Macrobiotus maculatus Iharos, 1973

Kaczmarek, Łukasz & Michalczyk, Łukasz, 2017, A description of Macrobiotus horningi sp. nov. and redescriptions of M. maculatus comb. nov. Iharos, 1973 and M. rawsoni Horning et al., 1978 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae: hufelandi group), Zootaxa 4363 (1), pp. 79-100 : 86-92

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4363.1.3

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B1494311-BF2D-44B4-9107-68930116E97F

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6041763

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC8792-543F-FFB0-FF06-F960FAE5FEB7

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Macrobiotus maculatus Iharos, 1973
status

comb. nov.

Macrobiotus maculatus Iharos, 1973 View in CoL comb. nov.

( Tables 2, 4, Figs 5–8 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE7 View FIGURE8 )

Macrobiotus hufelandii maculatus n. ssp. ( Iharos 1973)

Material examined ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ). Two animals and one egg (neither labelled as a holotype or paratypes, which means that according to The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature ( ICZN) these should be considered as syntypes) on three slides designated as: 1) 46, Macrobiotus hufelandi maculatus Iharos, N. Guinea, Mt. Wilhelm, 1969. VIII.6., L. Balogh f. (museum accession code: HNHM Tard-280); 2) 46, Macrobiotus hufelandi maculatus Iharos, N. Guinea, Mt. Wilhelm, 1969. VIII.6., L. Balogh f. (museum accession code: HNHM Tard-286); 3) Macrobiotus hufelandi maculatus , pete., N. Guinea, Mt. Wilhelm, 1969. VIII.6., L. Balogh f. (museum accession code: HNHM Tard-287).

Type locality. 05°47'S, 145°02'E, ca. 4400–4500 m asl: New Guinea, Simbu (Chimbu) Province , near the top of the Mt. Wilhelm, above the tree line, mosses and lichens on wet rocks. GoogleMaps

Re-description (measurements in Tables 2, 4). Animals: Body pale yellow, eyes present ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Entire cuticle covered with conspicuous round and oval pores, not arranged in bands. Smaller pores (1.0–2.0 µm in diameter) round or slightly oval, but the larger pores (5.0–9.5 µm in diameter) always lenticular ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ). Obvious granulation present on all legs ( Fig. 7D View FIGURE7 ). Bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the Macrobiotus type, with ventral lamina and ten peribuccal lamellae ( Fig. 7A–C View FIGURE7 ). Mouth antero-ventral. The oral cavity armature of the maculatus type with only the third band of teeth visible under LM, composed of three dorsal and three ventral teeth in the shape of transverse ridges ( Fig. 7B–C View FIGURE7 ). Buccal tube with a single anterior bend and slightly thickened walls posterior to the stylet support insertion point. Pharyngeal bulb spherical with triangular apophyses, two rod-shaped macroplacoids and a thin microplacoid. Macroplacoid length configuration 2<1. The first macroplacoid with a central constriction. The second macroplacoid without constrictions, but with latero-terminal globular projections ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE7 ). Claws of the hufelandi type, stout ( Fig. 7D View FIGURE7 ). Primary branches with distinct accessory points. Lunules on all legs smooth. Thin paired bars under claws I–III present. Other cuticular thickenings on legs absent.

Eggs: Spherical, ornamented and laid freely ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE8 ), with the chorion surface of the maculatus type (porous; Fig. 8B–C View FIGURE8 ). Pores (pits) large (0.8–1.5 µm in diameter) and oval, up to 20 arranged in peribasal rings, with occasional smaller interbasal pores. Process trunks concave, very wide at the base, narrowed immediately above the base and then almost uniformly thin to the top, terminated with a small disc ( Fig. 8D View FIGURE8 ). Discs almost flat (from slightly concave to slightly convex) and with smooth edges.

Original measurements according to Iharos (1973): Body length 360–410 µm; cuticular pores 6.0×1.2 µm; pharyngeal bulb 43.0×36.0 µm; eggs with and without processes 100.0×80.0 µm and 65.0×85.0 µm, respectively; processes height 9.0 µm; 30–32 process on egg circumference.

Etymology. Not explained in the original description, but possibly refers to the conspicuous cuticular pores that may resemble spots ( maculatus is a derivative of the Latin maculosum = spotted).

Type depositories. Syntypes are preserved at the Hungarian Natural History Museum , Department of Zoology, Baross 13, Budapest, Hungary.

