Vytfutia halandrefana, Griswold, 2022

Griswold, Charles E., 2022, The Lace Web Spider Genus Vytfutia Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Phyxelididae) in the Indo-Pacific Region, Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 67 (14), pp. 329-355 : 335

Key to the species of Vytfutia

1 Males .................................................................... 5

— Females.................................................................. 2

2 (1) Epigynum deep, quadrangle less than 1.00, copulatory opening rims oblique to nearly longitudinal, posterior margin of epigynum convex or concave ( Figs. 18 , 39 , 48 ), vulva with 2-3 simple lobes, without slender ducts, vulva width greater than twice length ( Figs. 19 , 40 , 49 ) ......................................................................... 3

— Epigynum broad, quadrangle greater than 2.50, copulatory opening rims transverse, posteri- or margin of epigynum concave ( Figs. 23 , 24 ), vulva complex with large anterior lobe and slender ducts, vulva width less than 1.50 times length ( Fig. 25 ), Madagascar............................................................... V. halandrefana , new species

3 (2) Epigynum with copulatory opening rims oblique ( Figs. 39 , 48 ), vulva with integrated lobes anteriad of copulatory openings ( Figs. 40 , 49 ).................................... 4

— Epigynum with copulatory opening rims longitudinal, epigynum posterior margin convex, elongated posteriorly in center ( Fig. 18 ), vulva with spherical lobe laterad of copulatory openings ( Fig. 19 )................................... V. bedel Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986

4 (3) Epigynum with copulatory opening rims converging anteriorly, posterior margin slightly concave ( Figs. 39 , 41 ), vulva with paired lobes laterad of copulatory openings ( Figs. 40 , 42 )......................................................... V. labalaba , new species

— Epigynum with copulatory opening rims diverging anteriorly, posterior margin straight to slightly convex ( Fig. 48 ), vulva with paired lobes far anteriad of copulatory openings ( Fig. 49 )...................................... V. pallens Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989

5 (1) Male palpal tibia with DTA short, less than 0.25 length tibia ( Figs. 37, 38 , 46, 49 ), tibia with subapical spine or cuspule, embolus short, arising near base of bulb (past 6 o’clock) and making turn of less than 180º, median apophysis long, length greater than 5.00 times width ( Figs. 36, 37 , 45, 46 )........................................................ 6

— Male palpal tibia with DTA elongate, greater than 0.50 length tibia ( Figs. 16, 17 ), tibia lacking subapical enlarged seta, embolus long, arising on retrolateral side of bulb (4 o’clock) and making turn of more than 225º, median apophysis short, length less than 4.00 times width ( Figs. 15, 17 )................................... V. bedel Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986

6 (5) Palpal tibia with elongate apical spine ( Figs. 46, 47 ), embolus short, straight, arises on prolateral side of bulb (near 8 o’clock), median apophysis hooked at apex ( Figs. 45, 46 ); metatarsus I long, base of concavity originates at more than 0.45 metatarsus length, spur high, height great than 0.09 metatarsus length ( Figs. 60, 61 )...... V. pallens Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989

— Palpal tibia with short subapical cuspule ( Figs. 37, 38 ), embolus long, curved, arises at base of bulb (near 6 o’clock), median apophysis flattened, spoon shaped at apex ( Figs. 36, 37 ); metatarsus I shorter, base of concavity originates at less than 0.35 metatarsus length, spur low, height greater than 0.08 metatarsus length ( Figs. 58, 59 )......... V. labalaba , new species

Figures

FIGURES 15–19. Vytfutia bedel Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986, genitalia-drawings, Holotype male and paratype female collected from Gunung Leuser, border of National Park at Bohorok in primary rainforest, N. Sumatra, Indonesia. 15–17. Male left palp. 15. Tibia and tarsus, ventral. 16. Tibia, dorsal. 17. Tibia and tarsus, retrolateral. 18, 19. Female genitalia. 18. Epigynum, ventral. 19. Vulva, dorsal. C = conductor; D = Dorsal tibial apophysis; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; RL = retrolateral tibial apophysis.

FIGURES 36–40. Vytfutia labalaba new species, genitalia-drawings, Holotype male and paratype female collected on the wall of a building at 1550 m elevation on Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah-Borneo, Malaysia, CASENT9023842. 36–38. Male left palp, tibia and tarsus. 36. Ventral. 37. Retrolateral. 38. Dorsal. 39, 40. Female genitalia. 39. Epigynum, ventral. 40. Vulva, dorsal.

FIGURES 45–49. Vytfutia pallens Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989, genitalia-drawings, male and female paratypes from Niah Cave, Sarawak, Malaysia. 45–47. Male left palp, tibia and tarsus. 45. Ventral. 46. Retrolateral. 47. Dorsal. 48. 49. Female genitalia. 48. Epigynum, ventral. 49. Vulva, dorsal. C: conductor, D: dorsal tibial apophysis, MA: median apophysis, PC: paracymbium, RL: retrolateral lobe of tibial apex. Grey arrow to tibial apical spine.

FIGURES 20–23. Vytfutia halandrefana new species, female, Berenty, Madagascar, CASENT9012513, habitus photos. 20. Dorsal. 21. Ventral. 22. Left metatarsus-tarsus IV and apex of abdomen with spinnerets, ventral. 23. Epigynal region, dorsal. Scale bars 20–22 = 0.5 mm, 23 = 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 24, 25. Vytfutia halandrefana new species, female genitalia drawings, Tsingy de Bemaraha, Madagascar, CASENT9008848. 24. Epigynum, ventral. 25. Vulva, left half, dorsal.

FIGURES 41–44. Vytfutia labalaba new species, Mt. Kinabalu, Borneo, CASENT9023842, female genitalia, scanning electron micrographs (SEM). 41. Epigynum, ventral. 42. Vulva, dorsal. 43. Bennet’s gland pore (BG), left. 44. Pores of spermathecal head (HS), left. Scale bars, 41 = 100µm, 42 = 30µm, 43, 44 = 10µm.

FIGURES 56–61. Vytfutia spp., male leg I with clasping modification of metatarsus. 56, 58, 61. Dorsal. 57, 59, 60. Retrolateral. 56, 57. Vytfutia bedel Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986, Holotype male from Gunung Leuser, border of National Park at Bohorok in primary rainforest, N. Sumatra, Indonesia, left. 58, 59. Vytfutia labalaba new species, Holotype male from the wall of a building at 1550m elevation on Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah-Borneo, Malaysia, CASENT9023842, right. 60, 61. Vytfutia pallens Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989, male paratype from Niah Cave, Sarawak, Malaysia, right. Scale bar = 1mm.