Parnisa Stål, 1862

Sanborn, Allen F., Gonzaga, Luiz P. & Takiya, Daniela M., 2024, A new cicada (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) species from Brazil with a detailed description of the genus Parnisa Stål, 1862 and key to the known species, Zootaxa 5538 (1), pp. 33-44 : 40-41

Key to the genus Parnisa Stål, 1862

The only previous key to include species of Parnisa is the key to genera and list of species in Distant (1906). There are no species diagnostic characters in Distant’s (1906) key. In addition, more than a 40% of known species have been described since that time. The key is applicable to both sexes.

1 Fore wing with radial and radiomedial crossveins infuscated................................... P. infuscata sp. nov.

- Fore wing with radial and radiomedial crossveins not infuscated................................................ 2

2 Wing span greater than 33 mm ........................................................................... 3

- Wing span less than 33 mm ............................................................................. 9

3 Wing span less than 40 mm ............................................................................. 4

- Wing span greater than 40 mm ........................................................................... 7

4 Body length about 16 mm, wing span about 37 mm, body green with orange-red ventral abdomen, currently known from Brazil...................................................................... P. haemorrhagica Jacobi, 1904

- Body length variable, coloration not as above............................................................... 5

5 Wing span less than 36 mm, body red with green on head and thorax, postclypeus with longitudinal piceous fasciae, dorsal head with transverse piceous fascia, mesonotum with piceous obconical marks in anterior submedian sigillae, piceous fasciae in lateral sigillae, and transverse piceous fascia between scutal depressions and anterior ends of anterior arms of cruciform elevation, abdominal segments deep red with transverse piceous fasciae along anterior tergites, currently known from Brazil.................................................................................... P. protracta Uhler, 1903

- Not as above......................................................................................... 6

6 Wing span 38 mm or less, body length 12–15 mm, piceous fascia on either side of dorsal pronotal midline, mesonotum lateral sigillae piceous, piceous marks on dorsolateral abdominal tergites forming a pair of longitudinal fasciae, currently known from Brazil.......................................................................... P. fraudulenta ( Stål, 1862)

- Wing span greater than 38 mm, body length 14.8–16 mm, dorsal pronotum and mesonotum ground color marked with red but without piceous markings, if present, dorsolateral abdominal markings form incomplete fasciae not reaching posterior abdomen, currently known from Brazil.............................................. P. designata ( Walker, 1858a)

7 Costal margin red, currently known from Brazil....................................... P. designata ( Walker, 1858a)

- Costal margin green (may fade to tawny).................................................................. 8

8 Ratio of fore wing length to width greater than 2.75, fore wing apical cell 2 slightly longer than apical cell 1, hind wing margin extending almost to distal end of fore wing apical cell 8, currently known from Brazil......... P. demittens ( Walker, 1858b)

- Ratio of fore wing length to width less than 2.75, fore wing apical cell 2 same length as apical cell 1, hind wing margin extending about half the length of fore wing apical cell 8, currently known from Brazil....... P. proponens ( Walker, 1858b)

9 Body length less than 10 mm, head and thorax castaneous marked with piceous, abdomen tawny, currently known from Venezuela................................................................ P. castanepronotum Sanborn, 2020

- Body length 10 mm or greater, coloration not as above....................................................... 10

10 Monochromatic green, currently known from Argentina.............................. P. viridis Sanborn & Heath, 2014

- Body coloration not monochromatic green................................................................ 11

11 Body length 10 mm, ferruginous head, mesothorax, anterior abdominal tergites, and venter, known from Venezuela......................................................................................... P. licina Sanborn, 2020

- Body length greater than 10.5 mm, coloration not as above................................................... 12

12 Abdominal tergites with distinct ridge along midline, testaceous head and thorax, tawny abdomen with transverse testaceous fascia on anterior of tergites, extended posteriorly on either side of midline forming a pair of longitudinal fasciae on dorsal abdomen, body length 11–11.5 mm, known from Brazil..................................... P. angulata Uhler, 1903

- Not as above........................................................................................ 13

13 Body coloration castaneous or ferruginous, costal vein bright red, known from Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela.......................................................................................... P. moneta ( Germar, 1834)

- Body coloration testaceous, costal vein not red............................................................. 14

14 Fore wing length of male 11.6–13.6 mm and female 14.0 mm, fore wing width of male 4.5–5.3 mm and female 4.9 mm, transverse piceous fascia on head and anterior abdominal tergites, distinct ridge along dorsal midline of abdominal tergites, known from Argentina................................................... P. lineaviridia Sanborn & Heath, 2014

- Fore wing length of male 14.35 mm and female 13.8–14.7 mm, fore wing width of male 5.05 mm and female 5.0– 5.4 mm, head marking reduced, no transverse abdominal fascia, some specimens with longitudinal markings on either side of abdominal dorsal midline, dorsal abdominal tergites lack distinct ridge, known from Bolivia.......... P. santacruzensis Sanborn, 2019