Differential diagnosis. Macrobiotus maculatus comb. nov. is characterised by eggs of the maculatus type (see, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017 for details), and is most similar to the following four species, but can be distinguished from:

M. biserovi Bertolani et al., 1996 , reported from the type locality in Italy, by: a different oral cavity armature type ( maculatus type in M. maculatus vs. hufelandi type in M. biserovi ), presence of granulation on legs IV (cuticular granulation in M. biserovi absent), the absence of teeth on lunules IV, a higher number of processes on the egg circumference (ca. 31 in M. maculatus vs. ca. 24 in M. biserovi ), a different shape of terminal discs of egg processes (round in M. maculatus vs. pentagonal in M. biserovi ), terminal discs narrower than the base of egg processes (discs and bases of a similar diameter in M. biserovi ), and narrower bases of egg processes (5.9–6.7 µm in M. maculatus vs. 8.3–9.2 µm in M. biserovi ).

M. denticulatus Dastych, 2002 , recorded from type locality in the Kerguelen Islands (sub-Antarctic), by: a different oral cavity armature type ( maculatus View in CoL type in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. patagonicus type in M. denticulatus ), a higher pt of the stylet support insertion point (77.6–79.2 in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. 71.2–76.7 in M. denticulatus ), the absence of teeth on terminal discs of egg processes, a lower process base/height ratio (71–83% in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. 95–99% in M. denticulatus ), and narrower bases of egg processes (5.9–6.7 µm in new species vs. 8.0–12.0 µm in M. denticulatus ).

M. macrocalix Bertolani & Rebecchi, 1993 View in CoL , recorded from several localities in Europe and the Seychelles (Bertolani & Rebecchi 1996, Vargha 1998, Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2002, Pilato et al. 2002, Jönsson 2007, Guil 2008), by: a different oral cavity armature type ( maculatus View in CoL type in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. hufelandi View in CoL type in M. macrocalix View in CoL ), a higher number of processes on the egg circumference (ca. 31 in new species vs. ca. 26 in M. macrocalix View in CoL ), a lower process base/height ratio (71–83% in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. 101–112% in M. macrocalix View in CoL ), narrower bases of egg processes (5.9–6.7 µm in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. 8.6–12.1 µm in M. denticulatus ) and smaller diameter of terminal discs on the egg processes (2.5–3.6 µm in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. 7.2–10.9 µm in M. macrocalix View in CoL ).

M. ramoli Dastych, 2005 View in CoL , reported from the type locality in Austria, by: a different oral cavity armature type ( maculatus View in CoL type in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. patagonicus type in M. ramoli View in CoL ), a lower number of processes on the egg circumference (ca. 31 in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. 35–41 in M. ramoli View in CoL ), the absence of projections on terminal discs of the egg processes, and a lower process base/height ratio (71–83% in M. maculatus View in CoL vs. 100–111% in M. ramoli View in CoL ).

HNHM

Hungarian Natural History Museum (Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum)

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Tardigrada

Class

Eutardigrada

Order

Parachela

Family

Macrobiotidae

Genus

Macrobiotus

Loc

Macrobiotus maculatus Iharos, 1973

Kaczmarek, Łukasz & Michalczyk, Łukasz 2017
2017
Loc

maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

Macrobiotus maculatus Iharos, 1973

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

Macrobiotus maculatus Iharos, 1973

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. maculatus

Kaczmarek & Michalczyk 2017
2017
Loc

M. ramoli

Dastych 2005
2005
Loc

M. ramoli

Dastych 2005
2005
Loc

M. ramoli

Dastych 2005
2005
Loc

M. ramoli

Dastych 2005
2005
Loc

M. denticulatus

Dastych 2002
2002
Loc

M. denticulatus

Dastych 2002
2002
Loc

M. denticulatus

Dastych 2002
2002
Loc

M. denticulatus

Dastych 2002
2002
Loc

M. denticulatus

Dastych 2002
2002
Loc

M. denticulatus

Dastych 2002
2002
Loc

M. macrocalix

Bertolani & Rebecchi 1993
1993
Loc

M. macrocalix

Bertolani & Rebecchi 1993
1993
Loc

M. macrocalix

Bertolani & Rebecchi 1993
1993
Loc

M. macrocalix

Bertolani & Rebecchi 1993
1993
Loc

M. macrocalix

Bertolani & Rebecchi 1993
1993
Loc

hufelandi

C. A. S Schultze 1834
1834
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