Heilus pupillatus ( Olivier, 1790 )

Lira, Aline De Oliveira, Sousa, Wesley Oliveira De, Rosado-Neto, Germano Henrique, Santos, Geane Brizzola Dos & Marques, Marinêz Isaac, 2020, A review of the South American species of Heilus Kuschel, 1955 (Curculionidae Molytinae: Molytini: Hylobiina) with emphasis on those from Brazil, Zootaxa 4861 (2), pp. 151-187 : 161-162

Heilus pupillatus ( Olivier, 1790)

( Figs. 5 , 18C , 19B , 20B , 21B , 22B , 23C )

Curculio pupillatus Olivier, 1790:508 (description).

Heilipus inclusus Hustache, 1938:344 (description); Blackwelder 1947:818 (checklist).

Hilipus imitatus Voss, 1954:267 (description).

Heilus pupillatus: Kuschel 1955:297 (combination); Wibmer & O’Brien 1986:145 (checklist).

Type material. Type specimens of Curculio pupillatus Olivier, 1790 were not found. According to Kuschel (1955), the type material of many species from the Neotropical Region described by Olivier are considered as lost. Images of type material of H. imitatus Voss, 1954 deposited in the ZMH were examined bearing the following labels: Chanchamayo, Peru, A. Heyne Berlin-Wilm.; Heilipus imitatus m.; COTYPUS.; Coll. E. Voss, Eing. 3-75; ZMH 833027.

Non-Type material: The images of non-type specimens of Heilus pupillatus ( Olivier, 1790) deposited in the BMNH, London, Pascoe Collection were examined but specimens did not have any associated label information.

Redescription. Length (pronotum and elytra) of males and females 9.6 to 12.0/ 10.5 to 11.8 mm, respectively.

Integument. Sub-opaque, varying from yellowish-brown to dark brown. Rostrum. About 1.3 times longer than pronotum; in females, about 5.7 times longer than apical width; in males, about 3.8 times longer than apical width.

Thorax. Pronotum ( Figs. 5 A–B) about 1.4 times wider than long, with few rounded granules, arranged approximately in two transverse rows in apical region, and arranged randomly on sides; with fine scales spread evenly, slightly rounded sides with few scales. Elytra ( Figs. 5 A–B). Approximately 1.6 times longer than wide between humeri, moderately convex, with few transverse granules scattered from second interstria, concentrated in basal region until apical elytral calli, smaller and rounded from apical elytral calli to apex; with yellowish or orange scales evenly distributed; extensive whitish macula on sides of elytra, extending from median region to apical elytral calli, between striae 3 and 6, with small velvety black internal macula located on interstria 4; flat interstriae. Male genitalia. Median lobe of aedeagus ( Fig. 18C ) about 1.2 times longer than he median lobe apodemes, apical margin rounded laterally, with slight depression in center; internal sac sclerite trilobate ( Fig. 19B ), with two pointed projections, tiny spicules elongate in center. Tegmen ( Fig. 20B ) with dorsal lobes subequal in length to manubrium; manubrium enlarged at base. Female genitalia ( Fig. 21B ). Coxites robust, elongate; apex of styli with dense, elongate setae. Spermathecal duct of median length inserted into median third of bursa copulatrix. Spermathecal capsule ( Fig. 22B ) sclerotized, with acute curvature, collum elongate, cornu rounded at apex, ramus well-marked.

Dimensions (mm). Males/females, respectively. TBL: 9.6–12/10.5–11.8; TRL: 2.2–3.0/3.9–4.2; MHx: 3.4– 4.2/4.2–4.6; RAW: 0.7/0.7–0.8; RBW: 0.7–0.8/0.7–0.8; IO: 0.2–0.4/0.3–0.4; PnL: 2.3–2.8/2.9–3.3; PnMW: 3.5– 3.7/4.0–4.1; PnBW: 3.2–3.5/3.7–3.9; EL: 6.9–9.4/7.6–8.7; EW: 4.6–4.9/5.1–5.2.

