Armatoglyptes, Kolbasov & Newman, 2005

Kolbasov, Gregory A. & Newman, William A., 2005, Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica,), including a new species from Bermuda, Zootaxa 1013 (1), pp. 35-64 : 47-52

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.1013.1.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:09072535-2701-4A27-AA94-0159EBE871E9
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987BB-FFA2-FFCA-FE8E-97F390139BCD
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Armatoglyptes
status	gen. nov.

Treatment

Armatoglyptes gen. nov.

( Figs. 5–8 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 )

Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892:133 View in CoL , in part.

Diagnosis: Lithoglyptinae having twosegmented caudal appendages without pedestals, an operculum without posterior processes (“auricles”), opercular bars with posterior projections, mantle with or without an orificial knob as well as lateral bars.

Etymology: from the Latin armatus – armed, in reference to the welldeveloped posterior projections of the opercular bars, and the Greek glyptes carver, in reference to affinities with the rock carver, Lithoglyptes .

The genus consists of nine species formerly included in Lithoglyptes s.l. and the new species from Bermuda described herein. They are A. balanodytes ( Kolbasov, 2000c) , A. cornutus ( Kolbasov, 2000d) , A. echinoideus ( Kolbasov, 2000f) , A. egorovi (Kolbasov, 1999) , A. habei ( Tomlinson, 1963) , A. mitis ( Tomlinson, 1969) , A. scamborachis ( Tomlinson, 1969) , A. stirni ( Turquier, 1987) , A. wilsoni ( Tomlinson, 1969) , and A. thomasi sp. nov.

Description: These species exhibit much morphological diversity, but share several unifying characters; 1) opercular bars of adult females that always have a pair of welldeveloped posterior projections, often covered by setae and teeth [the projections maybe straight in A. echinoideus , A. egorovi , and A. mitis ( Fig. 5 C View FIGURE 5 ), recurved (hooked posteriorly) in A. balanodytes , A. cornutus , and A. scamborachis ( Figs. 5 D View FIGURE 5 ; 6 B View FIGURE 6 ), or decurved (hooked anteriorly) in A. habei , A. stirni , A. wilsoni , and A. thomasi ( Figs. 5 A, B, E View FIGURE 5 ; 6 A View FIGURE 6 , 7 A–C View FIGURE 7 )], 2) an operculum (apertural lips) lacking posterior lobes or processes (“auricles”), and 3) the sides of operculum typical bearing prominent multifid scales without papillae scattered between them ( Fig. 6 C, D, E View FIGURE 6 ). The lateral bars may be feebly developed ( Figs. 5 A, B, D View FIGURE 5 ; 6 A View FIGURE 6 ) in A. egorovi , A. habei , A. mitis , and A. scamborachis , or absent ( Fig. 5 C, E View FIGURE 5 ; 7 A View FIGURE 7 ) in A. balanodytes , A. cornutus , A. echinoideus , A. stirni , A. wilsoni , and A. thomasi and a distinct orificial knob, armed with setae and teeth ( Figs. 5 A, B View FIGURE 5 ; 6 F View FIGURE 6 ) is present in A. mitis , and A. habei , but absent in A. balanodytes , A. cornutus , A. echinoideus , A. egorovi , A. scamborachis , A. stirni , A. wilsoni , and A. thomasi ( Figs. 5 C, D, E View FIGURE 5 ; 6 B View FIGURE 6 ; 7 B View FIGURE 7 ).

A teardropshaped attachment disk ( Figs. 5 A, E View FIGURE 5 ; 6 G View FIGURE 6 ) is present in all species. It bears transverse, curved growthlines, and is covered by dense cuticular extensions grouped into transverse rows in A. balanodytes , A. habei , A. mitis ( Fig. 6 I View FIGURE 6 ), but irregularly distributed in A. cornutus ( Fig. 6 G, H View FIGURE 6 ). A ”rostral” calcareous plate ( Fig. 5 A View FIGURE 5 ), covered by the cuticle of the attachment disk, has been described in A. habei and A. mitis ( Kolbasov, 1999a; Kolbasov & Høeg, 2000). It is quite possible that other species of the Armatoglyptes have a calcareous plate that was dissolved during extraction with acid from the substratum ( Fig. 6 G View FIGURE 6 ).

Caudal appendages ( Figs. 5 F, G View FIGURE 5 ; 6 J View FIGURE 6 ; 7 J View FIGURE 7 ) twosegmented but without pedestals. The basal segment bears onetwo simple setae, whereas the distal one bears a tuft of four plumose setae.

The dwarf males of Armatoglyptes , as well as those of Lithoglyptes s.s., lack a slender stalk between the mantle and the antennules seen in the males of Auritoglyptes . On the other hand, their form differs between species groups within the genus ( Fig. 5 D, I–H View FIGURE 5 ), and it may change during the maturation within a species ( Fig. 5 I, J View FIGURE 5 ). Generally the males are pearshaped ( A. balanodytes , A. habei , A. mitis , A. stirni , and A. wilsoni ) and the posterior end may be considerably elongated ( Fig. 5 J View FIGURE 5 ). Heartshaped dwarf males were described for A. cornutus , and A. scamborachis ( Fig. 5 D View FIGURE 5 ). The distinct apertural slit situated at the posterior end may be equipped with long and dense setiform denticles ( Fig. 6 L View FIGURE 6 ). The cuticle of the body is covered by characteristic small, sharp and densely arranged cuticular extensions ( Fig. 6 K View FIGURE 6 ).

Distribution: Mediterranean, Red Sea, Seychelles, Gulf of Aden, Persian Gulf, Maldives, Indonesia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Japan, NorthEastern Australia, Southern Australia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, Bermuda. Depth: from subtidal zone to 390 m.

Hosts: Corals – Caryophyllia cyathus , Distichopora nitida , Distichopora sp. , Errina aspera , Heliopora sp. , Lophelia pertusa , Madrepora occulata , Paracyathus pulchellus . Molluscs – bivalves Ostrea angasi , Pecten liridus , Spondylus sp. , Tridacna maxima , Tridacna sp. ; gastropods – Berylsma waitei , Bursa bubo , Bursa bufo , Bursa rubeta , Charonia sauliae , Conus vexillum , Cronia pseudamygdala , Dinassovica jourdani , Fasciolaria filamentosa, Fulgetrum sp., Hipponix sp. , Kelletia lischkei , Latirolagena smaragdula , Latirus polygonus , Mancinella alauina , Mancinella mancinella , Morula cavernosa , Plecuna lobata , Ricinula rubicunda , Siphonalia tasmaniensis , Tectus ochrolencus , Thais aperta , Thais tuberosa, Throchus incrassatus, Throchus obeliscus, Throchus pyramis , Throchus virgatus , Turbo argyrostoma , Turbo lajonkairi , Turbo marmorostoma crassus , Turbo petholatus , Turbo sp. , Xenogalea stadialus , Xenophora sp. ; Cirripedia – Megabalanus tintinnabulum s.l..