Dendropaemon (Coprophanaeoides) carinifer Génier & Arnaud, 2016

François Génier & Patrick Arnaud, 2016, Dendropaemon Perty, 1830: taxonomy, systematics and phylogeny of the morphologically most derived phanaeine genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, Phanaeini), Zootaxa 4099 (1) : 9-11

2. Dendropaemon (Coprophanaeoides) carinifer Génier & Arnaud , new species

( Figs. 2 , 42–43, 111, 156)

Type locality. MA-10, Pedrinhas, Maranhão, Brazil.

Diagnosis. The long elytral pilosity combined with the sharply carinate lateral edge of the pronotal lateral depressions will separate D. carinifer from most other in the genus. The much less pilose dorsum, especially the glabrous eighth elytral interval will separate it from D. pilosissimus and the simply broadly arcuate clypeal edge will distinguish it from D. furtadoi . Finally, it can be separated from its sibling species D. cribrosus by the distinctly less punctate pronotal disc. In D. carinifer there is at most 25 (usually 10 to 12) non confluent large setiferous punctures on disc as in D. cribrosus there is at least twice that many confluent punctures. Additionally, the clypeal pilosity is much reduced in D. carinifer and in most cases completely absent, when present, only few setae are set on each side of midline in front of the clypeofrontal tubercle. In D. cribrosus , the pilosity is present on most of the surface and the surface anterior to the clypeofrontal tubercle present minute setiferous granules as opposed to large transverse rugulae similar to the remaining surface in D. carinifer .

Description. Male holotype ( Fig. 2 ). Body. Body moderately large, length 11.5 mm, maximum width 6.5 mm; body subrectangular in dorsal view; dorsum slightly convex. Color. Dorsal surface dark brown to black, glossy, with green metallic sheen; head black along anterior edge of clypeus, metallic green on remaining surface; pronotum with green metallic sheen; elytra with uniform green metallic sheen; ventrum with faint greenish metallic sheen; pygidium with green metallic sheen; legs with coppery and greenish metallic sheen on femora and tibiae. Head. Clypeus broadly arcuate, anterior portion slightly upturned; clypeal teeth acutely triangular; clypeal median emargination v-shaped, clypeal edge acutely notched on external side of each clypeal tooth, clypeal teeth ventral surface lacking carina, clypeal margin ill-defined, lacking sharp carina posteriorly, clypeal surface with transverse blunt rugulae; clypeogenal suture well-defined, bluntly carinate internally; genal surface with small and blunt irregular tubercles, lacking distinct transverse carina, simply convex; clypeofrontal carina rather low, approximately 4 times wider than high, slightly arcuate in dorsal view, simply carinate, clypeofrontal carina apical edge straight in frontal view; eyes large in dorsal view, interocular ratio 3.1.

Pronotum. Pronotum transverse in dorsal view, pronotal width/length ratio 1.6; disc of pronotum minutely punctate basally with some scattered large setiferous puncture medially, with dense squamose punctation anteriorly, with an ill-defined shallow longitudinal depression on posterior half; pronotal anterior margin unmodified lateral to eye; anterior portion with a slightly tri-sinuous carina notched medially; anterior angles surface finely granulate, similar to lateral margin along posterior edge of anterior margin; lateral fossae oval, bordered laterally by a sharp carina and anteriorly by a blunt tubercle; lateral portions strongly explanate; pronotal basal fossae ill-defined, slightly concave; posterior margin well-defined and crenulate, with several long setae. Elytra. Elytra approximately as long as wide in dorsal view, elytral combined width/length ratio 1.2; elytral base distinctly marginate; elytral striae 1–4 moderately wide basally and fine apically, evenly impressed throughout, elytral striae 5 similar to 4 on disc, strial punctures fine, well-defined and setiferous, adjacent strial edge encroaching on interval, stria 1 weakly impressed apically, going straight to elytral apical margin; interstriae slightly convex, minutely punctate and with few larger setiferous punctures along striae, surface glossy. Thoracic sterna. Proepisternal carina absent; metasternal median lobe angularly produced anteromedially, ventral ridge well-defined, y-shaped. Legs. Profemur posterior surface flat and glabrous internally, posterointernal margin rather thin, uneven, internal edge rather wide, with a contiguous row of setae along anterointernal edge and few scattered long setae on anterior half, remaining surface smooth. Protibia with four teeth on lateral edge; internal basal angle bluntly lobate; anterior surface with long aligned row of setae internally, surface glossy or feebly microsculptured between punctures; posterior surface with some ill-defined irregular punctures externally to median carina, surface glossy between punctures, with a single interrupted setal row along lateral teeth. Mesofemur angularly produced on anterointernal edge apically. Mesotibia rather short, gradually widening toward apex in anterior view; anteroapical edge slightly sinuate in anterior view, anteroapical row of setae complete; apicoanterior edge circularly indented internally; external edge more or less rounded, with several large elongate setiferous punctures. Mesotarsus similar in shape to metatarsus, 3-segmented, first segment moderately elongate, approximately two times as long as wide at apex. Metafemur elongate, internal and lateral edges mostly parallel in ventral view, more than twice as long as wide, lacking distinct depressed area anterointernally before apex, apicoposterior edge unmodified, anterior surface with an irregular fine sulcus medially. Metatibia rather slender, gradually widening toward apex in anterior view, anterior surface with distinct row of setae, surface glossy, metatibial posterior surface flat between longitudinal row of setae and lateral edge, with ill-defined microsculpture. Metatarsus 3-segmented ( Fig. 111 ), first segment moderately elongate, approximately two times as long as wide at apex, with anterointernal carina well defined and almost reaching apical edge. Abdominal sternites. Sternites 3–6 longitudinally flat; sternites 4–6 with 1–3 unaligned rows of setae laterally, narrowly glabrous medially; sternite 7 approximately longitudinally flat medially, shorter than segment 6 along midline; pygidium finely punctate on disc. Male genitalia (Figs. 42–43). Parameres simply rounded apically in dorsal view; surface smooth, glossy apically.

