Euura viminalis, Kopelke, 2001

Liston, Andrew D., Heibo, Erik, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege, Nyman, Tommi & Vikberg, Veli, 2017, North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae), Zootaxa 4302 (1), pp. 1-115 : 86-87

Euura viminalis group

= Pontania Costa, 1852 , in part = Eupontania Zinovjev, 1985

Diagnosis. Adult. In lateral view both mandibles similar (more or less gradually tapering to apex). Vein 2r-m normally present in both fore wings. Supraclypeal area densely setose. Antenna short to long: ♀ shorter than length of fore wing costa, to as long as combined length of fore wing costa and pterostigma; ♂ shorter than costa to longer than combined length of costa and pterostigma. Cercus moderately long: about 3.5–6.0× as long as maximal width, and in dorsal view reaching back at least to middle of valvula 3. Medial and basal annuli with flat ventral edge (serrulae not clearly developed). Penis valve ventrally with small spines; base of valvispina ventrally clearly divided from lobe on which it arises by an incision or at least a right-angled turn.

Larva. Third abdominal segment with 3 or 4 dorsal annulets. Suranal plate with minute pseudocerci placed very close together.

Gall. In leaves. Always attached to midrib: very rarely, a female may oviposit by mistake into lateral veins ( Fig. 327 ), but larvae in such galls fail to reach maturity. Spherical, or bladder-shaped, or irregularly pyriform. Developed only below the leaf-blade, or projecting on both sides.

Phenology. Most species strictly univoltine, but E. vesicator and E. viminalis bivoltine, where climate allows.

Figures

FIGURES 321 – 331. Euura, galls on Salix; 321 acutifoliae, S. daphnoides 322 arcticornis, S. phylicifolia TN 323 collactanea, S. repens 324 glabrifrons, S. lanata 325 hastatavora, S. hastata TN 326 myrtilloidica, S. myrtilloides 327 reticulatae, S. reticulata, underdeveloped galls in abnormal position on sideveins 328 reticulatae, S. reticulata 329 saliciscinereae, S. myrsinifolia (borealis) TN 330 samolad, S. lapponum 331 viminalis, S. purpureae.