Flavalona iheringula ( Kotov & Sinev, 2004 ) Sinev & Dumont, 2016

Sinev, Artem Y. & Dumont, Henri J., 2016, Revision of the costata-group of Alona s. lato (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae) confirms its generic status, European Journal of Taxonomy 223, pp. 1-38 : 29-30

Flavalona iheringula ( Kotov & Sinev, 2004) comb. nov.

Fig. 6 K–M

Alona iheringi Sars, 1901: 49–51 , plate IX, fig. 2a–c.

Alona iheringula Kotov & Sinev, 2004: 96–98 , figs 1–8.

Alona iheringi – Sinev 2001: 114–118, figs 1–25.

Alona iheringula – Van Damme & Dumont 2010: 764, fig. 6.

non Alona iheringula – Silva et al. 2014: 2–5, fig. 1.

Diagnosis

Female

Length 0.38–0.45 mm. Body oval ( Fig. 6K ), maximum height at mid-body, height/length ratio ca 0.62– 0.65. Valves from previous molts retained by some specimens. Posteroventral angle with about 50 setules protruding beyond valve margins. Ventral margin with about 60 setae. Valves without sculpture or tubercles.

Eye smaller than ocellus. Rostrum short. Posterior margin of head shield broadly rounded. Three major head pores ( Fig. 6L ) of similar size, middle pore located closer to posterior pore. Connection between pores narrow. PP ca 0.5–0.7 IP. Lateral head pores of ca 0.3 IP length, lateral pore pockets shallow, semicircular, with depth about half length of pore. Labral keel without denticles on anterior margin.

Postabdomen truncated, length about 2.2–2.4 height. Distal margin convex, distal angle prominent, rounded. Dorsal margin weakly convex in preanal part, concave in anal part, and almost straight in postanal part. Distal part of dorsal margin 2.5 times longer than preanal one, with preanal portion 1.5 times longer than anal. Preanal angle well-defined, postanal angle weakly defined. Postanal margin of postabdomen with 7–8 marginal denticles. Anal margin with 2–3 more slender denticles and 2–3 clusters of marginal setules. 10–12 lateral fascicles of setules, central setules in fascicle the longest. Postabdominal claw 1.3 times longer than preanal portion of postabdomen. Basal spine short, robust, ca 0.2 lengths of claw.

Antennule with longest aesthetasc ca ⅔ length of antennule itself. Limb II with scrapers 3 and 7 only slightly thicker than other. Exopodite III with seta 6 almost as long as seta 3. Exopodite IV with seta 1–3 of similar length, setae 4 about ⅓ length of seta 3, setae 5–6 about ⅔ length of seta 3. Epipodites IV–V with long processes. Exopodite V strongly bilobed ( Fig. 6M ).

Male

Length 0.34 mm. Body low ovoid ( Fig. 6N ), height/length ratio ca 0.58. Ocellus larger than eye. Postabdomen ( Fig. 6O ) evenly truncated. Pre- and postanal angles not defined. Distal part of postabdomen 2.5 times longer than preanal. Distal process long, about ⅔ length of claw. Distal clusters of marginal setules short. Postabdominal claw short, basal spine short and thin, slightly shorter than claw.

Differential diagnosis

Flavalona iheringula comb. nov. differs from F. rustica rustica comb. nov. and F. rustica americana comb. nov. by the middle major head pore located closest to the posterior pore and by the strongly bilobed exopodite of limb V; from F. bicolor comb. nov. by a smaller size, short rostrum and labral keel without denticles; from F. hudeci comb. nov. by a smaller size, presence of numerous setules on posteroventral corner of valves, and by seta 6 of exopodite III almost as long as seta 3, and from F. sphagnophila comb. nov. by having transverse lateral head pores. Male F. iheringula comb. nov. differ from F. bicolor comb. nov. and F. rustica comb. nov. by shorter distal marginal setules on the postabdomen.

Type material

Lectotype

Adult parthenogenetic female, Zoological Museum of Oslo University , F12336a.

Paralectotypes

See Kotov & Sinev (2004) for a full list.

Material studied earlier

See Sinev (2001) and Kotov & Sinev (2004) for a list of material from Brazil.

Type locality

BRAZIL: São Paulo.

Distribution

Widely distributed in Brazil ( Elmoor-Loureiro 2015), but not yet recorded outside of the country.

Figures

Fig. 6. Flavalona bicolor (Frey, 1965) comb. nov. A–E. Parthenogenetic ♀. A. Lateral view (specimen retaining valves from previous moult). B. Head shield. C. Head pores. D. Labrum. E. Postabdomen. F. Postabdomen of adult ♁. — G–J. Flavalona hudeci (Sinev, 1999) comb. nov., parthenogenetic ♀ G. Lateral view. H. Head pores. I. Posteroventral corner of valves. J. Thoracic limb V. — K–O. Flavalona iheringula (Sinev & Kotov, 2004) comb. nov. K–M. Parthenogenetic ♀. K. Lateral view. L. Head pores. M. Thoracic limb V. N–O. Adult ♁. N. Lateral view. O. Postabdomen. — P. Flavalona sphagnophila (Van Damme & Eggermont, 2011) comb. nov., parthenogenetic ♀, head pores. Figures A–F from Sinev (2009), G–J redrawn from Hudeč (1998), K–M from Sinev (2001), N–O from Kotov & Sinev (2004) and P redrawn from Van Damme & Eggermont (2011).