Augiades vespasius bicolor ( Mabille & Boullet, 1919 ) Siewert & Lemes & Mielke & Casagrande, 2022

Siewert, Ricardo Russo, Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2022, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical Augiades Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), Zootaxa 5105 (2), pp. 237-252 : 249-250

Augiades vespasius bicolor ( Mabille & Boullet, 1919) comb. nov.

( Figs 1K–N , 3G–I )

Lignyostola crinisus var. bicolor Mabille & Boullet, 1919 . Ann. Sc. nat., Zool., Paris, (10)2: 243, 244; 2 females, Brazil, Nouvelle Grenade [Colombia], Coll. Mus. Paris [ MNHN] ; 6 males, 6 females Guyane Holl., Suriname and Guyane francaise, Coll. Boullet [ MNHN] ; 6 ex. [specimens] types et var. Guyane francaise, Suriname, Coll. Mab.

Augiades epimethea bicolor ; Evans, 1952. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 2, p. 28.—Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 1, p. 16; 2, p. 4.—K. Brown, 1987. An. Pr i m. Simp. Pantanal, Brasília, p. 166.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 1, p. 25; 2, p. 2.—Bridges, 1994. Cat. Fam.-Group, Gen.-Group, Sp. Group Nam. Hesp. (Lep.) World 8, p. 30; 9, p. 7.—Orellana; Warren & Mielke, 2002. Entomotropica 17: 107.—Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 32, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea Papilionoidea , in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A.— Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 2, p. 182.—Gareca et al., 2006, in Gareca & Reichle. Marip. diurn. Bolivia, p. 12.—Palo Jr., 2017. Borboletas do Brasil Vol.3 Hesperiidae, 1755 , 2291.—Mielke; Carneiro & Casagrande, 2012. Acta Amaz. 42 (2): 253.— Li et al., 2019. PNAS 116(13): 2, appendix 12, 31.

(no name) bicolor; Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 95.

(no name) Raymond, 1982. Marip. Venezuela, pl. 9 fig. 15 (d, v).

Augiades epimethea ; González M. & Andrade-C., 2008. Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. 32 (124): 432.

Type material. According to the original description, Lignyostola crinisus var. bicolor Mabille & Boullet, 1919 was apparently described based on two females from Brazil and Colombia in the MNHN, six males and six females from Suriname and French Guiana in the Boullet collection, and six unsexed specimens from French Guiana and Suriname in the Mabille collection, although it is not clear if those figures correspond to a mixed lot, including both “typical” crinisus and var. bicolor . However, no syntypes of L. crinisus var. bicolor were found in the MNHN collection, where the Mabille and Boullet material is housed ( R. Rougerie, pers. comm.). On the other hand, there is a male specimen, clearly referable to bicolor, in NHMUK, which was part of Mabille’s collection and was later (in 1923) acquired by René Oberthür and afterwards went to the NHMUK in 1931. This male bears a handwritten label in Mabille’s handwriting reading “ var. bicolor / Mab. et B.” and another stating “crinisus / var. / Santarem”, and was regarded by Evans (1952: 28) as a “type”. Aiming to establish the correct identity of the species, this male specimen is hereby designated as the lectotype of Lignyostola crinisus var. bicolor and the following labels will be attached: / Lectotypus / Lectotypus Lignyostola crinisus var. bicolor Mabille & Boullet, 1919 Siewert, Lemes, Mielke & Casagrande det. 2020/.

Diagnosis. FW length: males 23–25 mm (n=15) and females 25–26 mm (n=2). Males of Augiades vespasius bicolor have a similar HW pattern to that of A. crinisus , but the hyaline spots on the FW are present in the latter and absent in A. v. bicolor . Other genitalic characters that differentiate both species are described in the diagnosis of A. crinisus . Females of A. v. bicolor have VHW with yellow-orange discal and postdiscal area with remnants of a brown band in the postdiscal area, different to the other Augiades .

Distribution. Augiades vespasius bicolor occurs in Amazonia, with records from French Guiana, Surinam, Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia, and North Brazil ( Fig. 5 ). Evans (1952) cites a doubtful location for this subspecies in Pernambuco ( Brazil) which we did not include in the map.

