Pachamama Owen and Pinto

Owen, Albert K. & Pinto, John D., 2004, Pachamama, an uncommon and distinctive new genus of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from tropical America, Zootaxa 664, pp. 1-8 : 2

Pachamama Owen and Pinto , new genus

Type species. Pachamama speciosa Owen and Pinto , herein designated.

Diagnosis. The structure of the antenna and wings distinguishes this genus. Antenna without a funicle, club 3­segmented; C3 elongate, much longer than C1 and C2 combined; scape sexually dimorphic, enormously inflated in male ( Fig. 4 ), unmodified in female ( Figs. 5 , 7 ). Forewing ( Fig. 2 ) broad, with all veins confluent and sigmoid in arrangement, without a radial process; disk fumate except at apex, sparsely setose, RS1 absent; posterior margin with a distinct preretinacular lobe. Hind wing ( Fig. 3 ) broad, subtriangular in shape, its anterior margin broadly V­shaped basal to hamuli. Male genitalia ( Fig. 6 ) with aedeagus and genital capsule distinct, the latter bearing parameres and volsellae.

Etymology. Pachamama: Quechuan for mother earth, and the Incan earth god.

Description. Body ( Fig. 1 ) compact, gibbose. Eyes red. Head broad, greatest width exceeding that of mesosoma; with a smooth plate on vertex; lateral ocelli adjacent to compound eyes; malar sulcus absent. Antenna sexually dimorphic; scape of male greatly enlarged, that of female unmodified; flagellum with two anelli and three club segments; C1 and C2 short, transverse; C3 elongate, subconical, much longer than C1 and C2 combined. Mandible ( Fig. 8 ) with two acute and heavily sclerotized teeth posteriorly and a lanceolate, socketed, more lightly sclerotized tooth anteriorly, ental surface between anterior and posterior teeth subcrenate. Maxillary palp ( Fig. 9 ) 1­segmented. Labial palp short but distinct, with two relatively long setae at apex. Midlobe of mesoscutum and scutellum each with two pair of setae. Forewing broad, widest near apex; posterior margin lobed immediately basal to retinaculum; disk fumate except at apex, with relatively sparse setation; RS1 and basal vein tracks absent; patch of foliate obovate sensilla on ventral surface anterior to retinaculum; venation sigmoid, with SC, PM, MV, & SV all confluent; radial process absent; PM with two setae and a single campaniform sensillum at apex; PM curving precipitously up to wing margin and, with SC, delimiting a large costal cell; MV elongate; SV not constricted at base, relatively straight, diverging only slightly from margin of wing. Hind wing broad and subtriangular, with widest point at hamuli; anterior margin broadly V­shaped in basal half. Male genitalia as in Trichogrammatini ( Viggiani 1971, 1984); aedeagus separate from genital capsule; genital capsule presumably open dorsally; parameres and volsellae present, intervolsellar process absent.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Pachamama speciosa, habitus (Ψ from Ecuador: Napo: Reserva Etnica Waorani).

FIGURES 4 – 6. Pachamama speciosa. 4, ♂ antenna. 5, Ψ antenna. 6, male genitalia [detail of apex of genital capsule at left; arrows to paramere (a) and volsellar spines (b)].

FIGURES 7 – 9. Pachamama speciosa. 7, antenna (medial). 8, mandible showing two strong posterior teeth, and socketed anterior tooth (at arrow). 9, maxillary palp.

FIGURES 2 – 3. Pachamama speciosa, wings. 2, Forewing (arrow to preretinacular lobe). 3, hind wing.