Amazunculus, Rafael, 1986

Marques, Dayse W. A., Skevington, Jeffrey H. & Rafael, José A., 2019, Revision of the genus Amazunculus Rafael (Diptera: Pipunculidae), with description of six new species, Zootaxa 4577 (3), pp. 439-472 : 441-442

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E935D0FF-BECD-4981-BAED-CAE1053B041B
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5932618
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B987A5-5269-FFFB-FF2D-3A52FA4EFE84
treatment provided by	Plazi (2019-04-08 06:22:00, last updated 2024-11-24 22:52:39)
scientific name	Amazunculus
status

Treatment

Key to the Amazunculus View in CoL View at ENA species

1 All legs yellow ( Fig. 93 View FIGURES 93–97 ); syntergosternite 8 without membranous area ( Fig. 99 View FIGURES 98–107 ).............. A. duckei Galinkin & Rafael View in CoL

- All legs mostly dark brown to black (c.f. Figs 1 View FIGURES 1–5 , 46 View FIGURES 46–50 ); syntergosternite 8 with membranous area (c.f. Figs 7 View FIGURES 6–15 , 37 View FIGURES 36–45 )........... 2

2 Apex of phallic guide trifid ( Fig. 43 View FIGURES 36–45 )........................................................ A. bethoi sp. nov.

- Apex of phallic guide simple (c.f. Figs 13 View FIGURES 6–15 , 27 View FIGURES 20–30 )............................................................... 3

3 Apex of phallus without lateral apical projections ( Fig. 149 View FIGURES 143–152 ).................................. A. panamensis sp. nov.

- Apex of phallus with lateral apical projections (c.f. Figs 15 View FIGURES 6–15 , 28 View FIGURES 20–30 )................................................ 4

4 Apex of phallus elongated, ending well beyond the two desclerotized apical projections and with small spiniform projections on the medial surface ( Figs 28, 29 View FIGURES 20–30 )............................................................. A. besti Rafael View in CoL

- Apex of phallus shortened, with sclerotized apical projections (c.f. Figs 15 View FIGURES 6–15 , 59 View FIGURES 51–61 , 75 View FIGURES 67–77 )................................. 5

5 Surstyli not elongated ventrally when seen in lateral view (c.f. Figs 132 View FIGURES 129–137 , 175 View FIGURES 172–181 )...................................... 6

- Surstyli elongated ventrally when seen in lateral view (c.f. Figs 10 View FIGURES 6–15 , 55 View FIGURES 51–61 , 161 View FIGURES 157–167 )....................................... 7

6 Surstyli almost as long as epandrium ( Fig. 131 View FIGURES 129–137 ); with apex somewhat rounded in lateral view ( Figs 132, 133 View FIGURES 129–137 )................................................................................................ A. manauara sp. nov.

- Surstyli much shorter than epandrium ( Fig. 174 View FIGURES 172–181 ); with apex distinctly acute in lateral view ( Figs 175, 176 View FIGURES 172–181 )................................................................................................... A. psilalarius sp. nov.

7 Cerci distinctly arched ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 67–77 ); phallic guide with a distinct expansion at apex ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 67–77 ); phallus with two large somewhat rounded projections apically when seen in lateral view ( Figs 75, 76 View FIGURES 67–77 )................... A. cordigaster Galinkin & Rafael View in CoL

- Cerci only slightly arched ( Figs 9 View FIGURES 6–15 , 85 View FIGURES 83–92 ); phallic guide simple without apical expansion; phallus with two narrow and pointed projections apically (c.f. Figs 15 View FIGURES 6–15 , 166 View FIGURES 157–167 )..................................................................... 8

8 Phallic guide with base distinctly expanded dorsally when seen in lateral view with apex elongated ( Fig. 165 View FIGURES 157–167 )................................................................................................ A. platypodus (Hardy) View in CoL

- Phallic guide without distinct dorsal expansion and with short apex when seen in lateral view (c.f. Fig. 15 View FIGURES 6–15 )............... 9

9 Syntergosternite 8 with very small membranous area ( Fig. 114 View FIGURES 113–123 ); surstyli distinctly wider ventrally when seen in lateral view ( Figs 117, 118 View FIGURES 113–123 )......................................................................... A. francyae sp. nov.

- Syntergosternite 8 with relatively large membranous area ( Figs 7 View FIGURES 6–15 , 84 View FIGURES 83–92 ); surstyli subequal dorsally and ventrally or wider dorsally than ventrally when seen in lateral view (c.f. Figs 10 View FIGURES 6–15 , 86 View FIGURES 83–92 )................................................. 10

10 Surstyli when seen in lateral view wider dorsally than ventrally, distinctly projected ventrally towards epandrium ( Figs 86, 87 View FIGURES 83–92 ); phallic guide elongated, somewhat conical in dorsal and ventral views ( Figs 88, 89 View FIGURES 83–92 )...... A. deargentatus Galinkin & Rafael View in CoL

- Surstyli when seen in lateral view subequal in width dorsally and ventrally, not projected towards epandrium ( Figs 10 View FIGURES 6–15 , 55 View FIGURES 51–61 ); phallic guide relatively short ( Figs 15 View FIGURES 6–15 , 59 View FIGURES 51–61 )................................................................. 11

11 Phallic guide subparallel-sided when seen in ventral view ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 6–15 ); nearly straight in lateral view, without subapical concavity ( Fig. 15 View FIGURES 6–15 )............................................................................. A. acreanus sp. nov.

