Acanthephyra eximia Smith, 1884

Alves-Júnior, Flavio De Almeida, Silva, Elinai Dos Santos, Araújo, Marina De Sá Leitão Câmara De, Cardoso, Irene, Bertrand, Arnaud & Souza-Filho, Jesser F., 2019, Taxonomy of deep-sea shrimps of the Superfamily Oplophoroidea Dana 1852 (Decapoda: Caridea) from Southwestern Atlantic, Zootaxa 4613 (3), pp. 401-442 : 406-408

Acanthephyra eximia Smith, 1884

( Figs. 5 A–B, 6 , 39 C)

Acanthephyra eximia Smith, 1884: 376 .— Smith 1886: 63, pl. 14, fig. 1. Acanthephyra angusta Spence Bate, 1888: 737 , pl.12, fig. 6. Acanthephyra edwardsii Spence Bate, 1888: 747 , pl. 124, fig. 1.— Moreira 1901: 10. Acanthephyra brachytelsonis Spence Bate, 1888: 753 , pl. 126, fig. 7. Acanthephyra eximia— Crosnier & Forest 1973: 34, fig. 7c–d.— Chace 1986: 18, figs 2j, 4j, 5j, 6h, 9a.— Poupin 1994: 20.—Ra- mos & Coelho 1998: 326.— Tavares 1999: 675.— Ramos-Porto et al. 2000: 76.— Cardoso & Young 2005: 14, figs. 8 a–d, 9 a–c, 10 a–g, 11 a–e, 12a.— Pequegnat & Wicksten 2006: 96.— Poupin 2018: 102.

Material examined: 4 M, 3 F and 7 OF, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin AR# 55, Bottom trawl, 150 m, 04º 33,85’ S / 036º 54,15’ W; 04º 41,54’ S / 036º 33,67’ W, 0 8 December 2009, MOUFPE: 15.685. 1M, 1 F and 2 OF, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin MT# 71 , Bottom trawl, 1040 m, 04° 45,93’ S / 036° 8.04’ W; 04° 45,74’ S / 036° 6.10’ W, 20 May 2011, MOUFPE : 15.667. 2 M, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin MT# 71-2 , Bottom trawl, 937 m, 04° 46,03’ S / 036° 8,94’ W; 04° 46,22’ S / 036° 8,01’ W, 0 5 May 2011, MOUFPE : 15.681. 1 F, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin MT# 72-2 , Bottom trawl, 1069 m, 04° 40,29’ S / 036° 23,70’ W; 04° 41,27’ S / 036° 22,17’ W, 20 May 2011, MOUFPE : 15.674. 2 M, 1 F and 2 OF, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin MT# 73 , Bottom trawl, 1006 m, 04° 37,85’ S / 036° 30,82’ W; 04° 38,60’ S / 036° 28,16’ W, 16 May 2011, MOUFPE : 15.679. 1 M, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin TALRN1 AR# 75, Bottom trawl, 1068 m, 04º 27,56’ S / 036º 53,72’ W; 04º 28,84’ S / 036º 50,89’ W, 0 8 December 2009, MOUFPE : 15.680. 1 OF, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin MT# 75 , Bottom trawl, 966 m, 04° 29,29’ S / 036° 47,69’ W; 04° 28,88’ S / 036°54,66’ W, 13 May 2011, MOUFPE : 15.682. 1 F, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin MT# 75-2 , Bottom trawl, 956 m, 04° 28,96’ S / 036° 51,05’ W; 04° 28,76’ S / 036° 52,92’ W, 13 May 2011, MOUFPE : 15.683. 1 F, Rio Grande do Norte, Potiguar Basin MT# 83-2 , Bottom trawl, 2004 m, 04° 25,76’ S / 036° 28,02’ W; 04° 25,88’ S / 036° 35,42’ W, 15 May 2011, MOUFPE : 15.684.

Diagnosis: Carapace with rostrum overreaching scaphocerite, with 6–8 dorsal teeth, ventral margin with 3–4 teeth; antennal spine present; branchiostegal spine present without distinct carina. Abdomen dorsally carinate on all somite but somite 1; somites 1 to 4 with posteromesial tooth, the one of somite 3 distinctly strong. Male pleopod 1 with endopod, rounded, with numerous stout setae on proximal to mesial portion, distal lobe with numerous hook setae; male pleopod 2 with appendix interna, little more than half length of appendix masculina, with densely plumose setae on lateral margins and slightly triangular shape on distal portion; appendix masculina with pectinate setae on distal and lateral margins (modified from Cardoso & Young 2005).

Distribution: Western Atlantic: United States (North Carolina—Cape Hatteras), Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Lesser Antilles ( Guadeloupe), Brazil (Amapá, Pará, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe, Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro). Eastern Atlantic: France (Gulf of Gascogne), Spain (Bay of Cadix), Gibraltar, Mediterranean Sea, Portugal (Azores, Madeira and Canary Archipelagos), Morocco, Angola. Indo-Pacific Oceans: from Southeastern Africa, New Zealand, Indonesian, Philippines, Japan, Hawaii ( Spence Bate 1888; Chace 1986; Ramos & Coelho 1998; Tavares 1999; Ramos-Porto et al. 2000; Cardoso & Young 2005; Pequegnat & Wicksten 2006; Poupin 2018) (fig. 6).

Bathymetric distribution: 200–4700 m depth ( Spence Bate 1888; Chace 1986; Ramos & Coelho 1998; Tavares 1999; Ramos-Porto et al. 2000; Cardoso & Young 2005; Pequegnat & Wicksten 2006; Burghart et al. 2007; 2017), herein this species was found in Potiguar Basin between 150 and 2004 m depth, thus extending its bathymetric distribution to shallower waters.

Remarks: In specimens from Campos Basin, Brazil analyzed by Cardoso & Young (2005), a variation was observed in the rostrum teeth number: 7 or 8 dorsal teeth and 3 or 4 ventral teeth; in the specimens herein examined 5 or 6 dorsal teeth and 2 or 3 ventral teeth were observed at rostrum ( Fig. 5A ). Similar numbers were observed by Cardoso & Young (2005) in specimens collected in Seychelles Archipelago (Indian) and Taiwan (Pacific). Acanthephyra eximia is cosmopolitan, widely distributed in the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic oceans ( Fig. 6 ) ( Cardoso & Young 2005). It was previously recorded from Brazilian waters by Spence Bate (1888) in state of Alagoas, and posteriorly by Ramos-Porto et al. (2000) from the North Region of the Brazil. Then, Cardoso & Young (2005) recorded this species from the Campos Basin between the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. In this paper, A. eximia is reported from the states of Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte, filling the gap of distribution in northeastern Brazil.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Acanthephyra eximia Smith, 1884. A. Ovigerous Female, lateral view. B. Telson, dorsal view (MOUFPE: 15.685). Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 6. Global geographic distribution of Acanthephyra eximia Smith, 1884. Black circles = previous records; star = new record.

FIGURE 39. Deep-sea shrimps of the family Acanthephyridae Spence Bate, 1888 being: A. Acanthephyra acutifrons Spence Bate, 1888 (MOUFPE: 18.424). B. Acanthephyra curtirostris Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891 (MUFPE: 18.471). C. Acanthephyra eximia Smith, 1884 (MOUFPE: 15.685). D. Acanthephyra kingsleyi Spence Bate, 1888 (MOUFPE: 18.461). E. Acanthephyra quadrispinosa Kemp, 1939 (MOUFPE: 15.589). F. Acanthephyra stylorostratis (Spence Bate, 1888) (MOUFPE: 15.671), with all material collected in Northwestern Brazil.