Zapada kondratieffi, Chen, 2022

Chen, Zhi-Teng, 2022, Zapada (Plecoptera: Nemouridae), a stonefly genus new to the fauna of China, Zootaxa 5115 (4), pp. 559-570 : 561-568

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.6
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:46D7276F-20D1-413B-8BBC-52C47BFDCA7D
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6365356
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987C8-1E24-0826-FF6A-71BBFCD8B704
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Zapada kondratieffi
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Zapada kondratieffi View in CoL sp. nov.

Figs. 1–9 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9

Type material. Holotype male (ICJUST), Sichuan Province, Xiaojin County, Siguniangshan Town, Siguniang Mountain Scenic Area , an unnamed stream ( Fig. 1A–C View FIGURE 1 ), 30.9336°N, 102.8845°E, alt. 4100 m, 16.VII.2021, Zhi-Teng Chen leg. GoogleMaps Paratype: one male (ICJUST), same data as holotype GoogleMaps .

Etymology. The new species is named after Dr. Boris C. Kondratieff, who has made great contributions to Plecoptera science.

Description. Measurements. Holotype: BL = 6.0 mm; FL = 6.5 mm; HL = 5.0 mm. Paratype: BL = 6.0 mm; FL = 6.0 mm; HL = 5.0 mm.

Head. Head dark ( Figs. 2–3 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 ); two ocelli pale; compound eyes dark and protruding. Antennae dark brown, subequal in length to body. Mouthparts brown ( Figs 3–4 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 ), maxillary palp slender, apical segment similar to previous two segments; labial palp strongly shortened ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); apical segment oval in shape. Cervix with five identical finger-shaped, simple gills ( Fig. 4A–C View FIGURE 4 ); each lateral cervical sclerite with both inside and outside gills; an extra median gill present between lateral cervical sclerites.

Thorax. Thorax brown ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ). Pronotum subquadrate, surface brown with dark rugosities, corners obtuse; anterior margin truncate, posterior margin concave. Legs dark brown, distal ends of femur and tibia darker ( Figs. 2–3 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 ).

Wings. Macropterous ( Figs. 2–3 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 ), forewing membrane a translucent charcoal-gray, most cells with rounded pale spots; veins brown; margins of wings fringed with short bristles. Hindwings without spots. Both wing pairs with the X-structure typical of the family. In forewings, C strong and setose; h short and stout; Sc subapically nearly touching C, ScP joins RA before ra-rp; single crossvein present between C and Sc besides h; RA slightly curved, terminal costal crossvein joins RA after ra-rp; RP forked shortly after ra-rp; M forked basal to the fork of RP; joint of r-m and M interrupted; four to five crossveins present between M and CuA; six to seven crossveins present between CuA and CuP; CuP ended before half of wing length; cu-a present; AA1 sinuous, AA2 forked near midpoint. In hindwings, C, Sc, RA and RP similar to forewings; M forked distal to the fork of RP; m-cu and the single crossvein between CuA and CuP simple; CuP simple; anal area large and folded with five simple anal veins.

Abdomen. Abdominal segments 1‒7 pale brown, with medially interrupted anterior margins ( Figs. 2–3 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 ). Tergum 7 with a deep, subtriangular anterior notch ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ). Terga 8‒10 dark brown ( Fig. 5A–D View FIGURE 5 ), with complete anterior margins. Tergum 9 shortened, with slightly concave anterior margin ( Figs. 5A View FIGURE 5 , 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Tergum 10 strongly sclerotized, with a broad membranous median area ( Figs. 5A–D View FIGURE 5 , 6A–F View FIGURE 6 ), posterior margin protruded medially and fused with two subtriangular lateral sclerites. Cerci reduced into a small rounded knob ( Figs. 5–6 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 ); inner surface membranous, glabrous and concave; outer surface weakly sclerotized, covered with dense long spines; apex with a membranous circular area and a dark, stout apical spine.

Genitalia. Epiproct elongate-elliptical in both dorsal and ventral views ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 ), extending to the anterior edge of T10, two membranous apical lobes extended posteriad along lateral margins. Median part of dorsal sclerite of epiproct near inverted V-shaped ( Fig. 7A–B View FIGURE 7 ), anteriorly fused with ventral sclerite, posteriorly fused with paired lateral arms; lateral arms of dorsal sclerite directed obliquely and posteroventrally connected by a slender sclerite ( Fig. 7C–D View FIGURE 7 ). Ventral sclerite of epiproct anteriorly fused with dorsal sclerite ( Fig. 7E–F View FIGURE 7 ), gradually widened posteriad ( Fig. 7G–H View FIGURE 7 ), medially with a longitudinal suture which widened posteriad, posterolateral extensions curved anterodorsally. Basal sclerite of epiproct near semicircular in both dorsal and ventral views ( Fig. 7A, B, G, H View FIGURE 7 ), anteriorly with two small fusiform sclerites projecting anterolaterally ( Fig. 7 E–F View FIGURE 7 ), laterally expanded into two hookshaped arms beneath ventral sclerite of epiproct ( Fig. 7E–F View FIGURE 7 ). Vesicle of sternum 9 elliptical ( Fig. 8A–B View FIGURE 8 ), pedicel short and constricted, margins sclerotized; hypoproct broad and elliptical ( Fig. 8A–B View FIGURE 8 ), apex extended posteriad, forming a short median spine. Paraproct simple ( Fig. 8A, C, D View FIGURE 8 ), outer lobe broad, beneath outer margin with an isolated hemispherical knob; inner lobe vestigial, reduced into a small posterior protuberance along inner margin.

Diagnosis. The new species can be easily distinguished from its Nearctic congeners by presence of five simple cervical gills and vestigial inner paraproct lobes ( Baumann 1975, Baumann & Mingo 1987, Grubbs et al. 2015). It is closely related to the Asian Z. quadribranchiata ( Zhiltzova, 1977) by sharing reduced inner paraproct lobes but can be distinguished by the bilobed epiproct apex and absence of Y-shaped structure on ventral epiproct sclerite apart from the unique presence of an extra median cervical gill ( Zhiltzova 1977, Zhiltzova & Teslenko 2001).

Distribution. China: central Sichuan Province ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1 ).