- Phallic guide sinuous in ventral view ( Fig. 58 View FIGURES 51–61 ), with a pronounced subapical concavity in lateral view ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 51–61 )......................................................................................... A. claripennis Rafael & Rosa View in CoL

Figures

FIGURES 93–97. Amazunculus duckei Galinkin & Rafael. Holotype male. 93, Habitus, left lateral view; 94, Habitus, dorsal view; 95, Antenna; 96, Wing; 97, Holotype labels.

FIGURES 98–107. Amazunculus duckei Galinkin & Rafael. Holotype male. 98, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 99, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 100, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 101, Left surstylus, lateral view; 102, Right surstylus, lateral view; 103, Epandrium, surstyli and subepandrial sclerite, lateral view; 104, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 105, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 106, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 107, Ejaculatory apodeme.

FIGURES 1–5. Amazunculus acreanus sp. nov. Holotype male. 1, Habitus, left lateral view; 2, Antenna; 3, Wing; 4, Abdomen, dorsal view; 5, Holotype labels. Abbreviations: bm—basal medial cell; br—basal radial cell; C—costal vein; cua— anterior cubital cell; CuA+CuP—anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dmm—discal medial crossvein; M 1 —first branch of media; M 4 —fourth branch of media; ptstg—pterostigma; R 1 —anterior branch of radius; R 2+3 —second branch of radius; r 4+5 —fourth + fifth radial cells; R 4+5 —third branch of radius; r–m—radial–medial crossvein; Sc—subcostal vein.

FIGURES 46–50. Amazunculus claripennis Rafael & Rosa. Holotype male. 46, Habitus, left lateral view; 47, Habitus, dorsal view; 48, Antenna (from female paratype); 49, Wing (from female paratype); 50, Holotype labels.

FIGURES 6–15. Amazunculus acreanus sp. nov. Holotype male. 6, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 7, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 8, Terminalia, dorsal view; 9, Surstyli, dorsal view; 10, Left surstylus, lateral view; 11, Right surstylus, lateral view; 12, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 13, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 14, Phallus, lateroventral view; 15, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view.

FIGURES 36–45. Amazunculus bethoi sp. nov. Holotype male. 36, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 37, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 38, Terminalia, dorsal view; 39, Surstyli, dorsal view; 40, Left surstylus, lateral view; 41, Right surstylus, lateral view; 42, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 43, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 44, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 45, Phallus, dorsal view.

FIGURES 20–30. Amazunculus besti Rafael. Holotype male. 20, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 21, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 22, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 23, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 24, Left surstylus, lateral view; 25, Right surstylus, lateral view; 26, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 27, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 28, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 29, Phallus, ventral view; 30, Ejaculatory apodeme.

FIGURES 143–152. Amazunculus panamensis sp. nov. Holotype male. 143, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 144, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 145, Terminalia, dorsal view; 146, Left surstylus, lateral view; 147, Right surstylus, lateral view; 148, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 149, Phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 150, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, right lateral view; 151, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 152, Ejaculatory apodeme.

FIGURES 51–61. Amazunculus claripennis Rafael & Rosa. Holotype male. 51, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 52, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 53, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 54, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 55, Left surstylus, lateral view; 56, Right surstylus, lateral view; 57, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 58, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 59, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 60, Phallus, dorsolateral view; 61, Ejaculatory apodeme.

FIGURES 67–77. Amazunculus cordigaster Galinkin & Rafael. Holotype male. 67, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 68, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 69, Terminalia, dorsal view; 70, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 71, Left surstylus, lateral view; 72, Right surstylus, lateral view; 73, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 74, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 75, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 76, Phallus, ventral view; 77, Ejaculatory apodeme.

FIGURES 129–137. Amazunculus manauara sp. nov. Holotype male. 129, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 130, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 131, Terminalia, dorsal view; 132, Left surstylus, lateral view; 133, Right surstylus, lateral view; 134, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 135, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 136, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 137, Phallus, lateroventral view.

FIGURES 172–181. Amazunculus psilalarius sp. nov. Holotype male. 172, Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 173, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 174, Terminalia, dorsal view; 175, Left surstylus, lateral view; 176, Right surstylus, lateral view; 177, Terminalia, ventral view (syntergosternite 8 removed); 178, Phallic guide, ventral view; 179, Phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 180, Phallus, lateroventral view; 181, Ejaculatory apodeme.

FIGURES 157–167. Amazunculus platypodus (Hardy). Holotype male. 157, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 158, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 159, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 160, Surstyli, ventral view; 161, Left surstylus, lateral view; 162, Right surstylus, lateral view; 163, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 164, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 165, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 166, Phallus, ventral view; 167, Ejaculatory apodeme.

FIGURES 83–92. Amazunculus deargentatus Galinkin & Rafael. Holotype male. 83, Tergite 6 and sternite 6, ventral view; 84, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 85, Epandrium and surstyli, dorsal view; 86, Left surstylus, lateral view; 87, Right surstylus, lateral view; 88, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view; 89, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 90, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, left lateral view; 91, Phallus, ventral view; 92, Ejaculatory apodeme.

FIGURES 113–123. Amazunculus francyae sp. nov. Holotype male. 113, Tergites 6, 7 and sternites 6, 7, ventral view; 114, Syntergosternite 8, posterior view; 115, Terminalia, dorsal view; 116, Surstyli, dorsal view; 117, Left surstylus, lateral view; 118, Right surstylus, lateral view; 119, Hypandrium, phallic guide and phallus, ventral view (basal processes of phallus outlined); 120, Phallic guide, dorsal view; 121, Hypandrium, phallic guide, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view; 122, Phallus, lateral view; 123, Ejaculatory apodeme.