Draculoides kryptus ( Harvey, Berry, Edward and Humphreys, 2008 )

Abrams, Kym M., Huey, Joel A., Hillyer, Mia J., Didham, Raphael K. & Harvey, Mark S., 2020, A systematic revision of Draculoides (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) of the Pilbara, Western Australia, Part I: the Western Pilbara, Zootaxa 4864 (1), pp. 1-75 : 54

Draculoides kryptus ( Harvey, Berry, Edward and Humphreys, 2008)

( Figs. 1–8 )

http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ D2AD297D-B3AD-4860-B82D-89422FADF8B9

Paradraculoides kryptus Harvey, Berry, Edward and Humphreys 2008: 190–191 , figs. 10, 12, 47–53.

Draculoides kryptus (Harvey, Berry, Edward and Humphreys) : Abrams et al. 2019 MPE 106532: 8, fig. 2.

Material examined. Holotype male. AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Mesa K (Borehole 1685 trap 1), S of Pannawonica , 21°43′06″S, 116°15′36″E, 12.vii.2005, M. Greenham, D. Kamien and L. Mould ( WAM T 65801).

Paratypes. AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: 1 ♂, Mesa K, Borehole 1721 (trap 3), S of Pannawonica, 21°42’56”S, 116°15’57”E, 12 July 2005, M. Greenham, D. Kamien and L. Mould ( WAM T 65795) ; 1 male, Mesa K, Borehole 1728 (trap 1), S of Pannawonica, 21°43’01”S, 116°15’53”E, 12 July 2005, M. Greenham, D. Kamien and L. Mould ( WAM T 65796) ; 2 females (trap 2) same data as holotype ( WAM T65802, T65998) ; 2 ♀, Mesa K, Borehole 1694 (traps 1, 2), S of Pannawonica, 21°43’09”S, 116°15’52”E, 12 July 2005, M. Greenham, D. Kamien and L. Mould ( WAM T65798, T65997) .

Other material. AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: See Harvey et al. (2008) and Abrams et al. (2019).

Diagnosis. The shape of the male flagellum of Draculoides kryptus most closely resembles D. affinis , D. anachoretus , D. bythius , D. cochranus , D. eremius , D. gnophicola , D. mckechnieorum , D. noctigrassator and D. warramboo , especially in the presence of a broad base. It differs from D. affinis , D. eremius and D. gnophicola in the presence of a distally tapered tip (blunt tip in the aforementioned species). It differs from D. anachoretus , D. bythius D. cochranus , D. mckechnieorum , D. noctigrassator and D. warramboo in the posterior position of dm 4 in relation to dl3 (dm4 anterior to dl 3 in all of the aforementioned species except D. bythius , in which dm4 is in line with dl3). It is currently not possible to differentiate females of this species on morphology alone. Draculoides kryptus can be diagnosed from all other Draculoides species that were sequenced at COI and 12S by the 50bp mini-barcodes shown in Figures 3 and 5 . Draculoides kryptus can be diagnosed from all other Draculoides species that were sequenced at ITS2 ( Fig. 7 ) except for D. anachoretus , D. bythius , D. eremius , D. gnophicola , D. mckechnieorum , D. warramboo , D. immortalis , D. belalugosii , D. christopherleei , D. piscivultus and D. akashae , which are not distinguishable using the ITS2 mini-barcode.

Description. See Harvey et al. (2008).

Remarks. Draculoides kryptus is found in Mesa K situated south of Pannawonica in the Pilbara region of Western Australia ( Fig. 1B ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Map of an area of the Pilbara described as “West Pilbara” for the purposes of this study, showing the distribution of the named Draculoides species. Inset maps show species distributions in finer detail encompassing areas A: Warramboo, Mesas A, B and C and “BudgieBore”; B: Bungaroo, Mesas G, H, J, K and L; C: Cochrane and Jewell, Kens Bore, Cane and Upper Cane River, Trinity Bore and Catho Well, Mt. Stuart Station; D: Middle Robe, Robe Valley; E: Bungaroo South, West Pit, Buckland Hills and Dragon deposit.

FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood tree, based on the reduced dataset. See Methods for details. Each terminal represents a single species or OTU, with named species in bold. Clades are identified using dashed boxes and shaded boxes encompass the species discussed in this study. Nodes with bootstrap support <80 are not shown, except for the common ancestor of the Draculoides radiation.

FIGURE 3. COI mini-barcodes for all Draculoides species including the operational taxonomic units used in Abrams et al. (2019). This barcode is the maximally diagnostic 50 bp fragment of DNA. Genetic variation within species is shown using IUPAC Ambiguity Codes. See Methods for details. The position of the mini-barcode is reported relative to a specimen of Draculoides celatus (WAM T98698, GenBank number MG913085). The blue tree on the left groups minibarcodes which are most similar to each other but does not represent an accurate phylogeny. The coloured bases in the figure are those that differ from the consensus reference sequence.

FIGURE 4. Maximum Likelihood tree based on COI mini-barcodes (Fig. 3) showing similarity of mini-barcode sequences, relative to species identity. This phylogeny does not recover an accurate tree topology, and evolutionary relationships should not be inferred from this figure.

FIGURE 5. 12S mini-barcodes for all Draculoides species including the operational taxonomic units used in Abrams et al. (2019). This barcode is the maximally diagnostic 50 bp fragment of DNA. Genetic variation within species is shown using IUPAC Ambiguity Codes. See Methods for details. The position of the mini-barcode is reported relative to a specimen of Draculoides celatus (WAM T98698, GenBank number MG913012). The blue tree on the left groups minibarcodes which are most similar to each other but does not represent an accurate phylogeny. The coloured bases in the figure are those that differ from the consensus reference sequence.

FIGURE 6. Maximum Likelihood tree based on COI mini-barcodes (Fig. 5) showing similarity of mini-barcode sequences relative to species identity. This phylogeny does not recover an accurate tree topology, and evolutionary relationships should not be inferred from this figure.

FIGURE 7. ITS2 mini-barcodes for all Draculoides species including the operational taxonomic units used in Abrams et al. (2019). This barcode is the maximally diagnostic 50 bp fragment of DNA. Genetic variation within species is shown using IUPAC Ambiguity Codes. See Methods for details. The position of the mini-barcode is reported relative to a specimen of Draculoides celatus (WAM T98698, GenBank number MG913105). The blue tree on the left groups minibarcodes which are most similar to each other but does not represent an accurate phylogeny. The coloured bases in the figure are those that differ from the consensus reference sequence.

FIGURE 8. Maximum Likelihood tree based on ITS2 mini-barcodes (Fig. 7) showing similarity of mini-barcode sequences, relative to species identity. This phylogeny does not recover an accurate tree topology, and evolutionary relationships should not be inferred from this figure.