Scatophila disjuncta Cresson

Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz & Mathis, Wayne N., 2024, Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae), Zootaxa 5487 (1), pp. 1-100 : 80-83

21. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson

Figs. 184–192 , 194

Scatophila disjuncta Cresson 1935: 371 .— Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 191 [review].— Wirth 1965: 758 [ Nearctic catalog].— Zatwarnicki 1987: 292 [checklist].— Zatwarnicki and Mathis 1994: 365 [phylogeny, quadriguttata group].— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 283 [world catalog].

Diagnosis.—This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Body generally gray with come brown areas on thorax medially; small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.50–2.70 mm.

Head ( Figs. 184–187 ): Mesofrons and fronto-orbits tan to brown; parafrons charcoal to grayish charcoal. Face of ♂ with medial area shallowly concave, depressed, ventral margin very slightly projected, bearing several setulae; shallow facial depression faintly tan to mostly gray, becoming gray to whitish gray laterally; face of female microtomentose, dull, mostly gray with only bases of some setulae brownish; gena moderately high, subequal to height of basal flagellomere; gena-to-eye ratio 0.35–0.55.

Thorax ( Figs. 191–192 ): Mesonotum ( Fig. 191 ) mostly gray to gray with brown medially with brown pattern becoming wider posteriorly, extent of brown coloration quite variable, extensively gray laterad of acrostichal track and generally laterally; a medial, brown stripe; scutellar disc extensively gray, lateral margins darkened; presutural dorsocentral setae lacking; pleural area extensively gray. Wing ( Fig. 192 ); cell r 1 lacking spots, or with a single, weak, basal white area, or wings very pale, not conspicuously appearing spotted; costal vein ratio 0.23–0.30; M 1 vein ratio 0.54–0.64. Knob of halter yellow. Legs, including tarsi, mostly black, femora and tibiae with grayish microtomentum; male midfemur lacking row of spine-like setulae along posteroventral margin.

Abdomen ( Figs. 188–190 ): Tergites dark anteriorly but with extensive, wide, gray fascia posteriorly; tergite 5 of male gray. Male terminalia ( Figs. 188–190 ): Epandrium in posterior view ( Fig. 188 ) generally oval except for truncate dorsal and ventral margins, width about 2/3 height, lateral margins shallowly curved, width of truncate dorsal margin slightly less than width of cercal opening, width ventral margin about equal to width of cercal opening, with a medial triangular point; epandrial setae about equal in length, sparser medially and laterally, more abundant along ventral margin; height of cercal opening about 1/3 epandrial height; cerci in posterior view ( Fig. 188 ) hemispherical; aedeagus in lateral view ( Fig. 190 ) moderately rounded basally, height at base twice that of apical margin, posterior margin mostly truncate but with a short pointed, digitiform process at posterodorsal angle, dorsal margin moderately excavated, cavity slight longer than width of opening, in ventral view ( Fig. 189 ) ovate, lateral margins shallowly curved; ventral aedeagal process shallowly C-shaped; phallapodeme in lateral view ( Fig. 190 ) elongate, narrow, parallel sided, distinctly elbowed, dorsal process shorter than ventral process, in ventral view ( Fig. 189 ) with T-shaped crossbar, lateral processes of crossbar tapered to rounded point, medial process nearly parallel sided; postgonite in lateral view ( Fig. 190 ) generally V-shaped, dorsal extension irregularly rectangular with posterodorsal corner slightly produced, posteriorly narrowed, forming a thumb-like process that bears a nipple-like point, apical process bearing setulae, ventral arm narrow, elongate, almost parallel sided, in ventral view ( Fig. 189 ) with posterior processes generally narrow, apices widened; neohypandrium in lateral view ( Fig. 190 ) elongated, narrow, base twice width of rest of structure, doubly angulate, 2nd angulate structure uniformly narrow, apical extension nearly twice base.

