Eremocosta calexicensis ( Muma 1951 )

Cushing, Paula E., Channiago, Felix & Brookhart, Jack O., 2018, Revision of the camel spider genus Eremocosta Roewer and a description of the female Eremocosta gigas Roewer (Arachnida, Solifugae), Zootaxa 4402 (3), pp. 443-466 : 451-455

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4402.3.2

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:50282593-0195-4899-980F-493E062B71B0

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5981582

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE2E66-5433-FFC4-FF0C-F919FC240238

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Eremocosta calexicensis ( Muma 1951 )
status

 

Eremocosta calexicensis ( Muma 1951) View in CoL

Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 , 2E–H View FIGURE 2 , 3B View FIGURE 3 , 4B View FIGURE 4 , 5B View FIGURE 5

Eremorhax calexicensis Muma 1951: 50 –51, figs. 39–43. Eremopus calexicensis ( Muma 1989) : 6.

Eremocosta calexicensis ( Muma 1951) View in CoL : Harvey 2002: 451.

Type material. Male holotype, female allotype and male paratypes from Calexico, California, USA, coll. M.G. Armstrong, no date ( USNM 2073704). We were able to examine male and female types.

Other specimens examined. Males (13). MÉXICO: Baja California Norte, Bahia de los Ángeles, 29 August 1964, coll. N Vidal ( IBUNAM CNAN-S00180 ) ; USA: Arizona, Maricopa County, 7 miles S. Gila Bend on BLM land, N 32.862222°, W 112.691667° GoogleMaps , 284 m elev., 3 August 2008, coll. Paula E. Cushing & Anja Klann, at lantern light ( DMNS ZA.19985); USA: California, Imperial County, Ogilby Rd. N of Highway 8, N 32.76967°, W 114.83682° GoogleMaps , 71 m elev., 2002, coll. Dustin A. Wood ( DMNS ZA.16319); USA: California, Imperial County, Salton Sea , N 33.2038°, W 115.8407°, GoogleMaps - 68 m elev., April 2002, coll. USGS, pitfall trap ( DMNS ZA.16326); USA: California, Riverside County, Palm Canyon Dr. at junction with Bogert Trail , N 33.776°, W 116.545° GoogleMaps , 165 m elev., 31 August 2005, coll. Wendell Icenogle, crawling on pavement below street light ( DMNS ZA.17214); USA: California, Riverside County, Coachella Valley, NE edge of Palm Springs, junction Airport Tachevah Dr. just E junction Highway 111, N 33.83772°, W 116.50958° GoogleMaps , 137 m elev., 2 September 2006, coll. Wendell Icenogle, netted ( DMNS ZA.17222); USA: California, Riverside County, Mesa , N 33.96211°, W 116.6692° GoogleMaps , 914 m elev., August 2000, coll. USGS, pitfall trap ( DMNS ZA.19159); USA: California, Riverside County, Mesa , N 33.96211° W 116.6992° GoogleMaps , 856 m elev., August 2000, coll. USGS ( DMNS ZA.19162); USA: California, Riverside County, Blythe, 21 June 1978 ( UCD no number); USA: California, Riverside County, Blythe, 18 July 1980 ( UCD); USA: California, San Bernardino County, Wonder Valley Amboy Rd., 8.5 mi E Twenty Nine Palms (at Adobe Rd. junction), N 34.1657° W 115.9037° 487, m elev., coll. Wendell Icenogle, 17 May 2007, on or near building with lights (3 males: DMNS ZA.25457). GoogleMaps

Females (7). MÉXICO: Baja California Norte, Bahía de Los Ángeles, 19 August 1964, no collector ( IBUNAM +CNAN-Sol00076) ; USA: California, Imperial County, Salton Sea , N 33.1974°, W 115.8374°, - 66 m elev., September 2001, coll. USGS, pitfall trap ( DMNS ZA.16324) GoogleMaps ; USA: California, Imperial County, off California 78, 7/ 10 mile west of junction with California 86, N 33.12582°, W 115.86887°, - 49 m elev., 7 September 2010, coll. Wendell Icenogle, on highway in car headlights, feeding on dead male ( DMNS ZA.36261) GoogleMaps ; USA: California, Imperial County, Algodones Dunes, 7.5 km n. Glamis , N 33.033333°, W 115.133333°, 80 m, coll. R & L Kimsey & T.J. Zavortink, pitfall at black light ( DMNS ZA.37394) GoogleMaps ; USA: California, Riverside County, Santa Rosa Mountains, west rim of canyon, Pinyon Crest area , 1 mile north of California 74 and Carrizo Road junction, N 33.615735°, W 116.412535°, 945 m elev., 13 July 2013, coll. Wendell Icenogle, on ground at base of yellow floodlight beside gate ( DMNS ZA.36257) GoogleMaps ; USA: California, Riverside County, San Jacinto Mountains, on road to Palm Springs Tramway , 2 7/ 10 mi W. of Highway 111, N 33.844832°, W 598 m elev., coll. Wendell Icenogle, on road w/ car headlights ( DMNS ZA.36899) ; USA: California, San Diego County, 7/ 10 mile south of center of Borrego Springs , N 33.25218°, W 116.37521°, 183 m elev., 12 September 2008, coll. Wendell Icenogle, on pavement below light at motel ( DMNS ZA.36262). GoogleMaps

Diagnosis. Eremocosta calexicensis is closely related to E. titania . The two species can be separated by the length of the fixed finger of the male, shape of the VDC, and relative length of the VDC. Most males of E. calexicensis have the fixed finger somewhat shorter than the movable finger. The edge of the VDC, when viewed from the retrolateral surface ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ) is slightly convex compared to the same view of the VDC of E. titania . The VDC of E. calexicensis also extends only ½ or less the length of the fixed finger whereas the VDC of E. titania typically extends more than ½ the length of the fixed finger (compare Fig. 2E & W View FIGURE 2 ). Males of E. calexicensis are also generally larger than males of E. titania . The female genital operculum is also distinct from E. titania . The wings of the genital operculum of E. calexicensis are shaped like hockey sticks with the inner margins more or less parallel to one another ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ), whereas the inner margins of the wings quickly diverge in E. titania ( Fig. 4F View FIGURE 4 ).