Non-type material examined. In total, 17 specimens were examined. BRAZIL: Amazonas: 1♂, 2.ii.1976, I.S. Coraveb ( INPA) , Itacoatiara , 1♀, 7.xi.2014, Batista, D.G., light trap ( INPA) , Manaus , 1♀, 08.x.1986, Klein, Bert ( INPA) , 1♂, 12.xi.1986, Klein, Bert ( INPA) , 1♀, 23.ix.1986, Luis Ulysses ( INPA) , 1♀, ix.1995, Barbosa, M.G.V., Malaise trap ( INPA) , 1♂, vi.1982, E. Oliveira ( INPA) ; Pará: Itaituba , 1♂, viii.1963 ( DZUP) , Jacareacanga , 1♂, iv.1969, F.R. Barbosa ( DZUP) , 2♂, xii.1968, M. Alvarenga ( DZUP) , Mangabeira–Mocajuba , 1♂, iii.1953, Orlando M. Rego ( MNRJ) , Serra Norte , 1♂, 25.x.1984, trap (1,6 m) ( MPEG) , Alter do Chão , 1♀, 25.i.1994, A. Brescovit ( MCN) ; Acre: Cruzeiro do Sul , 1♀, ii.1963 ( DZUP) ; Rondônia: Ouro Preto d’Oeste , 1♂, 24.x.1987 ( DZUP) , Vil- hena, 1♀, 29.x.1986 ( DZUP) .

Geographical distribution. Wibmer & O’Brien (1986) presented the geographical distribution of H. pupillatus as French Guiana, Bolivia, Peru, and Brazil. The material examined allows for the first records of this species for the Amazon biome (Amazonas, Pará, Acre, and Rondônia states) ( Fig. 23 ), since Wibmer & O’Brien (1986) cited the species only for Brazil, without specifying the range of distribution within the country ( Fig. 23C ).

Associated plants. Unknown.

Remarks. Heilus pupillatus differs from other species in its irregular and enlarged range of yellowish scales that extends from the humeral region to the apical elytral calli. The synonymy of H. pupillatus , H. imitatus , and H. inclusus follows Kuschel (1955), based on the examination of the last two species, without a taxonomic discussion.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Heilus pupillatus, female. A. dorsal view. B. lateral view. C. The copyright of images belongs to BMNH.

FIGURE 18. Aedeagus. A. Heilus inaequalis, dorsal view. B. Heilus inaequalis, lateral view. C. Heilus pupillatus. D. Heilus tuberculosus. E. Heilus rufescens. F. Heilus freyreissi. G. Heilus myops. H. Heilus faldermanni. I. Heilus ochrifer. J. Heilus fasciculatus. K. Heilus iniquus. L. Heilus bistigma. Legends: median lobe (ml), internal sac sclerite (sc), median lobe apodemes (mla).

FIGURE 19. Internal sac sclerite. A. Heilus inaequalis. B. Heilus pupillatus. C. Heilus tuberculosus. D. Heilus rufescens. E. Heilus freyreissi. F. Heilus myops. G. Heilus faldermanni. H. Heilus ochrifer. I. Heilus fasciculatus. J. Heilus iniquus. K. Heilus bistigma.

FIGURE 20. Tegmen. A. Heilus inaequalis. B. Heilus pupillatus. C. Heilus tuberculosus. D. Heilus rufescens. E. Heilus freyreissi. F. Heilus myops. G. Heilus faldermanni. H. Heilus ochrifer. I. Heilus fasciculatus. J. Heilus iniquus. K. Heilus bistigma. Legends: dorsal lobe (ld), manubrium (m).

FIGURE 21. Female genitalia. A. Heilus inaequalis. B. Heilus pupillatus. C. Heilus tuberculosus. D. Heilus rufescens. E. Heilus freyreissi. F. Heilus myops. G. Heilus faldermanni. H. Heilus ochrifer. I. Heilus fasciculatus. J. Heilus iniquus. K. Heilus bistigma. Legends: coxite (cx), styli (st), common oviduct (co), bursa copulatrix (bc), spermathecal duct (spd), spermathecal capsule (sp), spermathecal gland (spg).

FIGURE 22. Spermathecal capsule. A. Heilus inaequalis. B. Heilus pupillatus. C. Heilus tuberculosus. D. Heilus rufescens. E. Heilus freyreissi. F. Heilus myops. G. Heilus faldermanni. H. Heilus ochrifer. I. Heilus fasciculatus; J. Heilus iniquus; K. Heilus bistigma. Legends: cornu (cr), collum (cl), ramus (ra).

FIGURE 23. Geographical distribution of Heilus species based on labels information. A. South America Brazilian biomes and Paraguayan and Argentine ecoregions. B. Heilus inaequalis; C. Heilus pupillatus; D. Heilus tuberculosus; E. Heilus rufescens; F. Heilus freyreissi; G. Heilus myops; H. Heilus faldermanni; I Heilus ochrifer; J. Heilus fasciculatus; K. Heilus iniquus; L. Heilus bistigma.