Solomonius foetidus (Signoret, 1861) Published, 2007

WALL, MICHAEL A., 2007, A revision of the Solomonius-group of the stinkbug tribe Halyini (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae), Zootaxa 1539 (1), pp. 1-84 : 64-66

Solomonius foetidus (Signoret, 1861) comb. nov.

( Figs. 29A , 30 D-F, 33B, 36B, 15)

Acanthidium foetidum Montrouzier, 1858: 252 (not described).

Spudaeus foetidum Signoret, 1861 in: Montrouzier, 1861: 63.

Coctoteris foetidus Stål, 1865: 167–168 (misdetermination, description, synonymy); Stål 1876: 45 (synonymy); Kirkaldy, 1909: 195 (synonymy)

Spudaeus variabilis Tryon, 1892: 18 ; Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 95. (list)

Coccoteris [sic] foetidus: Lethierry & Severin, 1893: 100 . (synonymy)

Coctotheris [sic] foetidus: Schouteden, 1907: 109 . (type, misdetermination (see comments below))

Bromocoris foetidus: Horváth, 1915: 235 , 238–239, figs. 8a, b. (description, keyed); Leston, 1957: 188 (synonymy)

Diagnosis. Olivaceous in color with spinose lateral angles on the pronotum. Labium reaching fourth abdominal sternite (third visible). Profemora with ventral series of tubercles. Ventral rim of pygophore with large quadrate process. Medial penile plates curving and narrowed distally and 5–6x longer than broad. Eighth gonocoxae of female large triangular with undulating posterior margin.

Redescription. Body 2X longer than broad ( Fig. 29A ). Head broader than long; juga shorter than the tylus. Pronotum with anterior margin concave; anterolateral angle entire; anterolateral margins serrate, slightly carinate; lateral angles spinose; posterior margin slightly concave. Scutellum with lateral margins becoming briefly parallel prior to apex. Bucculae with anteroventral angle acute, produced dorsally. Labium reaching fourth abdominal sternite (third visible); ratios of labial segments 1:1.6:1.5:0.9. Peritreme 2/3 as long as distance from ostiole of metathoracic scent gland to lateral margin of metapleuron. Episternal ridge located 4/5 of distance between ostiole of metathoracic scent gland and lateral margin of metapleuron. Third through fifth abdominal sternites (second through fourth visible) sulcate. Profemora with ventral row of small stout tubercles; dorsal surface unarmed. Mesofemora with row of small ventral tubercles. Metafemora unarmed.

Color. Ground color testaceous to pale olivaceous with black to metallic markings and punctations. Antennal segment I dorsolaterally testaceous; segments II–V with distal half castaneous. Pronotum marked with four dark triangular maculations on the posterior margin. Scutellar bulge with dark maculations on the posterolateral portion; anterolateral excavations black; median longitudinal ridge straminous with lateral dark maculations. Forewing with mottling of ground color and darker maculations; membrane testaceous. Labium straminous to testaceous, apical portion of labial segment IV castaneous. Legs of ground color; tubercles or profemora castaneous. Tibiae appearing to have three (premedial, postmedial, and distal) castaneous bands on exterior surface; tarsi distally and ventrally dark. Venter of abdomen with lateral markings forming a wide continuous castaneous band.

Male. Pygophore constricted dorsolaterally around bases of dorsolateral lobes ( Fig. 30D–F ). Ventral rim with large quadrate median process ( Fig. 30D ). Anterior flange of dorsolateral lobes auriculate; concavity oriented entad; posterior lobes slightly produced as stout heavily sclerotized acute tubercles, directed ectad; posteroventral lobe absent ( Fig. 30D–F ). Medial penile plates narrow, 5–6X longer than broad, curving and narrowing distally ( Fig. 33B ).

Female. Laterotergites of eighth segment slightly longer than broad with pair of narrowly acute subtriangular lobes. Gonocoxa of eighth segment large, triangular with undulating posterior margin. Gonocoxa of ninth segment hidden by gonocoxa of eighth segment. Laterotergites of ninth segment elongate, triangular ( Fig. 36B ). Secondary thickening of vagina intima compressed, elongate, 6–7X longer than broad, acuminate, curved; pore to ductus recepticali at apex.

Measurements. Males (n=6): body length 15.4 SD 0.4 (14.7–16.1), anterior pronotal width 3.2 SD <0.1 (3.2–3.4), humeral width 9.1 SD 0.1 (9.1–9.5), scutellar length 5.7 SD 0.1 (5.5–6.0), medial length of sixth sternite (fifth visible) 0.8 SD 0.1 (0.7–1.0), medial length of seventh sternite (sixth visible) 2.8 SD 0.1 (2.7– 3.1). Females (n=4): body length 16.9 SD 0.5 (16.1–17.5), anterior pronotal width 3.4 SD 0.1 (3.3–3.5), humeral width 9.7 SD 0.2 (9.5–10), scutellar length 6.6 SD 0.1 (6.5–6.7), medial length of sixth sternite (fifth visible) 1.3 SD 0.1 (1.2–1.5), medial length of seventh sternite (sixth visible) 2.1 SD <0.1 (2.0–2.2). Appendages in Table 5.