Measurements. Male holotype. TL 37.0; CL 10.4; CH 4.0; FNL 0.3; FNH 0.5; FFH 1.0; PL 42; PT and PMT NA (pedipalps of male disassociated in vial and damaged); LI 31.0; LIV 56.0; PPL 5.2; A/CP 8.3; FNL/FNH 0.6; FFH/FNH 2.0.

Males (n = 13). TL 25.0–43.0; CL 6.5–13.6; CH 3.0–9.6; FNL 0.2–0.9; FNH 0.4–1.0; FFH 0.6–1.1; PL 24.0– 43.0; PT 1.3–4.0; PMT 7.0–10.1; LI 12.0–31.5; LIV 26.0–47.0; PPL 3.0–6.4; A/CP 4.4–8.2; FNL/FNH 0.2–1.7; FFH/FNH 0.9–2.0; FFH/ CH 0.1–0.3.

Female allotype. TL 42.0; CL 13.8; CH 6.1; PL 41.0; PT and PMT NA (pedipalps of female disassociated in vial and damaged); LI 30.0; LIV 49.0; A/CP 6.1.

Females (n = 7). TL 28.0–48.0; CL 9.0–15.7; CH 4.0–6.5; PL 26.0–37.0; PT 1.2–3.1; PMT 7.9–10.0; LI 17.0– 34.0; LIV 34.0–43.0; PPL 4.0–6.0; A/CP 4.0–6.3.

Description. Coloration. Male. Pale yellow overall. Appendages slightly darker at distal end of femur and proximal end of tibia. Propeltidium pale ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ). Abdomen typical with dark, violet-brown rectangles on each segment that give the appearance of a stripe; ventral grey-cream.

Chelicera. Male. Chelicera as in Muma (1951, p. 49, fig. 40). VDC deep, cup-shaped occupying approximately one-third to one-half the length of fixed finger with a slight prolateral orientation ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ). Fixed finger with no median dentition. Movable finger: large, acute MP-small MSM-small MM; large MPL. ( Figs. 2E & F View FIGURE 2 ). Fondal notch tiny. Sometimes 1–3 RFA on the ventral edge of the fixed finger as well as 2–3 in the fondal notch ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ). Muma graded the fondal teeth I, II, III, IV but we suggest they might be II, I, III, IV since I and II are about equal in size, tiny or absent IV retrolaterally and I, III, II, tiny serrate IV prolaterally ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ). FNH smaller than the FFH.

Setation. Male. Typical Eremocosta flagellum complex. Prolateral setal complex typical, plumose pvd extend to base of fondal tooth I, mpd a proximal patch. Numerous long, thin palpal setae. No ctenidia or palpal papillae.

Coloration. Female. Coloration as in the males. Pedipalps dusky on femur as well as tibia, tarsus, and metatarsus. Propeltidium pale with dark anterior margin.

Chelicera. Female. Typical. Fixed finger: FP-FSM-FM-small FSD-FD. Movable finger: MP-MSM-MM; MPL distinct ( Figs. 2G & H View FIGURE 2 ). One large RFA; fondal teeth II, III, I, tiny IV retrolaterally; I, III, II, IV prolaterally.

Setation. Female. Typical eremobatid female prolateral setal pattern. Outer tubular, inner plumose from FD to MM. Pedipalps typical with numerous short, thin setae, paired seta at the base of tibia. Few or no bacilli on coxa.

Genital operculum. Female genital operculum as in Muma (1951, fig. 43) with long anterior arms, club-like wings with two tiny outgrowths/knobs on the interior margin ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ).

Distribution. Eremocosta calexicensis ranges from at least Bahía de los Ángeles on the east coast of Baja California Norte through the Santa Rosa Mountains of California, USA where it is sympatric with E. titania in the southern part of that species’ range. In fact, a male E. titania from Imperial County, California USA (DMNS ZA.23484) was captured with the carcass of a male E. calexicensis adjacent to it; presumably the E. titania had been eating the E. calexicensis .

Discussion. Because of the morphological similarity between E. calexicensis and E. titania and because the ranges are partly sympatric, there may be instances of hybridization between the two species. Cushing et al. (2015) demonstrated no significant molecular differences between the two specimens used to represent E. calexicensis and E. titania in the phylogenetic analysis. Upon re-examination of these specimens, it was clear that they both represented E. titania . Muma’s (1951) designation of specimens from Arizona are probably E. striatus and those from coastal California are probably E. bajaensis . In his 1951 descriptions of both E. calexicensis and E. titania Muma noted variance that probably reflects these misidentifications.

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

IBUNAM

Instituto de BiIolog�a, Universidad Nacional Aut�noma de M�xico

DMNS

Denver Museum of Nature and Science

USGS

U.S. Geological Survey

UCD

University of California, Davis

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Solifugae

Family

Eremobatidae

Genus

Eremocosta

Loc

Eremocosta calexicensis ( Muma 1951 )

Cushing, Paula E., Channiago, Felix & Brookhart, Jack O. 2018
2018
Loc

Eremorhax calexicensis

Muma 1951 : 50
Loc

Eremocosta calexicensis ( Muma 1951 )

Harvey 2002 : 451
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