Hornschuchia myrtillus Nees

Vilela, Lucas & Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho, 2022, Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, European Journal of Taxonomy 828, pp. 75-108 : 94-96

Hornschuchia myrtillus Nees

Fig. 5

Flora 4 (1): 302 ( Nees 1821).

Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Ilhéus ”, “Str. v. C. F. B.” [“Strasse des Capitains Filisberto”, via Felisbertia]; Nov. 1816; M.A.P. z. Wied-Neuwied s.n.; holotype: BR [ BR0000006592400 ]!; isotypes: BR [ BR0000006593711 ]! (specimen from the herbarium collection of Martius), MEL [ MEL2123974 ]!, NY [ NY00026101 ]! (fragment) .

Material examined

BRAZIL – Bahia •“ Almadina: Rodovia de Almadina para Ibitupã, ca 20 km.Fazenda São Roque, ca 10 km da entrada do ramal ”; 14°38′27″ S, 39°42′47″ W; 12 Mar. 2005; P. Fiaschi 2743; CEPEC [ CEPEC00104051 ]!, MBM [ MBM321118 ]!, NY [ NY00886759 ]!, RB [ RB00484207 ]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 14°38′28″ S, 39°42′47″ W; 1 Feb. 2005; J.G. Jardim 4508; CEPEC [ CEPEC00112902 ]!, RB [ RB00495869 ] ! • “ Ilhéus ”, “ In sylvis udis ad fl. da Caxoeira et Ferradas in Ilheos . Provinciae Bahiensis ”; Dec. 1818; C.F.P. von Martius s.n.; M [ M0240085 ]!, M [ M0240087 ]!, M [ M0240086 ]! (label “Provinciae Rio d. J.” probably an error, see Johnson & Murray (1995)) • “ Itamarajú, Rodovia para São Paulinho ”; [16°56′03.2″ S, 39°34′05.6″ W]; 6 Apr. 1971; T.S. Santos 1569; CEPEC [ CEPEC00006771 ]!, NY [ NY00395814 ] ! • “ Itanhém, Estrada Itanhaém a Batinga, ca 16 km. Ramal a direita, dando acesso à Fazenda Pedra Grande, de Prop. de Etevaldo Rezende da Silva ”; 17°8′17″ S, 40°25′34″ W; 29 Dec. 2004; A.M. Amorim 4611; SPF!, CEPEC [ CEPEC00106981 ]!, NY [ NY01873567 ] ! • “ Prado, Km 21 da Rodovia Itamaraju-Prado ”; 17 Feb. 1994; J.R Pirani 2988; SPF!, NY [ NY00395815 ] ! • ibid.; 17°10′ S, 39°24′ W; 9 Feb. 1994; J.A. Kallunki et al. 465; CEPEC [ CEPEC00060979 ]!, K [ K001191165 ]!, NY [ NY00395779 ]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 17°9′41″ S, 39°23′57″ W; alt. 50 m; 19 Jul. 1996; R. Mello-Silva et al. 1171; SPF ! • “ Rodovia BA-284, trecho Prado/Itamaraju, ca 65 Km a NW de Prado ”; [17°00′29.8″ S, 39°36′18.2″ W]; 18 Oct. 1978; S.A. Mori 10658; CEPEC [ CEPEC00014741 ] ! • “ Santo Antônio de Jesus ” ( Varzedo *), “ Rodovia para São Miguel das Matas e Amargosa, 7km do trevo com a BR 101 ”; [12°58′32.1″ S, 39°20′30.4″]; alt. 40 m; 30 Jan. 1993; J.R. Pirani et al. 2701; NY [ NY00395812 ]!, NY [ NY00395811 ]!, SPF ! • “ São Miguel das Matas, Fazenda Rio Vermelho ”; [12°58′55.9″ S, 39°28′22.0″ W]; 25 Jun. 2003; G. Hatschbach 75700; MBM [ MBM284437 ] ! • “ Minas Gerais ” (Bahia*), “ Salto da Divisa ” ( Itagimirim *), “ Estação Repetidora de Salto da Divisa , 1.9 km a S de Salto da Divisa/Itagimirim, 7.1Km a E de Salto da Divisa ”; 16°01′43″ S, 39°55′17″ W; alt. 495 m; 31 Jan. 2004; W.W. Thomas 13723; CEPEC [ CEPEC00103254 ]!, NY [ NY01091758 ] !. – Espírito Santo • “ Linhares, BR-101, Km. 122, N of Linhares, Reserva Florestal do CVRD, Estrada Farinha Seca, Km 3, S side of road. ”; ca 19°20′ S, 40°3′ W; 20 Jan. 1993; J.A. Kallunki 356; MBM [ MBM181236 ]!, NY [ NY00395813 ]!, SPF ! • ibid., “ RFL-001/80 bloco E, trat.02 ”; 14 Feb. 2007; G.S. Siqueira 307; SPF ! • ibid.; 19°11′ S, 39°54′ W; alt. 30 m; 8 May 2009; P.J.M. Maas 9853; NY [ NY02699054 ]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 19°11′07.3″ S, 39°55′23.8″ W; alt. 23 m; 25 Nov. 2009; A. Lobão et al. 1531; SAMES [ SAMES00219 ]!, SPF!, VIES [ VIES024741 ] ! • ibid.; 27 Dec. 1999; D.A. Folli 3540; SPF!, RB [ RB00484652 ] ! • ibid.; 19°11′10.9″ S, 39°54′50.3″ W; alt. 16 m; 3 Dec. 2010; J.C. Lopes et al. 122; MBML [ MBML049129 ]!, RB [ RB00755525 ]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 19°11′12.1″ S, 39°54′53.4″ W; alt. 32 m; 3 Dec. 2010; J.C. Lopes et al. 147; RB [ RB00755518 ]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 19°11′13.3″ S, 39°54′49.6″ W; alt. 44 m; 3 Dec. 2010; J.C. Lopes et al. 364; SPF ! • “ Pinheiros, Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado ”; 18°22′12″ S, 40°8′39″ W; 24 Jan. 2011; A.O. Giaretta 916; SAMES [ SAMES01774 ] ! • ibid.; 18°22′12″ S, 40°8′39″ W; 18 Dec. 2010; T.L. Rocha 93; SAMES [ SAMES00220 ] ! • ibid., “ Ponte do Paraju ”; alt. 72 m; 17 Jun. 2002; L.S. Leoni 5846; RB [ RB01178314 ]!, SPF !.

