Xiphophorus maculatus (Günther)

Chan, Jeffery C. F., Tsang, Alphonse H. F., Yau, Sze-man, Hui, Tommy C. H., Lau, Anthony, Tan, Heok Hui, Low, Bi Wei, Dudgeon, David & Liew, Jia Huan, 2023, The non-native freshwater fishes of Hong Kong: diversity, distributions, and origins, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 71, pp. 128-168 : 151

Xiphophorus maculatus (Günther)

Distribution. Wong Lung Hang Stream, Tan Shan River, Sam Dip Tam Stream, Kau Lung Hang Lo Wai Stream, Fung Yuen Stream ( Tsang & Dudgeon, 2021a); Tai Po Tsai area, Deep Water Bay area (H.T. Cheng, pers. comm., 2021); Shui Hau Stream (current survey).

Native range. Central and South America.

Remarks. Breeding populations (wild-type) have been found only in the Tan Shan River, while other populations comprised only of freshly released ornamental variants. These fish are usually sold as live fish food but have also been sold for use in Buddhist release rituals.

Distribution. Lam Tsuen River ( Chan, 2011; current survey) Shuen Wan area, Wang Tong River, Sha Lo Wan Stream ( Chan, 2001); Fung Yuen area (Mouchel Asia Limited, 2002); Tai Po Tsai area (Allied Environmental Consultants Limited, 2004); Luk Tei Tong River (Maunsell Consultants Asia Limited, 2005a); Lung Mei area (Halcrow China Limited, 2007); Ping Yuen River (Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Limited, 2007); Tei Lung Hau area (Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Limited, 2011); Fanling area (Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Limited, 2013b); Tai O River (Atkins China Limited, 2016); Lai Chi Wo area ( So, 2019); Sung Shan New Village area, Ha Che area (Atkins China Limited, 2020); Sha Lo Tung Stream, Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, Shap Long Irrigation Reservoir (AFCD, 2021c; current study); Pak Ngan Heung Stream, Pui O Stream, Wong Lung Hang Stream, Tai Tei Tong Stream, Ngong Ping Stream, Shek Kong Stream (DSD, 2021); Lion’s Nature Education Centre, Tung Tsz Stream, Mui Tsz Lam Stream, Ha Wo Hang area, Ng Tung River, Tung Ma To Stream (GBIF.org, 2021); Tung Chung River ( Green Power, 2021; current survey); Little Hawaii Stream, Ho Chung River, Tai Chung Hau Stream, Tai Mong Tsai Stream, Hoi Ha Stream, Tai Tung Wo Liu Stream, Pak Tin area (Tai Wai), Yuen