Oxyporus (Oxyporus) rufus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Tokareva, Alexandra S., Konstantinov, Fedor V., Brunke, Adam J. & Solodovnikov, Alexey, 2021, DNA-barcode and endophallus morphology delimit congruent species in a systematic revision of the oxyporine rove beetles of Russia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxyporinae), Contributions to Zoology 90 (2), pp. 344-407 : 394-399

Oxyporus (Oxyporus) rufus Linneus , 1758

( figs 3D , 14C, D )

Oxyporus rufus : Linnaeus, 1758: 422; Kirschenblatt, 1938: 530; Shavrin and Gildenkov, 2009: 123 (as O. rufus osawai ); Shabalin, 2012: 414. There are also a number of published, more or less precise records from European Russia in the faunistic literature.

Material examined. FINLAND: 1 ex., Rajala, Saima-Kanal , [61.0732N 28.3020E], 3.VII.1910, Adelung leg. ( ZISP) ; 1 ex., Rajala, Saima-Kanal , [61.0732N 28.3020E] 14.VII.1907, Adelung leg. ( ZISP) ; LITHUANIA: ♀, Vilnius , [54.7566N 25.4329E], VIII.1960, Kryzhanovskij leg. ( ZISP) ; CZECH REPUBLIC: ♂, Tachlovice , [49.9890N 14.2358E], 1944, ( CNC) ; BULGARIA: ♂, Harmanli , [41.9285N 25.9224E], 9. VI.1974, O. Morek leg. ( CNC) ; UKRAINE: Poltava Province: 1 ex., Yaresky , [49.8483N 33.9226E], 7.VII.1925, Fabri leg. ( ZISP) ; Zhytomir Province: 1 ex., Zhytomir , [50.2816N 28.6790E], 16. VI.1897, Birulya leg. ( ZISP) ; Khmel’nitskaya Province: 1 ex., Kam’yanets’ -Podil’s’kyi, [48.6709N 26.5788E] 1907, Yakubovsky leg. ( ZISP) ; AZERBAIJAN: Astara Province: ♀, Astara, near Talysh river , [38.4927N 48.8596E], 19.VII.1932, Znoyko leg. ( ZISP) ; GEORGIA: Tbilisi Province: 1 ex., Bakuriani , [41.7502N 43.5464E], 19. VI.1910, L. Mlokosewitsch leg. ( ZISP) ; 3 ex., near Lagodekhi , [41.8463N 46.2786E], 24.IX.1968, in lamellate fungus, Kryzhanovskij leg. ( ZISP) ; KAZAKHSTAN: 1 ex., Katon-Karagay Nature Preserve, near Bukhtarma river , [49.1736N 85.5791E], 15.VII.1989, Kastcheev leg. ( ZISP) ; RUSSIA: Crimea Republic: 1 ex., Kuybyshevo , [44.6286N 33.8630E], 27. V.1921, Kyzeritsky leg. ( ZISP) ; Kaliningrad Province: 1 ex., near Chernyakhovsk , [54.6150N 21.8517E], 21.VII.2001, Alekseev leg. ( ZISP) ; Komi Republic: Ukhtinsky Province , [63.5292N 53.7015E], 4.IX.1949, ( ZISP) ; 1 ex., Ust-Tsilma , [65.3782N 52.3784E], 16. VI.1811, Trzheskovsky leg. ( ZISP) ; Leningrad Province: 1 ex., Saint Peterburg, Kamenny Island , [59.9785N 30.2898E], Yakobson leg. ( ZISP) ; ♀, 59.59N 31.09E, ( ZISP) ; ♀, Peterhof District, Lebyazhye , [59.9554N 29.4305E 2.VII.1899], L. Bianchi leg. ( ZISP) ; ♀, Peterhof ,, 59.8948N 131.3649E, 4.VIII.2018, A. Tokareva leg. ( ZISP) ; Lodeynopolsky District, Zaostrovye , [59.7159N 29.5204E], VII.2002, ( ZISP) ; ♂, north to Novinka , [59.2041N 30.3626E], 28.VII.1999, Kabakov leg. ( ZISP) ; Olgino , [59.9941N 30.1291E,] VI.1898, Tschitscherin leg. ( ZISP) ; ♂, Luga District, railway to Warsaw , [58.7142N 29.8115E], 25.VII.1905, Chekini leg. ( ZISP) ; ♀, Malta , [52.8523N 103.5001E], 12. VI.1909, Tver Province : 1 ex., Bologoye , [57.8844N Plyushchinskaya leg. ( ZISP); Republic of 34.0349E], 3.VII.1804 ( ZISP) ; Tula Province: 1 Chuvashia: 2 ♂, Ilyinka, [56.1807N 46.8262E], ex., Aleksin , [54.5154N 37.1242E], 15.VII.1898, 29.VII.1928, “Zoological expedition” leg .