Measurements (10 males, 12 females). Length: male 11.0–12.5 (11.7±.5), female 10.5–13.5 (12.2±0.9) mm.

Primary type data. Holotype male (CEMT): [02/IX/1987 / BR-MA-Pedrinhas/ armadilha luninosa/ Ma-10/ Bergmann, E col.] handwritten; WORLD/ SCARAB./ DATABASE/ WSD00017508]; [HOLOTYPE / Dendropaemon / carinifer n.sp. / Génier & Arnaud, 2014] red card.

Material examined. BRAZIL: BAHIA, Cândido Sales, (15°30'18''S, 41°14'20''W), xii.2012, coll. P. Wagner— 1 female (paratype) ( CEMT); CEARÁ, Chapada do Araripe, (7°20'S, 40°0'W), 5.iv.1962, coll. D. Zajciw— 3 females (incl. 3 paratypes) ( MNRJ); Parque Botânico do Ceará, Caucaia, (3°42'43''S, 38°38'45''W), 27.ii.2006, coll. F.A. Nunes— 2 males (incl. 2 paratypes) (MEFEIS); MARANHÃO, Base da Geraldina, Parque Estadual Mirador, Mirador, (6°22.2'S, 44°21.8'W), 20–24.xii.2006, coll. F. Limeira-de-Oliveira— 1 female (paratype) ( CEMT); same locality, 20–22.iv.2007, coll. F. Limeira-de-Oliveira— 1 female (paratype) ( CEMT); same locality, 22.ii.–1.iii.2009, coll. M.B. Aguilar-Neto & J.A. Holanda— 1 male (paratype) ( CPFA); same locality, 30.vii.–6.viii.2011, coll. F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, T.T.A. Silva & A.A. Santos— 1 female (paratype) ( CEMT); Base do Mosquito, Parque Estadual Mirador, Mirador, 4–8.ii.2011, coll. F. Limeira-de-Oliveira— 1 female (paratype) ( CEMT); Pedrinhas, (2°37'25''S, 44°13'28''W), 11.iii.1987, coll. E.C. Bergmann— 1 male (paratype) (MEFEIS); same locality, 2.ix.1987, coll. E. Bergmann— 1 male (holotype) ( CEMT); Pedrinhas, Isla São Luís, (2°37'25''S, 44°13'28''W), 20.vii.1984, coll. E.C. Bergmann— 1 male (paratype) ( CEMT); same locality, 25.vii.1984, coll. E.C. Bergmann— 1 female allotype (MEFEIS); same locality, 28.viii.1984, coll. E.C. Bergmann— 1 female (paratype) (MEFEIS); same locality, 7.v.1987, coll. E.C. Bergmann— 1 male (paratype) ( CEMT); Posto Avançado do Mel, Parque Estadual Mirador, Mirador, (6°43'50''S, 44°58'59''W), 2–8.iv.2011, coll. F. Limeira-de-Oliveira,G.A. Reis & M.S. Oliveira— 1 male (paratype) ( CEMT); same locality, 30–31.v.2011, coll. F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, A.A. Santos & T.T.A. Silva— 2 females, 4 males (incl. 6 paratypes) ( CEMT); Reserva Ecológica do Inhamum, Caxias, (4°52'S, 43°22'W), 5–7.vi.2009, coll. E.A. Barbosa & M.B. Aguliar-Neto— 1 female (paratype) ( CEMT).

Etymology. Carinifer , an adjective relating to the sharply carinate lateral edge of the pronotal lateral depressions.

Natural history. Half of the specimens were collected using black light traps. Two specimens were collected in closed tree forest (mata tabuleiro) and two others in mangrove areas. A single specimen was collected in a pitfall trap baited with decaying fish in a mangrove area.

Remarks. Slight variation aside the extent of the black marking on the pronotum. Some individuals only have the marginal area with green metallic sheen. A female present some coppery sheen along the median longitudinal pronotal sulcus. Females can be separated from males by their slightly wider anteromedian pronotal carina which lack the medially notched transverse tubercle and the more widely glabrous sternites 4–6. Two female specimens from Chapada de Aripe (Ceará) have wider and straighter carina, in these specimens the edges of the anterior pronotal carina in line with the lateral edge of the eyes.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. Dorsal habitus. 1. D. bluti, male holotype; 2. D. carinifer, male holotype; 3. D. compressipennis, male holotype; 4. D. cribrosus, male holotype; 5. D. furtadoi, male holotype; 6. D. hirticollis, female holotype.

FIGURES 110 – 117. Metatarsus, ventral view. 110. D. bluti; 111. D. carinifer; 112. D. aenigmaticus; 113. D. amazonicus; 114. D. angustulus; 115. D. viridis; 116. D. viridipennis; 117. D. convexus.