Taxonomic discussion. After its description, Evans (1952: 28) interpreted Lignyostola crinisus var. bicolor Mabille & Boullet, 1919 as a subspecies of Augiades epimethea . The male genitalic morphology of A. v. bicolor ( Fig. 3G–I ) is most similar to A. v. vespasius ( Fig. 3D–F ), and therefore we maintain the subspecific status of this taxon.

Examined material. PERU: Loreto — Iquitos, Momón River , IX.2009, 1 female, J. Hernandez leg., DZ 45.696 ( DZUP) .

FRENCH GUIANA: Roura — Montagne des Chevaux , 19.IX.2009, 1 male, DZ 44.686 ( DZUP) .

BRAZIL: Amazonas — Barcelos, Rio Aracá, Foz do Rio Curuduri , 0º05’50’’S 63º17’22’’W, 15–19.VI.2010, 2 males and 1 female, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 49.818, DZ 49.819, DZ 40.772 ( DZUP) ; Manaus, Reserva Ducke , 10–13.VIII.2010, 1 male, Dias & Bonfantti leg., DZ 45.746 ( DZUP) . Acre — Bujari , 50 Km NO, 200 m, 10–12.IX.2004, 2 males, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 45.337, DZ 45.347 ( DZUP) ; Porto Acre, Reserva Humaitá , 200 m, 8–10.IX.2004, 12 males, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 45.756, DZ 45.766, DZ 45.776, DZ 45.786, DZ 45.796, DZ 45.806, DZ 45.816, DZ 45.826, DZ 45.257, DZ 45.267, DZ 45.277, DZ 45.287 ( DZUP) ; Senador Guiomard, Reserva Catuaba , 200 m, 2–5.IX.2004, 4 males, 1, 3–5.X.2006, 3 males, 6–7.X.2006, 2 males, 23– 27.VII.2008, 3 males, 16, 18–21.VII.2019, 1 male, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 45.297, DZ 45.307, DZ 45.317, DZ 45.327, DZ 49.878, DZ 49.879, DZ 49.880, DZ 49.876, DZ 49.877, DZ 49.871, DZ 49.872, DZ 49.873, DZ 49.827 ( DZUP) ; 27.VIII–5.IX.2011, 7 males, D. Dolibaina & D. Moura leg., DZ 49.881, DZ 49.882, DZ 49.883, DZ 49.886, DZ 49.887, DZ 49.888, DZ 49.899 ( DZUP) . Roraima — Boa Vista, 10 Km E, 12.XI.1979, 1 male, Gifford leg., ex-coll. Gifford, DZ 45.676 ( DZUP) . Pará — Acará, Alça Viária , 7.VII.2008, 1 male, Jauffret leg., DZ 45.726 ( DZUP) ; Benevides, Neópolis , 23–24.XI.2004, 1 male, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 45.736 ( DZUP) ; Santo Antônio de Tauá, Reserva Sonho Azul , 4.XII.2004, 1 female, 18.XII.2006, 1 male, P. Jauffret leg., DZ 45.706, DZ 45.716 ( DZUP) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Species of Augiades in dorsal and ventral views. A–D. A. crinisus: (A–B) male (Brazil, Bahia, Camacan, Reserva Serra Bonita, DZ 46.026), (C–D) female (Brazil, Amazonas, Fonte Boa, ex coll. Emery, DZ 46.059). E–J. A. vespasius vespasius: (E–F) neotype male (Brazil, Espírito Santo, Linhares, DZ 45.497), (G–H) female (Brazil, Espírito Santo, Linhares, DZ 45.567), (I–J) female variety (Brazil, São Paulo, Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo). K–N. A. vespasius bicolor: (K–L) male (Brazil, Roraima, 10 km E. Boa Vista, DZ 45.676), (M–N) female (Brazil, Amazonas, Barcelos, RioAracá, Foz do Rio Curuduri, DZ 40.772).

FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Augiades species. A–C. A. crinisus (Peru, Madre de Dios, Parque Manu, Patizka, DZ 5.096) in (A) Lateral view of tegumen, saccus, uncus and gnathos and lateral view of valva; (B) Dorsal view of tegumen, uncus and gnathos; and (C) Lateral view of aedeagus. D–F. A. vespasius vespasius (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Imbariê, DZ 45.925). G–I. A. vespasius bicolor (Brazil, Acre, Senador Guiomard, Reserva Catuaba, DZ 45.307).

FIGURE 5. Geographic distribution of Augiades species.