Bezval leg. ( ZISP); Ryazan Province: 2 ( ZISP); 2 ex., Ilyinka, [56.1807N 46.8262E], ex., Zaraysk District , [54.7492N 38.8962E], 25.VII.1928, “Zoological expedition” leg .

Rybakov leg. ( ZISP); 1 ex., Miloslavsky District, ( ZISP); Republic of Adygea: 7ex., Guzeripl , Gremyachka , [53.9212N 39.5226E], 2.VI.1990, road to cordon, [43.9996N 40.1294E] , Semenov leg. ( ZISP); Moscow Province: 1 15–16.VII.1971, in fungi , Pototskaya leg.

ex., Boblovo, [56.3824N 37.0132E], 10.VI.1904, (CNC); Perm Territory : ♂, Kishert’ District, Smirnov leg. ( ZISP) ; Yaroslavl Province: 1 ex., Predural’sky forestry, [57.2317N 57.8849E], Belkino , [57.4550N, 39.7507E] 11–18.VI.1896, 6.VII.1961, Ponomareva leg. ( ZISP) ; Republic Kokuev leg. ( ZISP) ; Voronezh Province: ♂, of Bashkortostan: 1 ex., Irgizly, [52.9632N 30 km South from Ostrogozhsk , [50.6382N 57.0292E], 6–7.VII.1999, Yakobson & Schmidt 39.1343E], 18.VII.2000, in fungi, Zurikov leg. ( ZISP) ; 1 ex., Primorsky Territory : 2 leg. ( ZISP) ; Lipetsk Province: ♀, “Galichya ♂, Barabash-Levada, near Komissarovka Gora” Natural Reserve, Morozova Gora area , river, [46.8000N 143.0702E], 25.VII.1978, in [52.6011N 38.9262E], 6.VII.1995, oak forest, in lamellate fungi, Filatova leg. ( FEB RAS) ; 2 Xerocomus sp. , Zurikov leg. (ZISP); Belgorod ex., Khasansky District, near Ryazanovka, Province : 3 ♀, Borisovka District ,, “Belogorye” [42.7995N 131.2404E], 13.VII.1979, Plutenko leg.

NatureReserve, 50.6145N 35.9694E, 18.VII.2019, (FEB RAS); 3 ex., Gornotaezhnoe , 43.6945N A. Tokareva leg. ( ZISP) ; 1 ex., Novooskolsky 132.15203E, 2–21.IX.2018, in fungi, A. Tokareva District, [50.8191N 37.781576E], 9. VI.1897, leg. ( ZISP) ; ♂, Vladivostok , 43.2328N 132.0412E, Lindholm leg. ( ZISP) ; 1 ex., Volgograd 16.IX.2014, Leley leg. ( FEB RAS) ; Pogranichny Province : [48.6594N 45.1542E], 9.VII.1990, District, Pogranichny suburbs , 5 ex., 44.4230N Grebennikov leg. ( ZISP) ; Krasnodar Territory : 131.3649E, 20.VIII.2019, A.Tokareva leg. ( ZISP) .

