Diochus cleidecostae, 2020

Caron, Edilson, Navarro, Bruna V. & Cajaiba, Reinaldo L., 2020, Diochus cleidecostae, a new species from the Brazilian Amazon and a discussion of the sexual dimorphism on sternum VIII (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae: Diochini), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) 60 (31), pp. 1-6 : 2-3

Diochus santacatarinae Irmler, 2017 ( Figs. 4 , 7-9 , 18-19 )

Diochus santacatarinae Irmler, 2017: 34 (original description, type locality:“ Brazil: Santa Catarina ”).

Holotype (not seen) deposited in Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut , Müncheberg, Germany ( SDEI) ( Irmler, 2017).

Material examined: “ Brasil, Pará, Uruará / Cap5 [secondary vegetation with five years of regeneration], VI-2015, / Intermediário [collection information], Serrapilheira [Forest litter]/Reinaldo,Wully,Sidi,col.” [white label,print- ed in black] (6 ♂ dissected, 4 ♀ dissected, DZUP).“ Brasil, Pará, Uruará / Cap15 [secondary vegetation with 15 years

Diochus inornatus-group Diochus longicornis-group

D.amazonensis Irmler,2017 D.longicornis Sharp,1876

D.hanagarthi Irmler,2017 D.tarsalis Sharp,1876

D.inornatus Sharp,1885

D.novus Irmler,2017 Diochus maculicollis-group

D.tricolor Irmler,2017 D.peruvianus Irmler,2017

D.vicinus Sharp,1876

Diochus nanus-group

Diochus verhaaghi-group D.cleidecostae Caron & Navarro sp.nov. D.santacatarinae Irmler,2017 D.parvulus Kraatz,1860

of regeneration], VI-2015, / Intermediário[collection information], / Serrapilheira [Forest litter] / Reinaldo,Wully, Lucas, / Sidi, col.” [white label, printed in black] (2 ♂ dissected, DZUP). “ Brasil, Pará, Uruará / Cacau [cocoa plantations, Theobroma cacao L.], II-III-2015, / Inverno [winter season], Serrapilheira [Forest litter] / Reinaldo, Wully, Lucas, col.” [white label, printed in black] (3 ♂, DZUP). “ Brasil, Pará, Uruará / Mata [Native Vegetation], VI-2015, / Intermediário [collection information], / Serrapilheira [Forest litter] / Reinaldo, Wully, Lucas, / Sidi, col.” [white label, printed in black] (1 ♀, DZUP). “ Brasil, Pará, Uruará / Mata [Native Vegetation], IX-X-2015, / Verão [summer season], Serrapilheira [Forest litter] / Reinaldo, Wully, Lucas, / Sidi, col.” [white label, printed in black] (1 ♂, 2 ♀, DZUP).“ Brasil, Pará, Uruará / Mata [Native Vegetation], II- III-2015, / Inverno [winter season], Serrapilheira [Forest litter] / Reinaldo, Wully, Idielson, / col.” [white label, print- ed in black] (1 ♂, DZUP).

Diagnosis and description: See Irmler (2017: 34-35).

Remarks: The specimens from Pará,identified as Diochus santacatarinae , have similar aedeagus (mainly parameres) and spermatheca as those illustrated by Irmler (2017) ( Figs. 7-9 ). However, the males have the sternum VIII with posterior margin emarginate at the middle, whereas the females have the sternum VIII with posteri- or margin broad, curved and slightly acute at the middle ( Figs. 18-19 ). The male and female sternum VIII were not described by Irmler (2017). In the same way, Smetana (1982) and Zhou & Zhou (2016) have not discussed the male and female sternum VIII for Diochus . Smetana (1977) illustrated the emarginate posterior margin of sternum VIII of the male of D. nanus Erichson , but did not discuss it for the females. Naomi (1989) commented about the sexual dimorphism on sternum VIII in many rove beetle groups, but not explicitly for Diochus . Chatzimanolis & Engel (2011) described the fossil species D. electrus based on a female in which the sternum VIII shows no secondary sexual structures (maybe with posterior margin rounded or at least not emarginate). We believe that the sexual dimorphism on sternum VIII in Diochus is common and might also occur in other species of the genus.

The specimens of D. santacatarinae studied here were found in forest litter of cocoa plantations ( Theobroma ca- cao Linnaues) ( Fig. 3 ), secondary vegetation (five and 15 years of regeneration) and native vegetation ( Fig. 2 ).

Diochus santacatarinae was previously known from French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru and southern Brazil (Santa Catarina state). The species is recorded for the first time from Pará state, in northern Brazil.

Figures

Figures 4-6. Habitus (dorsal). (4) Diochus santacatarinae Irmler; (5) D. parvulus Kraatz; (6) D. cleidecostae Caron & Navarro sp. nov., paratype (female). Scale bars:1 mm.

Figures 7-17. Dissected parts,microscope photographs.(7-9) Diochus santacatarinae Irmler:(7) Paramere;(8) Apex of aedeagus;(9) Spermatheca;(10-14) D.parvulus Kraatz: (10) Paramere; (11) Spermatheca; (12) Apex of paramere, focusing on ventral lobe; (13) Apex of paramere, focusing on median lobe; (14) Apex of paramere, focusing on dorsal lobe. (15-17) D. cleidecostae Caron & Navarro sp. nov.: (15) Paramere (dashed line indicates lost seta); (16) Apex of paramere; (17) Spermatheca.Scale bars:0.06 mm.

Figures 18-22. Dissected parts, drawings.(18-19) D. santacatarinae Irmler: (18) Sternite 8 of male, ventral; (19) Sternite 8 of female, ventral; (20- 22) D. cleidecostae Caron & Navarro sp. nov.: (20) antenna; (21) Aedeagus, dorsal;(22) Aedeagus,ventral.Scale bars:0.5mm.

Figures1-3. (1) Municipalityof Uruará,state of Pará,northern Brazil(PF,primary forest;SF-15,secondary forest with15 years of regeneration;SF-5,secondary forest with five years of regeneration;Ag = agriculture;Pa = pasture for extensive livestock). (2) Detail of primary forest. (3) Detail of agriculture (cocoa plantations,Theobroma cacao L.).