Sejanus Distant, 1912

Menard, Katrina L. & Schuh, Randall T., 2011, Revision Of Leucophoropterini: Diagnoses, Key To Genera, Redescription Of The Australian Fauna, And Descriptions Of New Indo-Pacific Genera And Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (361), pp. 1-159 : 125-128

Sejanus Distant Figures 34–38 ; plate 7

Sejanus Distant, 1910: 20 (n. gen., syn. by Carvalho, 1952 a: 66); Carvalho and Gross, 1982: 7 (descr., disc., key to Australian spp. and subspp.); Schuh, 1984: 150 (diag., descr., disc., key to Indo Pacific spp.); Kerzhner and Schuh, 1995: 5 (rev. syn.); Yasunaga, 2001: 121 (n. sp., diag., key to Japanese spp).

Idatius Distant, 1910: 20 (n. gen., junior homonym of Idatius Fairmaire, 1906 , Coleoptera ; syn. by Carvalho, 1952: 66).

Eosthenarus Poppius, 1915: 72 (n. gen., syn. by Kerzhner and Schuh, 1995: 5)

TYPE SPECIES: Sejanus funereus Distant, 1910 , by original designation.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by small size, dark brown to rarely reddish coloration lacking punctation or maculation, lack of a complete transverse fascia if present at all, cuneus sometimes with two white spots on lateral margins, presence of only simple setae, relatively large eyes nearly or completely encompassing total height of head in lateral view, absence of a pronotal collar, relatively short, flattened metafemur, transversely rounded hemelytral margins, and relatively simple C- to J-shaped endosoma sometimes with a well-developed secondary gonopore.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Macropterous, small, parallel sided. Total length 2.03–2.23, width pronotum 0.77–0.90, maximum width across hemelytra 0.94–0.99. COLORATION: Dark brown to rarely reddish. Head: Dark brown to blackish. Eyes deep red to purple, rarely silver. Thorax: Pronotum, scutellum, and thorax pleuron and venter dark brown. Dorsolateral margin of metepisternum and scent gland unicolorous with thoracic pleuron and lacking white pigmentation to possessing white band of varying width along dorsolateral margin. Legs: Femora dark brown or red basally and golden distally, completely golden or completely dark brown to red with metafemora usually unicolorous. All tibiae completely golden, dark brown basally and golden distally, or rarely completely dark brown. Metatibiae with parallel rows of dark spicules. Tarsomeres completely golden, basally dark brown and distally golden, or completely dark brown. Hemelytra: Completely brown or rarely reddish, sometimes with luteous markings adjacent to claval suture or on median of clavus. Anterior margin of cuneus with or without two lateral white spots that may or may not be partially fused or narrow white band along anterior margin of cuneus posterior to cuneal fracture, posterior of cuneus unicolorous with majority of hemelytron. Abdomen: Dark red or brown. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsal surface of body and hemelytron covered with fine, golden simple setae. Lacking reflective patches on hemelytral surface. STRUCTURE: Head: Frons convex, clypeus anterior to surface of frons and visible in dorsal view of head to obscured by frons and not visible in dorsal view. Vertex flat to weakly convex, posterior margin flat, wider than width of one eye. Eyes removed from dorsal surface of vertex in anterior view, occupying entire height of head in lateral view or with vertex visible anteriorly, posterior margin of eyes partially obscuring anterior of pronotum. Labium just passing apex of mesocoxae to extending past metacoxae. Antennal segment 2 equal in length to head width to over 1.20 times head width. Thorax: Pronotum more than two times as wide as long with lateral margins straight and angled nearly 45 °, forming trapezoidal shape in dorsal view, dorsal surface flat and lacking demarcation between anterior and posterior lobes, calli not visible, anterolateral angle with single dark, stout spine. Mesoscutum exposed, scutellum weakly transversely rounded. Legs: Short, metafemur 1.25–1.33 times longer than pro- and mesofemora, all femora weakly flattened. Hemelytra: Lateral margins nearly parallel sided, dorsally transversely rounded. Cuneus triangular, relatively short, a less than M total length of membrane to rarely longer than M total length, cuneal fracture angled anteromesially. Abdomen: Parallel-sided, pygophore one-fifth to nearly M total length of abdomen. GENITALIA: Pygophore: Tapering dorsally toward apex, unadorned. Endosoma: C (fig. 38A, F) to J-shaped and weakly twisting (fig. 38I), flat, small, with weakly developed to well-developed and horse-collar–shaped secondary gonopore. Apex with spines or rarely serrated membrane (fig. 38A, F). Membrane surrounding endosoma smooth, with spicules, or sometimes with serrations extending over distal half of endosoma and sometimes just around apex (fig. 38A, F). Phallotheca: Surface smooth to rarely with ridges, C- to L-shaped, apex tapering to point without ornamentations (fig. 38D, H, K). Right paramere: Small, subequal in size to left paramere, parallel sided to wider medially with pointed apex (fig. 38B, E). Left paramere: Larger in size than right paramere (fig. 38C, G, J); posterior process elongate, narrow, with or without sensory pits, apex angled dorsally or ventrally, rarely curved medially with apex directed dorsally; anterior process short, stocky, apex rarely directed in alternate direction of posterior process (e.g., S. ecnomios Schuh [1984 : fig. 545]), dorsal surface of anterior process ventral to or at midline of total height of paramere. Main body of paramere sometimes medially expanded ( Schuh, 1984: figs. 545, 548).