♀, Sosnovka, [44.5312N 38.1036E], 21.V.1906, Diagnosis. Pronotum reddish-yellow,

V. I. Vorobyev leg. ( ZISP); ♀, Ubinskaya , smooth; pleurites and ventrite of mesotho- [44.7339N 38.5430E]: 14. V.1970, in Russula sp. , rax black; legs reddish with black coxae; Pototskaya leg. ( CNC); ♂, 23. V.1970, in Russula elytra black with two reddish-yellow spots sp., Pototskaya leg. ( CNC); 2 ex., Saratovskaya at base; abdomen reddish with black apex .

station, [44.7164N 39.2307E], 16.VI .1987 , Endophallus: apical distal lobe membranose, Solodovnikov leg. (ZISP); Samara Province: bent ventrad, dorsal and additional pairs

♀, Samara, [53.2942N 50.2117E], ex coll. Faust, of spicules form a cylinder broadening into ( ZISP) ; 1 ex., near Bezymyanka river , [52.3895N weakly sclerotized oval supporting walls of 51.3916E], 21. VI .1897, Vagner leg. (ZISP); 1 ex., the distal lobe ( fig. 14C, D ).

Maryevka, [52.5611N 49.4574E], 21.VI.1996, Redescription. Body length 6.5–11.5 mm (n Ishin leg. ( ZISP); Saratov Province: 1 ex., = 10). Head subovate to round, smooth, black .

unknown locality, 12.VII.1906, Boldyrev leg. Pronotum without transverse elevation, (ZISP); Stavropolsky Territory: ♂, Stavropol, smooth. Elytra black with two reddish-yellow [45.0642N 41.9628E], VIII.1932, V. Luchnik leg. spots at base. Mesoepisterna and epimera (ZISP); Tyumen Province: ♀, near Tyumen, with punctation, black. Abdomen reddish Uspenka [57.0769N 65.0684E], 12.VII.1959, with black apex. Aedeagus: median lobe api- L. Medvedev leg. (ZISP); Irkutsk Province: cally rounded Downloaded ; endophallus from Brill .com: with 12/12twin-coned /2023 04:19:55PM via Open Access. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ spherical dorsal lobe covered with medi- triangulum; var. D.S.; Oyama 24.5.1880 Lewis\ um-sized denticles and two slightly transverse Japan. G. Lewis\ Sharp Coll.; 1905-313’ (NHM).

ventral lobes covered with tiny granulation, Other material examined. RUSSIA:

pair of relatively big spherical lateral lobes, Sakhalin Province: ♀, Kunashir Island ,

and membranous apical distal lobe bent ven- Tretjakovo, [43.9891N 145.6419E], 1.VII.1973,

trad, with pair of ventral spiculae tapering on fungi, I. Kerzhner leg. (ZISP); ♀, Kunashir towards apex and pairs of dorsal and addi- Island, stream Zolotoy, [44.1725N 145.9470E], tional spiculae forming a complex, broaden- 22.IX.1981, I. Kabakov leg. (ZISP); ♂, Kunashir ing into weakly sclerotized oval supporting Island, Tretjakovo, [43.9891N 145.6419E], walls of the distal lobe ( figs 3D , 14C, D ). 1.VII.1971, Dolin leg. (ZISP); ♂, Kunashir Comparison. Among all other species of Island, Stolbchaty Cape, [44.0055N 145.7013E], Oxyporus in Russia, O. rufus is easy to distin- 23.IX.2009, Melnik leg. (KMk); ♀, Kunashir guish by its stable and distinct coloration. In Island, Stolbchaty Cape, [44.0055N 145.7013E],

case of color aberration, this species is eas- 3.VII.2013, Yu. & L. Sundukovs leg. (KMk);

ily distinguished by the apical distal lobe of ♂, Kunashir Island , Tretjakovo , [43.9891N endophallus, which is curved ventrad and has 145.6419E], 1.VII.1957, Kabakov leg. ( ZISP); central sclerites widening towards apex. ♂, Kunashir Island, Zolotaya river, [44.3571N Distribution. Oxyporus rufus is a wide- 146.0403E], 23.VII.1988, Kabakov leg. ( ZISP) .

spread Transpalaearctic species (Herman, Diagnosis. Pronotum black, with trans- 2001). In Russia, it is known from its European verse elevation followed by impression;

part, Siberia (numerous records) and Far mesepimera and mesepisterna with coarse

East localities (Kirschenblatt, 1938; Shavrin & punctation; elytra black and yellow with Gildenkov, 2009; Shabalin, 2012) ( fig. 12A ). wide triangle longitudinal black band in the Bionomics. A relatively complete account middle. Aedeagus: median lobe with apically of all earlier published data concerning bion- two-pointed; endophallus: apical distal lobe omics of this species can be found in Tokareva membranous, slightly bent antero-dorsad,

et al. (2020). slightly widened at secondary gonopore; pair Comments. Oxyporus rufus is here con- of dorsal and ventral spiculae connected by firmed as a single, widespread species based common weak basal sclerotization; ligament on the examination of DNA barcodes from a sclerite distinct ( fig. 15A, B ).

