Epitonium fabrizioi Pastorino & Penchaszadeh, 1998

Zelaya, Diego G. & Güller, Marina, 2017, Undercover speciation of wentletraps (Caenogastropoda: Epitoniidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic, Zootaxa 4286 (1), pp. 41-69 : 46-49

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.1.2

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3B62E1C2-79C6-4A14-9F6D-80D8872118FA

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6033217

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCFB5F-FFDF-FFFF-FF26-FBF031B6E84D

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Plazi

scientific name

Epitonium fabrizioi Pastorino & Penchaszadeh, 1998
status

 

Epitonium fabrizioi Pastorino & Penchaszadeh, 1998 View in CoL

( Figures 3 View FIGURE 3 , 4 View FIGURE 4 )

Scala aff. orbignyi: Carcelles, 1944: 248 View in CoL (in part)

Epitonium albidum: Clench & Turner, 1951 View in CoL , pl. 114, fig. 3 (only) (non d’Orbigny, 1842) Epitonium georgettina: Scarabino, 1977: 183 View in CoL , pl. 2, fig. 8 (non Kiener, 1839) Epitonium georgettinae: Pastorino, 1995: 8 , pl. 2, fig. 10 (non Kiener, 1839) Epitonium fabrizioi Pastorino & Penchaszadeh, 1998: 63 View in CoL –68

Type locality. 42°34’S 64°17’W, Puerto Pirámides , Chubut Province, Argentina. GoogleMaps

Type material. Holotype (MLP-Ma 5402), 10 paratypes from the type locality (USNM 880252).

Additional material examined. Buenos Aires Province: [36°21’S 56°43’W], San Clemente del Tuyú (MLP- Ma 3951: 1 sh.); [38°33’20’’S 58°42’58’’W], Puerto Quequén (MACN-In 25697: 7 sh.) GoogleMaps ; 38°34’28.7’’S 58°42’42.1’’W, Puerto Quequén (MACN-In 18676-2: 1 sh.); off Buenos Aires (MACN-In 30331: 2 sh.) GoogleMaps . Río Negro Province: [40°49’00’’S 64°45’00’’W], Baliza Plata, Puerto San Antonio Este (MACN-In 14828: 1 sh.) GoogleMaps ; 40°52’30’’S 65°07’31’’W, intertidal (MACN-In 40367: 1 spm.); 40°54’00.0’’S 65°06’43.1’’W, 6 m (MACN-In 40368: 1 sh.); 40°54’08.3’’S 65°06’28.0’’W, 9 m (MACN-In 40369: 7 sh.); 40°55’17.4’’S 65°08’07.6’’W, 7-8 m (MACN-In 40370: 1 sh.); 41°38’02.6’’S 65°01’13.3’’W, Playas Doradas, intertidal (MACN-In 40371: 1 spm.); 41°38’06.6’’S 65°00’55.9’’W, Playas Doradas, 7 m (MACN-In 40372: 3 sh.); [42°00’00’’S 65°04’19’’W], Puerto Lobos (MACN- In 40373: 2 sh.; MACN-In 40374: 1 sh.). Chubut Province: [42°34’S 64°17’W], Puerto Pirámides (MLP-Ma 5171: 1 sh.); [42°46’S 65°03’W], Puerto Madryn (MACN-In 10954: 3 sh.; MACN-In 37236: 1 sh.; MACN-In 9171-22: 27 spm.; MACN-In 9673: 13 spm., +50 sh.; MLP-Ma 12197: 4 spm.); [42°46’50’’S 64°59’58’’W], Punta Cuevas, Puerto Madryn, intertidal (MACN-In 40375: 10 spm.; MLP-Ma 6739: 3 sh.); [42°49’00’’S 64°53’00’’W], Punta Loma, Puerto Madryn (MACN-In 37516: 3 sh.); [42°37’S 64°16’W], Punta Pardelas (MLP-Ma: 1 sh.). GoogleMaps

Known distribution. San Clemente del Tuyú (36°21’S) , Buenos Aires Province to Puerto Madryn (42°49’S) , Chubut Province, Argentina; living specimens only found in the intertidal zone.

Description. Shell medium sized (maximum L observed = 15 mm, protoconch broken), broadly conical, solid, white, dull ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 A–C, E, F, I). Protoconch of 4¼ convex whorls, of 485 µm in length and 390 µm in maximum diameter ( Pastorino & Penchaszadeh 1998); usually partially or completely lost in larger specimens; smooth (?). Teleoconch with up to 8 inflated whorls ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 A–C, E, F, I); suture deep, fenestrated by axial sculpture ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 J). Last whorl evenly curved at the base. Aperture subovate; peristome somewhat expanded at the base; outer margin thick. Umbilicus indistinct. Fasciole moderate to wide ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 A–C, F, I).