Female: Macropterous, small, rounded with convex lateral margins. Total length 2.26–2.62, width pronotum 0.89–1.02, maximum width across hemelytra 1.08–1.19. COLORATION: Basal half antennal segment 2 sometimes more yellow than in male, overall coloration darker and more intense. SURFACE AND VESTITURE. As in male. STRUCTURE: Vertex wider relative to total head width than in male and lateral hemelytral margins more strongly convex. Remaining characters as in male. GENITALIA: Two separate, triangular-shaped vestibular sclerites, no visible lateral tube, but with an apical sclerite covering vulva between vestibular sclerites; sclerotized areas on lateral margins of first gonapophyses between dorsal and ventral labiate plates; sclerotized rings weakly sclerotized. Posterior wall mostly membranous, with posterior margin sclerotized and possessing medial invagination; lateral region of interramal sclerites sclerotized.

HOSTS: Mostly unknown, but the Australian species are recorded primarily on Myrtaceae and Casuarinaceae .

DISTRIBUTION: Oriental Region, Palearctic Region, Indo-Pacific, and Australia.

DISCUSSION: Sejanus remains one of the largest genera of Leucophoropterini and also the most widely distributed, with

species as far west as India and Sri Lanka, as far east as New Caledonia, as far north as Japan and Russia, and as far south as Australia. Sejanus is unique with the apical morphology of the endosoma having spines, serrated membrane, or other elaborations, whereas most genera of Leucophoropterini have a simple S-shaped endosoma with a weakly sclerotized apical secondary gonopore and no other modifications. Schuh (1984) noted that Sejanus is superficially similar to Campylomma , but lacks the spines on the metafemur, the bladelike apical process on the endosoma, and has a different coloration on the cuneus. Sejanus also has a primarily black femora and tibiae, whereas most Campylomma species have pale femora with black spots.

Figures

Figure 34. Distribution of Sejanus spp. in Australia.

Figure 35. Distribution of Sejanus spp. in the Orient and New Guinea (B–E).

Figure 36. Distribution of Sejanus spp. in the Philippines and New Guinea (F–M).

Figure 37. Distribution of Sejanus spp. in New Guinea (S–U).

Figure 38. Male genitalia of Sejanus spp. A–D. S. brittoni. A. Endosoma, B. Right paramere, C. Left paramere, D. Phallotheca. E–G. S. howardae. E. Endosoma, F. Left paramere, G. Phallotheca. H–K. S. palumae. H. Right paramere, I. Endosoma, J. Left paramere, K. Phallotheca.