Baikia Gray, 1865: 450

GANS, CARL, 2005, Checklist And Bibliography Of The Amphisbaenia Of The World, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2005 (289), pp. 1-130 : 23-24

Baikia Gray, 1865: 450 . Type species: Baikia africana , by monotypy.

See discussion in H. Parker (1942: 59) and

Gans and Kochva (1966: 88).

Baikia africana Gray

Baikia africana Gray, 1865: 451 . TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘ West Africa’ ’. Holotype: BMNH 65.5.9.7: RR1946.8.2.10.

Anops africanus Tornier (1902) .

DISCUSSION OF FORM: Loveridge (1941: 369), H. Parker (1942: 59), and Dunger (1965: 217). (See comment under Ancylocranium .) See also Tornier (1902), and Welch (1982).

RANGE: Northern Nigeria.

Genus Blanus Wagler

Blanus Wagler, 1830: 197 . Type species: Amphis­

baena cinerea Vandelli , by monotypy.

See discussion in Bedriaga (1884b: 23) and Vanzolini (1951b: 113).

Blanus aporus Werner Blanus aporus Werner, 1898: 220 . TYPE LOCALITY:

‘‘Bei Mersina, cilicischen Taurus’’, Turkey.

Syntypes: BMNH 1898.4.7.2:RR1946.8.2.15,

1898.4.7.3:RR1946.8.2.16; IMZUT 2439;

NMW 12310.

DISCUSSION OF FORM: Alexander (1966b: 222). See also Van den Elzen (1980, defense reaction), and Franzen (1986, activity patterns).

RANGE: Turkey, east from Xanthus along the Mediterranean coast to Lebanon and Israel, inland to eastern Iraq.

Blanus bedriagae Boulenger

Blanus bedriagae G. Boulenger, 1884b: 396 . TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘River Xantus, Asia Minor’’, Turkey. Syntypes: BMNH 54.10.28.24:RR1946.8.2.17, 1946.8.2.30, 1946.8.31.84–1946.8.31.93.

Blanus bedraigai [sic] Al­Jumaily, 1971.

DISCUSSION OF FORM: Alexander (1966b: 222). See also Al­Jumaily (1983, distribution), Basoglu and Baran (1977, distribution), Gans (1971c, distribution), Manteufel (1993, distribution), and Nikolski (1963, distribution).

RANGE: Southwestern Turkey, vicinity of Xanthus.

Blanus cinereus (Vandelli)

Amphisbaena reticulata Holmer, 1787: 30 . TYPE LOCALITY: Unknown. Type: Lost. Petition for suppression of name submitted (Gans, 1961b: 223). Nomen oblitum (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 1961: art. 23b).

Amphisbaena cinerea Baptista, 1789: 254 . Nomen nudum, see Frade (1937: 257).

Amphisbaena cinerea Vandelli, 1797: 69 . TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘Lusitanica’’ = Portugal. Syntypes: Possibly ANSP 9672, collected by Vandelli and exchanged from the museum at Lisbon plus others.

Amphisbaena oxyura Wagler, 1824: 72 . TYPE LO­ CALITY: ‘‘Environs maricageux de la ville de

Rio de Janeiro’’, Brazil, in error. Probably Ibe­

rian Peninsula (Wagler, 1830). Holotype: Not in the old catalogue of the Zoologische Sammlung des Bayerischen Staates Munich with the other Wagler types; probably lost.

Amphisbaena rufa Hemprich, 1820a: 103 . TYPE LOCALITY: Unknown. Holotype: ZMB 1389 . Gans (1967e, 1968a, 1969, per Wermuth in litt.) stated that the type was probably lost, but it has subsequently been rediscovered (Gans et al. 1997).

[ Blanus ] cinereus Wagler, 1830: 197 . Emendation. DISCUSSION OF FORM: Mertens (1925b: 62, for Spanish records), Gans (1962a: 12), Bons (1963: 95), and Alexander (1966b: 221). See also Arnold and Burton (1978, identification), Barbadillo et al. (1998, diet), Barrio et al. (1994, distribution), Bauwens (1986, distribution), Busack (1978, activity patterns; 1988a, variation), Cavallo et al. (1993, variation), Cendrero (1972, distribution), Diaz­ Paniagua et al. (1995, activity patterns), Durán (1985, sound production), Galan (1985, general), Gallardo (1970a, distribution), Gans and Wever (1975, hearing), Gil et al. (1993, variation, ecology), Gilpin (1971, general), Gómez Durán (1985, sound production), Hiraldo (1974, variation), Hoogmoed and Gruber (1983, variation), Langerwerf (1974, 1985, 1987, distribution), López and Martín (1994, communication), López and Salvador (1992, 1994, predatory behavior), López et al. (1991, diet; 1997, communication; 1998, thermal ecology), Malkmus (1982a, defense reaction; 1982b, 1990, 1991a, distribution; 1991b, activity pattern; 1996a, general; 1996b, ecology; 1997, distribution), Martín et al. (1990, body temperature; 1991, habitat selection; 2000, defensive reaction), Mattison and Smith (1978, distribution), Mellado et al. (1975, ecology), Perez­Santos and Moreno (1987, as prey), Regalado (1985, general), Renous­Léçuru et al. (1991, vestigial pelvis), Salvador (1981, distribution), Schleich and Kästle (1988, egg shells), Schleich et al. (1996, general), Schröder (1973, distribution), Stemmler (1971, 1972, distribution), Zapatero et al. (1990 [1991], parasites).

RANGE: Iberian Peninsula. Tangier.

Blanus mettetali Bons

Blanus cinereus mettetali Bons, 1963: 104 . TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘Tarmilate (Oulmhs­les­Thermes),

Maroc’’. Holotype: MHNP 1963.1015. Para­

type: ISCR 339.009 (‘‘Taroudannt, vallie de l’oued Souss’’).

DISCUSSION OF FORM: Bons (1963: 95). See also Busack (1988a, activity patterns), Geniez et al. (1991, distribution), Schleich et al. (1996, biology), Stemmler (1971, distribution).

RANGE: Morocco, possibly into Algeria.

Blanus strauchi Bedriaga Blanus strauchi Bedriaga, 1884b: 35 . TYPE LO­

CALITY: ‘‘Smyrna’’ (= Izmir, Turkey). Lecto­

type: BMNH 83.7.30.3:RR1946.8.2.9, by pre­

sent designation. Paratypes: ZIL 5903, plus

three once in Bedriaga’s personal collection.

DISCUSSION OF FORM: Alexander (1966a: 671). See also Alexander (1964, vertebrae; 1966b, segmentation), Buttle (1990, distribution), Cameron and Gans (1977, taxonomy), Franzen (1993, distribution), Ondrias (1968, distribution), Lescure et al. (1990, taxonomy), Teynié (1991, distribution), and Valakos and Papapanagiotou (1985, distribution).

RANGE: Western Turkey.

Blanus tingitanus Busack Blanus tingitanus Busack, 1988a: 106 . TYPE LO­

CALITY: Morocco; Kenitra Perfecture, Mehdiya­

Plage. Holotype: UCMVZ 178095. Paratypes:

UCMVZ 178096–178099, 178100, 178102,

186166–186170.

DISCUSSION OF FORM: Busack (1988a: 106–

107). See also Schleich et al. (1996, biology). RANGE: Known only from type locality.