 1930 , is herein placed tentatively in Glabrocingulum (Ananias) .

The following Permian species have a strongly angulated whorls face and a smooth selenizone. Hence, they are tentatively placed in Baylea Koninck, 1883 , herein: Worthenopsis dejactinensis Jakowlew, 1899 , Worthenopsis kyschertianae formis Jakowlew, 1899, Worthenopsis grandicarinata Jakowlew, 1899 , Worthenopsis denjatinensis Jakowlew, 1899 . The placement of the following species in Wortheniopsis are doubtful; they probably represent Ananias Knight, 1945, or Baylea Koninck, 1883 :

Wortheniopsis sequens ( Waagen, 1880)

Wortheniopsis orientalis ( Krotow, 1885)

Wortheniopsis kyschertiana ( Stuckenberg, 1898) Wortheniopsis permiana ( Stuckenberg, 1898) Wortheniopsis jakovlewi Stuckenberg, 1905

Wortheniopsis pachti Stuckenberg, 1905

Wortheniopsis volgensis Stuckenberg, 1905

Wortheniopsis sysranicus Stuckenberg, 1905

The Triassic Wortheniopsis sp. reported by Sha (1995) and Wortheniopsis budensis Kutassy, 1927 , are doubtful records. At present, there are only three accepted species of Wortheniopsis View in CoL (from the Anisian and Ladinian): Wortheniopsis margarethae ( Kittl, 1894) , Wortheniopsis quirini (Stoppani, 1860) , and Wortheniopsis acuta ( Nützel, Kaim, and Grădinaru, 2018) ( Fig. 11 View Fig ).

Stratigraphic and geographic range.—Anisian (Middle Triassic)–Norian (Upper Triassic), Italy, Romania, Hungary.