Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932

Andersen, Trond, Saether, Ole A. & Mendes, Humberto F., 2010, Neotropical Allocladius Kieffer, 1913 and Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932 (Diptera: Chironomidae) 2472, Zootaxa 2472 (1), pp. 1-77 : 25-26

Key to the males of Neotropical Pseudosmittia Edwards

1. Inferior volsella placed close to apex of gonocoxite, sharply triangular with flap-like accessory lobe underneath; gonostylus attenuate; anal point absent or represented by fold; postcubital fork present ( Figs 77–79 ) ......................... ........................................................................................................................................... P. brachydicrana (Edwards)

– Inferior volsella not placed close to apex of gonocoxite; gonostylus less attenuate; anal point present or absent; postcubital fork present or absent ........................................................................................................................................ 2

2. Anal point hyaline; region between inferior and superior volsellae sclerotized along inner margin ( Figs 134–135 ).... ................................................................................................................................................................ P. lamasi sp. n.

– Anal point present or absent, when present, microtrichiose; region between inferior and superior volsellae never sclerotized along inner margin...................................................................................................................................... 3

3. Superior volsella absent or consisting of basal swelling of inner margin of gonocoxite; inferior volsella bulge-like to long and curved; median volsella absent; anal point well developed ........................................................................... 4

– Superior volsella digitiform, inferior volsella variable, but not bulge-like; median volsella present, often divided; anal point absent to well developed ............................................................................................................................ 14

4. Palp reduced with palpomeres 2–5 subequal in length ................................................................................................. 5

– Palpomeres not reduced ................................................................................................................................................ 6

5. Transverse sternapodeme un-sclerotized; crista dorsalis well developed, apical; costa not extended; R 4+5 ending proximal to the apex of Cu 1 ( Figs 157–159 ) ............................................................................................... P. palpina sp. n.

– Transverse sternapodeme sclerotized; crista dorsalis not evident; costal extension 68–94 µm long; R 4+5 ending distal to the apex of Cu 1 ( Figs 71–73 ) .......................................................................................................... P. amorimi sp. n.

6. R 4+5 ending distal to M 3+4; penis cavity sclerotized ( Figs 163–165 )..................................................... P. paulista sp. n.

– R 4+5 ending proximal to M 3+4; penis cavity generally not sclerotized (except for P. windwardensis from which it can be differentiated as the costa is extended in the latter) ................................................................................................. 7

7. Virga with lateral lamellae; inferior volsella weak, adpressed; superior volsella with strong orally directed microtrichia ................................................................................................................................................................................ 8

– Virga without lateral lamellae; inferior volsella well developed; superior volsella absent or without conspicuously strong microtrichia ........................................................................................................................................................ 9

8. Gonostylus without outer corner ( Fig. 140 )...................................................................................... P. lamellata sp. n.

– Gonostylus with pronounced outer corner ( Figs 185–187 ) .................................................................... P. tropis sp. n.

9. Virga strong, composed of two strong spines, longer than half the length of phallapodeme; postcubital fork absent; R 4+5 ending proximal to apex of Cu 1 ( Figs 91–93 )............................................................................... P. carioca sp. n.

– Virga strong or weak, generally shorter than half the length of phallapodeme, when longer, postcubital fork present; R 4+5 ending distal or opposite to apex of Cu 1 ............................................................................................................. 10

10. Postcubital fork absent; anal point absent or barely indicated.................................................................................... 11

– Postcubital fork present; anal point well developed ................................................................................................... 13

11. Virga consisting of a single plate-like spine ( Fig. 153 ) ............................................................................ P. nana sp. n.

– Virga consisting of two distinct spines........................................................................................................................ 12

12. Inferior volsellae posterior on gonocoxite ( Figs 205–206 )................................................. P. windwardensis (Saether)

– Inferior volsellae not posterior on gonocoxite ( Figs 171–172 ).............................................................. P. pinhoi sp. n.

13. Third palpomere with apical projection and 7–13 sensilla clavata ( Fig. 126 ) ................................................................ ..................................................................................................................... P. joaquimvenancioi (Messias et Oliveira)

– Third palpomere without apical projection, with 2–3 sensilla clavata ( Fig. 101 ) ............................. P. digitata Saether

14. Gonostylus distinctly bilobed...................................................................................................................................... 15

– Gonostylus simple or if bilobed, secondary lobe adpressed to gonostylus................................................................. 19

15. Secondary lobe of gonostylus much shorter than main lobe, not hook-like; anal point absent. ............................... 16

– Secondary lobe of gonostylus about as long as or longer than main lobe; anal point present.................................... 18

16. Median volsellae with single lobe ( Figs 98–99 ) ............................................................................ P. catarinense sp. n.

– Median volsellae double, sometimes with ventral lobe partly covered by dorsal lobe .............................................. 17

17. Median volsellae double with the two lobes well separated ( Figs 178–179 ) ........................................ P. roquei sp. n.

– Median volsellae double with ventral lobe partly covered by dorsal lobe ( Figs 84–86 ) ................................................ .................................................................................................................................................... P. cambuciensis sp. n.

18. Secondary lobe of gonostylus much longer than main lobe ( Fig. 66 ) .................................................. P. adunca sp. n.

– Secondary lobe of gonostylus about as long as main lobe ( Fig. 199 ).................................................... P. uncata sp. n.

