Turbo (Marmarostoma) radiatus Gmelin, 1791

Herbert, David G., 2015, An annotated catalogue and bibliography of the taxonomy, synonymy and distribution of the Recent Vetigastropoda of South Africa (Mollusca), Zootaxa 4049 (1), pp. 1-98 : 71

Turbo (Marmarostoma) radiatus Gmelin, 1791

Turbo radiatus Gmelin, 1791: 3594 , no. 19. Type loc.: ‘ in mare rubro ’ [Red Sea]; location of type material unknown. Turbo spinosus Gmelin, 1791: 3594 , no. 24. Type loc.: ‘ in India ’; location of type material unknown. Turbo chrysostomus (non Linnaeus, 1758)— E.A. Smith, 1903a: 387. Barnard, 1963a: 211. Steyn & Lussi, 2005: 15, no. 20. Turbo (Marmarostoma) radiatus — Alf & Kreipl, 2003: 37, pls. 44–46.

Turbo (Marmarostoma) radiatus forma spinosus — Alf & Kreipl, 2003: 37, pl. 46.

Distribution. Primarily a western Indian Ocean species, extending south to central Zululand (Leven Point) and formerly also in Durban Bay; local material living primarily on shallow subtidal reefs to 25 m.

Notes. Alf & Kreipl (2003) concluded that the East African Turbo spinosus intergrades with typical T. radiatus from the Red Sea and regarded T. spinosus merely as a less strongly sculptured form of T. radiatus . Unlike Turbo chrysostomus Linnaeus, 1758 , material from south-eastern Africa lacks golden yellow coloration inside the aperture and the sculpture of the outer labral surface of the operculum is primarily granular, with at most traces of radial striae. Thus there can be little doubt that E.A. Smith’s record of T. chrysostomus from Durban ( E.A. Smith 1903a) was a misidentification.