Synergus filicornis Cameron, 1883

Lobato-Vila, Irene & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2021, The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species, Zootaxa 4906 (1), pp. 1-121 : 56

Synergus filicornis Cameron, 1883

Synergus filicornis Cameron, 1883 . Biol. Cent.-Am. 1: 72. Type material: NHMUK.

Synergus similis Gillette, 1896 . Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 23: 90, 92. Type material: USNM. Synonymized by Lobato-Vila et al. (2020b: 686).

Synergus furnessana Weld, 1913 . Insec. Inscit. Menstr. 1 (10): 134. Type material: ANSP (holotype), paratypes in USNM, MCZ, ANSP, NHMUK, Cornell University, Beutenmüller coll. and Weld coll. Synonymized by Weld (1930: 143).

Diagnosis. See Lobato-Vila et al. (2020b: 687) and the diagnosis of S. compressus (this work).

Distribution. Guatemala ( Cameron 1883; Ritchie & Shorthouse 1987); Mexico: Aguascalientes, Ciudad de México, Guanajuato, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Puebla, Querétaro, and Zacatecas ( Weld 1913; Ritchie & Shorthouse 1987; Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2018; Lobato-Vila et al. 2020b); and USA: Colorado and New Mexico ( Gillette 1896; Lobato-Vila et al. 2020b).

Biology. Synergus filicornis is considered a generalist species, even though it is usually found in association with woolly galls on leaves and stems induced by different Andricus, Striatioandricus , and Cynips species on oaks of both Quercus and Lobatae sections. Associated also with non-woolly galls (never tuberous galls) initiated by different species of Andricus , Atrusca , Cynips , Disholcaspis , Kokkocynips , Loxaulus , and other undetermined galls, mainly on oaks from the Quercus section ( Cameron 1883; Weld 1913; Ritchie & Shorthouse 1987; Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2018; Lobato-Vila et al. 2020b).

Remarks. Synergus filicornis was redescribed and illustrated by Ritchie & Shorthouse (1987: 234). The type material of Synergus filicornis , as well as of one of its synonyms, S. furnessana , was later examined and treated by Lobato-Vila et al. (2018: 605). Synergus filicornis was also treated by Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar (2018: 438) and Lobato-Vila et al. (2020b: 686).