19. Secondary lobe of gonostylus consisting of an outer lateral hump with long microtrichia........................................ 20

– Secondary lobe of gonostylus absent or when present adpressed to inner median side of gonostylus. .................... 21

20. Median volsella apically bifid; inferior volsella with digitiform anterior lobe; anal point absent ( Figs 116–117 ) ........ ........................................................................................................................................................... P. gibbistyla sp. n.

– Median volsella simple; inferior volsella with broad, rounded anterior lobe; anal point present, but small ( Figs 192– 193 ) ................................................................................................................................................... P. umbonata sp. n.

21. Median volsella nearly as long as superior volsella; superior volsella with basal anterior projection carrying 2–4 setae; gonostylus bilobed with secondary lobe adpressed to gonostylus ( Figs 146–147 ). ................. P. magdae sp. n.

– Median volsella much shorter than superior volsella; superior volsella without basal anterior projection carrying setae, but often with setae variably placed on projections; gonostylus simple or when bilobed secondary lobe indistinct and adpressed to gonostylus ............................................................................................................................... 22

22. Virga absent or not sclerotized; median volsella broadly rounded to subquadrangular ( Figs 123–124 )........................ ............................................................................................................................................................ P. invirgata sp. n.

– Virga present; median volsella subtriangular, shorter than wide ( Figs 110–111 ). .............. P. forcipata (Goetghebuer)

Figures

FIGURES 74–79. Pseudosmittia brachydicrana (Edwards, 1927), male. 74—head; 75—cibarial pump; 76—third palpomere; 77—wing; 78—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 79—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 131–135. Pseudosmittia lamasi sp. n., male. 131—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 132—thorax; 133— wing; 134—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 135—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 154–159. Pseudosmittia palpina sp. n., male. 154—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 155—palp; 156— thorax; 157—wing; 158—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 159—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 68–73. Pseudosmittia amorimi sp. n., male. 68—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 69—palp; 70—thorax; 71—wing; 72—anal point and tergite IX and dorsal aspect of left gonocoxite and gonostylus; 73—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 160–166. Pseudosmittia paulista sp. n., male. 160—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 161—palp; 162— thorax; 163—wing; 164—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 165—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right; 166—gonostylus.

FIGURES 136–141. Pseudosmittia lamellata sp. n., male. 136—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 137—palp; 138— thorax; 139—wing; 140—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 141—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 181–187. Pseudosmittia tropis sp. n., male. 181–tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 182–palp; 183–thorax; 184–wing; 185–hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 186–hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right; 187–gonostylus.

FIGURES 88–93. Pseudosmittia carioca sp. n., male. 88—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 89—palp; 90—thorax; 91—wing; 92—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 93—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 148–153. Pseudosmittia nana sp. n., male. 148—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 149—palp; 150—thorax; 151—wing; 152—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 153—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 201–206. Pseudosmittia windwardensis (Saether, 1981), male. 201—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 202—palp; 203—thorax; 204—wing; 205—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 206—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 167–173. Pseudosmittia pinhoi sp. n., male. 167—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 168—palp; 169— thorax; 170—wing; 171—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 172—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right; 173—gonostylus.

FIGURES 125–130. Pseudosmittia joaquimvenancioi (Messias et Oliveira, 2000), male. 125—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 126—palp; 127—thorax; 128—wing; 129—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 130—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 100–105. Pseudosmittia digitata Saether, 1981, male. 100—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 101—palp; 102—thorax; 103—wing; 104—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 105—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 94–99. Pseudosmittia catarinense sp. n., male. 94—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 95—palp; 96—thorax; 97—wing; 98—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 99—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 174–180. Pseudosmittia roquei sp. n., male. 174—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 175—palp; 176— thorax; 177—wing; 178—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 179—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right; 180—gonostylus.

FIGURES 80–87. Pseudosmittia cambuciensis sp. n., male. 80—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 81—palp; 82— thorax; 83—wing; 84—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 85—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right; 86—median volsella, dorsal view; 87—gonostylus.

FIGURES 62–67. Pseudosmittia adunca sp. n., male. 62—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 63—palp; 64—thorax; 65—wing; 66—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 67—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 195–200. Pseudosmittia uncata sp. n., male. 195—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 196—palp; 197— thorax; 198—wing; 199—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 200—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 112–118. Pseudosmittia gibbistyla sp. n., male. 112—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 113—palp; 114— thorax; 115—wing; 116—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 117—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right; 118—superior volsella, dorsal view.

FIGURES 188–194. Pseudosmittia umbonata sp. n., male. 188—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 189—palpomere 1—4; 190—thorax; 191—wing; 192—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 193—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right; 194—superior volsella, dorsal view.

FIGURES 142–147. Pseudosmittia magdae sp. n., male. 142—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 143—palp; 144— thorax; 145—wing; 146—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 147—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 119–124. Pseudosmittia invirgata sp. n., male. 119—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 120—palp; 121— thorax; 122—wing; 123—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 124—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.

FIGURES 106–111. Pseudosmittia forcipata (Goetghebuer, 1921), male. 106—tentorium, stipes, and cibarial pump; 107—palp; 108—thorax; 109—wing; 110—hypopygium, dorsal aspect; 111—hypopygium with anal point and tergite IX removed, dorsal aspect to the left, ventral aspect to the right.