Description

Shrubs or trees, 0.3–6 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 0.5–4 mm long, lamina 4.9–12.5 × 2–5 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, obovate or rarely lanceolate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface glabrous to glabrescent, adaxial surface glabrous, base asymmetric, acute, decurrent or cuneate, apex acuminate, acute, attenuate or obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 7–12 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 40– 60°. Inflorescence one-flowered, axillary, supra-axillary, terminal or 2–12-flowered, flagelliflorous, inflorescence branches ramified, 10–100 cm long, running near the soil, bracts persistent, 1.5–6.9 × 0.6–2.8 cm. Flowers with pedicel 7–37 mm long, flower buds 3–8 × 1–3 mm, cylindrical with obtuse apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 1–3 × 1–4 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white, 7–14 mm long, glabrous to glabrescent at the apex and densely covered at the base in trichomes, stamens 6, 2–3.5 × 0.5 mm, carpels 3–4, 3.5–4 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–2, fusiform to ellipsoid, 14–40 × 3–5 mm, glabrous to glabrescent, green in vivo, stipe 2–3 mm long, calyx persistent. Seeds 1–2, set of seeds with the same shape as the monocarp, fitting obliquely, 9–12 × 4–5.5 mm, with aril.

Distribution and habitat

Hornschuchia myrtillus occurs in Bahia and Espírito Santo, with a single collection close to the border between Minas Gerais and Bahia. In Bahia, it occurs in lowland tropical moist forest and in seasonal semideciduous forest ( Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas & Barbosa 2008), in Espírito Santo, in tabuleiro forest ( Peixoto et al. 2008; Fig. 5 ).

Phenology

Flowering from January to December, fruiting from February to December.

Conservation status

Vulnerable, B2ab(ii,iii) ( Moraes et al. 2020).

Notes

The type locality of H. myrtillus is the same as H. bryotrophe , see note under the latter.

The description of H. myrtillus has been updated ( Johnson & Murray 1995) to include information from the several new collections made in the last 27 years, such as plant size, variation in the inflorescence and fruit dimensions. The inflorescence in H. myrtillus can be either axillary, supra-axillary to terminal with one flower or flagelliflorous, inflorescence branched into axes 10–100 cm long, running near the soil, and 2–12-flowered. These two types of inflorescences have been found in the same individual ( Lopes & Mello-Silva 2014). When with single-flowered inflorescence, H. myrtillus is similar to H. alba , see note under the latter to differentiate the two species. The individuals with flagelliflory resemble H. polyantha . However, H. myrtillus has a calyx densely covered in trichomes (vs glabrescent) and inflorescence with persistent bracts (vs caducous bracts).

Figures

Fig. 5. Geographical distribution of Hornschuchia mediterranea Mello-Silva & D.M.Johnson, H. myrtillus Nees and H. obliqua Maas & Setten. Abbreviations: BA = Bahia; ES = Espírito Santo.