large sample of specimens. Redescription. Body length 8–13.4 mm (n

= 13). Head subovate to round, smooth, dark Oxyporus (Oxyporus) triangulus Sharp, 1889 brown to black. Pronotum with transverse

( figs 4A , 15A, B ) elevation, black. Elytron with dense puncta- Oxyporus triangulus : Sharp, 1889: 407; tion across disk, black and yellow with wide Shabalin, 2012: 415. triangular black band across in the middle

(not reaching humerus). Mesoepisterna and

Type material examined. JAPAN: Lectotype, epimera with punctation, black. Abdomen here designated: ♂, ‘ Oxyporus triangulum ; black. Male genitalia: median lobe apically

Type D.S.; Oyama 24.5.1880 Lewis \ Type \ two-pointed; inner aedeagal sac with twin- Japan. G. Lewis \ Sharp Coll.; 1905-313’ ( NHM); coned spherical dorsal lobe covered with Paralectotypes: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, ‘ Oxyporus triangulum ; medium-sized denticles and slightly trans-

var. D.S.; Nikko. Japan. Lewis\ Japan. G. Lewis verse ventral lobe covered with tiny gran-

\ Sharp Coll.; 1905-313’ (NHM); ♂, ‘ Oxyporus ulation, pair Downloaded of spherical from Brill lateral.com 12lobes /12/2023, and 04:19:55PM via Open Access. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

membranous apical distal lobe with pair from which it differs in the wider triangular of ventral and pair of dorsal thin spiculae, black band on elytra and in the structure of adjunct to common basal sclerotization and the apical sclerites of the endophallus (e.g., widening towards apex, and ligament sclerite the absence of the strongly sclerotized apical ( figs 4A , 15A, B ). hook).

Comparison. Among Russian Oxyporus , O. Distribution. Oxyporus triangulus is known triangulus is most similar to O. maxillosus , from the Downloaded islands from of Brill Kyushu.com 12(Sharp /12/2023, 04 1889:19:55), PM via Open Access. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Hokkaido, Honshu, and Shikoku (Nakane and Upper Pyankovka and Kebezen [in Russian]\ Sawada, 1956) in Japan, South Korea (Hwang Oxyporus ; cyanipennis, sp.n.; Kirschenblatt and Ahn, 2000) and Primorsky Territory in det.\ Holotypus; Oxyporus ; cyanipennis Russia (Shabalin, 2012 and our data) ( fig. 10B ). Kirsch.; ver. Makranczy, 2005\ Pseudoxyporus ; Bionomics. Currently unknown. cyanipennis Kirschenblatt ; det. Makranczy, Comments. Oxyporus triangulus , described 2005’ (ZISP).

from Japan, was only recently recorded for Other material examined. RUSSIA: Russia (Shabalin, 2012). Examination of the Primorsky Territory : ♀, Anisimovka , Litovka endophallus of the Japanese and Russian mountain , [43.10263N 132.78437E], 3.V.1975, specimens confirmed their conspecificity A. V. Plutenko leg. ( FEB RAS); ♂, Suputinsky ,

and thus corroborated Shabalin’s record. [43.6327N 132.2902E], 20.VI.1961, Kabakov leg.

Unfortunately, none of the available dried (ZISP).

specimens of this species produced barcode Diagnosis. Head bicolored, scutellum with sequences. faint punctures, elytra metallic blue with dense rough punctation. Ventral lobe of endo- Subgenus Pseudoxyporus Nakane & Sawada , phallus transversely divided.