Specimens examined. PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Central Province , 12 mi. E Port Moresby, [9° 28' S, 147° 11’ E], 1 February 1969, coll. R. Lossin - 1 ♂ ( AM) ; Bisianumu, E. of Port Moresby, elev. 500 m, [8° 43' S, 147° 25’ E], 22 September 1955, coll. J.L. Gressitt - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Iorabaiwa, Urikiteer , [9° 16' S, 147° 30’ E], 21 June 1921, coll. E. Pockley - 1 ♀ ( AM) ; Mamai Plt’n nr Port Glasgow , elev. 60 m, [10° 18' S, 149° 32’ E], 1–31 January 1965, coll. P. Shanahan - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; same locality, 1–31 January 1965, coll. P. Shanahan - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Otomata Plantation, 1m [i], E. of Moresby , [9° 27' S, 147° 11’ E], 2 November 1960, coll. J.L. Gressitt - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Owen Stanley Range; Goilala: Loloipa , [8° 26' S, 146° 56’ E], 1–15 January 1958, coll. W. W. Brandt - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Port Moresby, elev. 30 m, [9° 28' S, 147° 11’ E], 27 February 1964, coll. J. Sedlacek - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; same locality, 2 January 1969, coll. R. Lossin - 1 ♂ ( AM) ; SE: Brown River , [9° 15' S, 147° 4’ E], 23 October 1960, coll. J.L. Gressitt - ( BPBM) ; same locality, 12–23 October 1968, coll. Tawi Mena - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; SE: Vanapa River , [9° 5' S, 146° 58’ E], 29 February 1960, coll. J. Sedlacek - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Sogeri , elev. 600 m, [9° 25' S, 147° 25’ E], 27 October - 3 November 1968, coll. Tawi Mena - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; St. Joseph’s River , [8° 50' S, 146° 34’ E], coll. W. Macgregor - 2 ♀♀, 7 ♂♂ ( AM) ; Milne Bay Province, Bupuleta , [10° 15' S, 150° 25’ E], 29 June 1970, coll. B. Gray - 1 ♂ ( BMNH) ; Dogura , [10° 6' S, 150° 4’ E], 28 December 1954, coll. E. Cassidy - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Esa’ala , [9° 43' S, 150° 48’ E], 30 July 1960, coll. A. Mann - 1 ♂ ( BMNH) ; Milne Bay, [10° 22' S, 150° 30’ E], 14–23 February 1969, coll. J. Sedlacek - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Woodlark I. (Murua); Kulumadau Hill , [9° 3' S, 152° 43’ E], 3 February - 12 March 1957, coll. W. W. Brandt - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Northern Province, between Buna and Gona , [8° 36' S, 148° 23’ E], 1 March 1943 - 1 ♀, 1 ♂ ( AMNH) ; Mt. Lamington , [8° 56' S, 148° 10’ E], 1 January - 28 February 1929, coll. C, McNamara - 1 ♀, 1 ♂ ( AM) ; same locality, 1–30 June 1966, coll. S. Lippert - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Sangara , [8° 48' S, 148° 14’ E], 19 March 1956, coll. E. Brown - 1 ♂ ( BMNH) ; same locality, 1–30 June 1966, coll. S. Lippert - sex not recorded ( BPBM) ; Sanduan Province, NE: Torricelli Mts.; Wantipi Vill. , [3° 19' S, 141° 57’ E], 30 November - 8 December 1958, coll. W. W. Brandt - 1 ♂ ( BPBM) .

Distribution. New Guinea, primarily Papuan peninsula ( Fig. 15 ).

Comments. As it possesses reduced parameres which are fused with the proctiger, as well as elongate median penile plates which are fused together, Bromocoris foetidus is transferred to Solomonius . The remaining species of the genus Bromocoris Horváth remain in that genus because they possess relatively well-developed claspers which are free from the proctiger.

Signoret’s (1861 in: Montrouzier, 1861) original description of S. foetidus does not designate a type specimen. Schouteden (1907) later implies that a specimen now held in Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brusseles (IRSNB) is the 'type' of S. foetidus . The Schouteden specimen has a 'type' label with no determiner given. It is assumed the type label was placed by Schouteden because the label places it in the genus, Coctotheris [sic], a genus not used by Signoret and Montrouzier in the original description. Horváth (1915) redescribes the species and comments on the type which he looked at in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien. The specimen referred to by Horváth in Vienna bears the label " foetidus det. Signoret." Both specimens have labels indicating they are from "Woodlark," and no other data. The Schouteden specimen does not fit the original description or subsequent descriptions of S. foetidus . Given that the Vienna specimen bears a Signoret determination label and that the specimen matches with the original description, it is here considered to be part of the original material upon which Signoret based his description. The specimen deposited in Naturhistorische Museum Wien which bears the labels “Woodlark” and " foetidus det. Signoret" is here designated as the lectotype of S. foetidus (Signoret) .

Figures

FIGURE 15. Distribution of Solomonius foetidus (Signoret) and Babylas bihamatus Horváth in New Guinea.

FIGURE 29. Solomonius species, habitus. A. S. foetidus (Signoret), B. S. grossi sp. nov., C. S. laminaphallicus sp. nov., D. S. lestoni sp. nov., E. S. viatorius sp. nov..

FIGURE 30. Ventral, lateral, and dorsal views of pygophore of selected species of Solomonius. A-C. S. browni sp. nov., D-F. S. foetidus (Signoret), G-I. S. grossi sp. nov., J-L. S. laminaphallicus sp. nov..

FIGURE 33. Ventral and lateral views of aedeagus of selected species of Solomonius. A. S. browni sp. nov., B. S. foetidus (Signoret), C. S. grossi sp. nov., D. S. laminaphallicus sp. nov., E. S. lestoni sp. nov., F. S. malaitaensis sp. nov..

FIGURE 36. External genitalia of Solomonius species. A. S. browni sp. nov., B. S. foetidus (Signoret), C. S. grossi sp. nov., D. S. laminaphallicus sp. nov., E. S. lestoni sp. nov., F. S. malaitaensis sp. nov., G. S. micrometallicus sp. nov., H. S. ornatula (Distant), I. S. rideri sp. nov., J. S. schaeferi sp. nov., K. S. viatorius sp. nov., L. S. viridula (Distant).