Simothraulopsis demerara Traver, 1947

Nascimento, Stênio Raniery de Sousa, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa & de Azevêdo, Carlos Augusto Silva, 2020, Leptophlebiidae Banks, 1900 (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) from Maranhão state, Brazil, Check List 16 (3), pp. 579-591 : 584-586

Simothraulopsis demerara Traver, 1947

Figures 19, 38

Thraulus demerara Traver 1947: 150 ; Traver 1960: 73.

Simothraulopsis surinamensis Demoulin 1966: 18 ; Hubbard 1982: 266.

Simothraulopsis demerara — Domínguez et al. 1997: 146 (synonym of S. surinamensis ).

Simothraulopsis demerara — Kluge 2007: 388; Salles et al. 2010: 306; Gama-Neto and Hamada 2014: 285; Nascimento et al. 2017: 9; Faria and Salles 2019: 376; Raimundi 2019: 40.

Diagnosis. Male imago: 1) general coloration: thorax orangish brown, abdomen grayish brown ( Fig. 19); 2) forewing with two costal cross veins basal to bulla; 3) hind wing with costal projection well developed, forming an acute angle, located approximately 2/3 distance from base to apex of wing; 4) abdominal segments II–V with translucent white basal bands ( Fig. 19); 5) penis projection spine-like, long and anteriorly directed ( Fig. 38); 6) penis lobes fused on basal ⅓ ( Fig. 38); 7) ventral region of penis lobes without a well-marked sclerotized region ( Fig. 38). Adapted from Traver (1947).

Geographical distribution. Brazil: states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão *, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, Pernambuco, Piauí Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins. French Guy- ana, Guyana, Surinamee, and Venezuela.

Material examined. BRAZIL • 7 imagos ♂; Maranhão state, Caxias municipality, Pé da Serra, Rio Itapecuru ; 05°07′28.5″S, 043°33′02.3″W; 68 m a.s.l.; 01 Feb. 2014; S. R. S. Nascimento, D.C. Sousa and G. R. D. Gomes leg; light trap; LEAq . • 6 imagos ♂; same locality, 19 Dec. 2017 . • 1 imago ♂; 20 Dec. 2017; S. R. S. Nascimento, J.I.S. Jesus, D.C. Sousa and M.A.G. Almeida leg; light trap; LEAq . • 9 imagos ♂; 08 Mar. 2018; S. R.S. Nasci- mento, L. R. C. Lima, M.A.G. Almeida, J.A.O. Rodrigues and D.A. Barbosa leg; light trap; LEAq . • 5 imagos ♂; 19 Nov. 2018. • 9 imagos ♂; 21 Nov. 2018; S. R. S. Nascimento and J.I.S. Jesus leg; light trap; LEAq . • 3 imagos ♂; Ma- ranhão state, Caxias municipality, Mangueira, Rio Itapecuru ; 05°07′05.5″S, 043°33′47.8″W; 69 m a.s.l.; 09 Mar. 2018; S. R. S. Nascimento, L. R. C. Lima, M.A.G. Almeida, J.A.O. Rodrigues and D.A. Barbosa leg; light trap; LEAq . • 13 imagos ♂; Maranhão state, Caxias municipality, Ri- acho Guarimã ; 04°50′02.9″S, 043°29′06.1″W; 51 m a.s.l.; 16 Jun. 2018; S. R. S. Nascimento leg; light trap; LEAq . • 18 imagos ♂; Maranhão state, Caxias municipality, Bu- riti do Meio Municipal Environmental Protection Area, Riacho Jatobá ; 04°54′34.4″S, 043°07′00.7″W; 81 m a.s.l.; S. R. S. Nascimento leg; light trap; LEAq . • 3 imagos ♂; Maranhão state, Carolina municipality, National Park Chapada das Mesas , Farinha River , Cachoeira da Prata Waterfall ; 06°59′37.8″S, 047°09′58.1″W; 201 m a.s.l.; 17 May. 2018; L. R. C. Lima and S. R. S. Nascimento leg; light trap; LEAq . • 3 imagos ♂; Maranhão state, Codó municipality, Rio Saco ; 04°31′57.3″S, 043°54′48.4″W; 62 m a.s.l.; 11 Sep. 2018; S. R. S. Nascimento leg; light trap; LEAq . • 1 imago ♂; Maranhão state, Timbiras mu- nicipality, Caixa D’água, Rio Itapecuru ; 04°16′41.0″S, 043°57′16.3″W; 21 m a.s.l.; 13 Sep. 2018; S. R.S. Nasci- mento leg; light trap; LEAq . • 1 subimago ♂; 1 exuviae ♂; Maranhão state, Aldeias Altas municipality, Riacho Poção ; 04°40′20.5″S, 043°32′21.4″W; 52 m a.s.l.; 04 Oct. 2018; S. R. S. Nascimento leg; Creation; LEAq . • 11 ima- gos ♂; Maranhão state, Codó municipality, Rio Saco , BR316 ; 04°37′29.4″S, 043°54′09.1″W; 63 m a.s.l.; 22 Oct. 2019; S. R. S. Nascimento, L. R. C. Lima and J.I.S. Jesus leg; light trap; CZMA .