1956 Redescription. Body length: 7.5–8.4 mm

(n = 3). Head round to subovate, smooth, Diagnosis. Labrum without median line. Frons black and red. Pronotum smooth, with-

with median fovea or suboblong foveoid out distinct protuberances on posterior impression, and with such depressions on angles. Scutellum with several faint puncsides; antennae slender, as long as or longer tures. Elytra with irregular rough puncta-

than head, pubescent, medial antennom- tion, metallic blue with red-yellow humeri.

eres longer than width. Mentum trapezoid, Mesepisterna and epimera smooth, red.

evenly sclerotised, without membranous Abdominal segments I-VI pale yellow to dark flaps on each side. Posterior pronotal angles red, sometimes with black areas on tergite usually with protuberances. Protarsomeres and sternite VI, segments VII-IX dark brown dorso-ventrally flattened, feebly dilated with to black. Aedeagus: median aedeagal lobe fine and dense pubescence on ventral side with oval aperture with membrane at dorsal of basal tarsomeres. Aedeagus: parameres side of basal bulb and with acute apex; endoabout as long as median lobe, or at least phallus: with single dorsal circular lobe with half of its length; median lobe cylindrical, as fine granulation and twin-coned ventral strongly sclerotized as basal bulb, ventral wall lobe subdivided by transverse line covered sclerotized, median orifice opened apically with medium-sized denticles; apical distal (Nakane & Sawada, 1956). lobe ventrally curved and consisting of three solid sclerites forming two shells and apical Oxyporus (Pseudoxyporus) cyanipennis hood, apical membranous shell with mas-

Kirshenblat, 1938 sive distinct sclerite inside protruding from

( figs 4B , 15C, D ) hood ( figs 4B , 15C, D ).

O. cyanipennis : Kirshenblat, 1938: 528; Comparison. This species is easy to distin- Shabalin, 2012: 415; Makranczy 2012: 115. guish from any other Oxyporus in Russia due to its spectacular coloration alone.

Type material examined. RUSSIA: Holotype: Distribution. Oxyporus cyanipennis is

♂, ‘(gold colored paper disk)\ Between known from Downloaded Russia from: Brill Primorsky.com 12/12Territory /2023 04:19:55PM via Open Access. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (Kirschenblatt, 1938; Shabalin, 2012) and Japan (Shibata, 1997) ( fig. 10A ).

Bionomics. Unknown.

Comments. This rare and remarkable species, described from Russia, was later revised by Makranczy (2012), where the photo of habitus, detailed description, and figures of endophallus inside the median lobe were presented for the first time. Even though at the moment it is very easy to distinguish this species based on the coloration alone, here we report the structure of its fully everted endophallus and CO1 sequence for the first time.

Figures

FIGURE 3 Oxyporus of Russia. Habitus.A – male and female of O. (O.) maxillosus; B – male and female of O. (O.) niger; C – male and female of O. (O.) mannerheimii; D – male and female of O. (O.) rufus; E – male of O.(O.) aequicollis (new synonym of O.(O.) basicornis); F – female of O. (O.) basicornis; G – female of O. (O.) germanus. Scale bar:1 mm.

FIGURE 4 Oxyporus of Russia.Habitus.A – male and female of O. (O.) triangulus; B – male and female of O. (P.) cyanipennis; C – male and female of O. (P.) melanocephalus; D – male and female of O. (O.) procerus; E – male of O. (P.) dybowskii.Scale bar:1 mm.

FIGURE 10 Distributional maps of O. (P.) cyanipennis,O. (P.) melanocephalus, and O. (P.) dybowskii (A); O. (O.) procerus, O. (O.) triangulus, and O. (O.) niger (B); O. (P.) dybowskii O. (O.) basicornis and O. (O.) germanus (C).

FIGURE 12 Distributional maps of O. (O.) rufus and O. (O.) mannerheimii (A); and O. (O.) maxillosus (B). Material examined abbreviated as ME.

FIGURE 14 Schemes and photos of everted endophallus of O. (O.) procerus (A, B) and O. (O.) rufus (C, D). Acronyms: adsp – additional spiculae; ddl – dorsal distal lobe; dsp – dorsal spiculae; lgsc – ligament sclerite; ltl – lateral lobe; vl – ventral lobe; vsp – ventral spiculae. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 15 Schemes and photos of everted endophallus of O. (O.) triangulus (A, B) and O. (P.) cyanipennis (C, D).Acronyms: ddl – dorsal distal lobe; dsp – dorsal spiculae; lgsc – ligament sclerite; vsp – ventral spiculae. Scale bar: 0.1mm.