Type Material.— The holotype male of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson is labeled “ YosemiteValley [,] V , 22,08, [22 May 1908] Cal [ifornia]./ ♂ / TYPE No. 6523[,] Scatophila DISJUNCTA ♂ E. T . Cresson,Jr. [dark pink; species name, number, and gender handwritten]. The holotype is double mounted (minute nadel in rectangular card block), is in good condition, and is deposited in the ANSP (6523).

Other Specimens Examined.— UNITED STATES. ALASKA. Fairbanks North Star: Fairbanks, Lake Ballaine (64°52.2'N, 147°49.5'W; 160 m), 2 Aug 2011 , D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Chena Lake Recreation Area (64°47.6'N, 147°11.4'W), 10 Aug 2003 , D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Kenai Peninsula: Kenai (60°33.8'N, 151°07.4'W), 2 Aug 2003 , D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 2♀; USNM). Matanuska-Susitna: Willow Creek (61°46.1'N, 150°04.2'W; 50 m), 10 Jul 2006 , D. and W. N. Mathis (4♂, 4♀; USNM). Valdez-Cordova (Census Area): Gulkana River (19.3 km N Glennallen; 62°16.1'N, 145°23.1'W), 27 Jul–7Aug 2011 , D. and W. N. Mathis (14♂, 4♀; USNM); Klutina River (mile 101; 61°57.2'N, 145°19.3'W; 315 m), 7 Aug 2012 , D. and W. N. Mathis (5♂, 2♀; USNM) .

ARIZONA. Gila : Clover Springs (34°27'N, 111°22'W), 22 Jun 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (1♂; USNM) .

CALIFORNIA. Humbolt: Trinidad (41°03.5′N, 124°08.6′W) , 18 Sep 1924, A. L. Melander (2♂, 2♀; USNM). Los Angeles : Los Angeles (34°03.1′N, 118°14.6′W) , 29 Apr 1915, M. C. VanDuzee (1♂; USNM). Madera : San Joaquin Experiment Station (37°06.2′N, 119°44.3′W) , 1953, P. D. Hurd (1♀; USNM) .

NEW MEXICO. Catron: Glenwood (33°18.8'N, 108°53.1'W), 8 Jun 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (1♀; USNM) ; Silver City (32°46.4'N, 108°16.5'W; 1790 m), 7 Jun 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (1♂; USNM) . Santa Fe : Espanola (35°59.5′N, 106°04.9′W), 11 Aug 1953, W. B. Heed (1♀; USNM)

OREGON. Curry: Gold Beach (90 km E; 42°24.4'N, 123°25.3'W), 2 Spe 1961, K. Goeden (1♀; USNM) ; Ophir (42°33.8′N, 124°23′W), 28 Jul 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (2♂; USNM) . Deschutes: Bend (44°03.5'N, 121°18.9'W), 8 Aug 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (2♂; USNM) .

UTAH. Grand: Green River (15.3 km N; 39°7'N, 110°6.6'W; 1225 m), 30 Jul 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (25♂, 7♀; USNM) .

WASHINGTON. Chelan: Lake Wenatchee (47°48.7'N, 120°43.6'W), 4 Aug 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (1♂, 1♀; USNM) ; Peshastin (47°34.2'N, 120°36.2'W), 5 Aug 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (1♂, 1♀; USNM) . Skamania: Carson Hot Springs (45°43.7'N, 121°47.9'W), 1 Jul 1988, D. and W. N. Mathis (6♂; USNM) . Snohomish: Verlot (48°05.4'N, 121°46.6'W), 3 Aug 1951, A. H. Sturtevant (1♂; USNM) .

Type Locality.— United States. California. Mariposa: Yosemite Valley (37°44'N, 119°36'W) .

Distribution ( Fig. 194 ).— Nearctic : United States (Alaska, Arizona, California, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington).

Remarks.—This species is placed in the quadriguttata group.

Figures

FIGURE 194. Distribution map of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson

FIGURES 184–187. Head of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 184. Male, latero-oblique view. 185. Male, lateral view. 186. Female, latero-oblique view. 187. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 188–190. Male terminalia of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 188. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 189. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 190. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 191–193. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 192–193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant & Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.