Teleoconch sculptured with markedly-prosocline axial ribs, formed by fusion of several layers; ribs constant in number along the shell, usually 13 to 15 per whorl, but up to 18, separated by wide interspaces ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 A–F, H–J). Ribs on the first whorl are low, slightly increasing in height on subsequent whorls, where they remain either erect or somewhat recurved ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 D, H). Ribs of adjoining whorls obliquely aligned and greatly overlapping (“connected”) ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 J). Ribs on the last whorl regularly arched at base, extending to umbilical area ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 A–C, F, I). Interspaces between ribs smooth.

Operculum: Thin, oval; paucispiral, with eccentric, slightly-sunken nucleus ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 G). Outside surface sculptured with about 40 wide bars per 0.1 mm ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 K). Colour: yellowish-brown; translucent.

Jaw ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 D, E): Anterior margin with a row of blunt, “mushroom-like” denticles. Each denticle composed of an elongate, densely-pitted, solid base (“buttress”) that distally expands forming a disc, with a marginal reinforcement (“inner plate”). Adjacent surface irregular, pitted.

Radula: With numerous teeth per row, all of them with a minute basal denticle and slender blades ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 A). Teeth of the central field small, widely separated ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 A); subsequent teeth larger, with longer blades, closely set ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 A, B). Cusps composed of an acute, narrow apical denticle, followed by a large, wide, secondary denticle, which is rounded at the tip, directed towards the apical denticle ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 C). An additional, secondary denticle present, varying from a small, conical structure in the central field, to a knob in the outer teeth.

Remarks. Epitonium fabrizioi is most similar to E. georgettinum , particularly those specimens having erect axial sculpture. However, in contrast to these specimens, in E. fabrizioi ribs are evenly arcuate throughout the whorls (i.e., lacking the straight slope near apical suture that appears in E. georgettinum ), and the ribs of adjoining whorls are more widely overlapping. Furthermore, E. fabrizioi has a higher incremental rate of whorls, which results in a broad shell profile. Other differences arise from the number of protoconch whorls (4¼ in E. fabrizioi vs. 2½ in E. georgettinum ), the morphology of the operculum (multispiral in E. georgettinum vs. paucispiral in E. fabrizioi ), the jaw (with the denticles of the anterior margin “mushroom-like” in E. fabrizioi vs. flat, ovate, distally blunt in E. georgettinum ), and radula (see discussion below). Pastorino & Penchaszadeh (1998) also mentioned that E. fabrizioi has smaller egg capsules, each one containing a lower number of eggs. Epitonium fabrizioi was previously confused with E. albidum . A comparison with the syntypes of that species shows that E. fabrizioi has a higher incremental rate of whorls and the ribs of adjoining whorls more widely overlapping, thus making the separation of the whorls less evident and its outline less convex. Furthermore, E. fabrizioi has a dull shell surface, while in E. albidum it is shiny.

The shell and opercular characters here recognized as diagnostic for E. fabrizioi are consistent with those previously described by Pastorino & Penchaszadeh (1998); however, the morphology of the radula does not agree with their observations. According to the authors, E. fabrizioi shows “… tricuspid marginal teeth, identical in shape. Outermost cusps large and hook-like, central and inner cusps similar in size and shorter”. In the same paper, the authors included information on the radula of a specimen of Epitonium georgettinum that they described as having “… one sharp terminal cusp… and two blunt cusps, one almost obsolete”. Our study of the radulae of these two species consistently reveal for E. fabrizioi the morphology showed in figures 15 and 16 of Pastorino & Penchaszadeh’s (1998) paper (i.e., the morphology they attributed to E. georgettinum ), and for E. georgettinum a morphology which corresponds to their description and figures for E. fabrizioi . These results suggest that at the time that E. fabrizioi was described, the two species’ radulae were confused.

Among the specimens reported by Carcelles (1944) as “ Scala aff. orbignyi ” from Quequén, Buenos Aires Province, one specimen of E. fabrizioi (currently MACN-In 18676-2) was found mixed in.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Mollusca

Class

Gastropoda

Order

Architaenioglossa

Family

Epitoniidae

Genus

Epitonium

Loc

Epitonium fabrizioi Pastorino & Penchaszadeh, 1998

Zelaya, Diego G. & Güller, Marina 2017
2017
Loc

Scala aff. orbignyi:

Carcelles 1944: 248
1944
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