Coptus brevirostris Omar and Zhang, 2017

Davis, Steven R., 2017, Coptus Wollaston (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cossoninae): A genus new to China with descriptions of two new species, Zootaxa 4312 (2), pp. 381-393 : 383-385

Coptus brevirostris Omar and Zhang sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–3 , 7–28 )

Holotype. Ƌ. China. Yunnan Province: [ Menglun Botanical Garden [21.55N, 101.15E]; 24 VII 1959; leg. Yiran Zhang. (IOZ)]. Paratypes. 3♀, same data as the holotype.

Diagnosis. Body 4.20 mm in length. Rostrum short, gently curved and convex along basal one third, anterior half flat, nearly paralleled-sided, slightly widening at mandibles, with oblong, wide depression at base of basal half. Scrobe triangular, located at basal 1/2 of rostrum and reaching anterior margin of eye; point of antennal insertion at base of rostrum. Antennal scape reaching posterior margin of eye. Eyes strongly convex towards postero-dorsal margin, with coarse, convex facets. Pronotum with dense subcircular punctures throughout, punctures separated by approximately 1– 2 x puncture diameter. Elytral striae with shallow, circular punctures, punctures separated by approximately 0.5 x puncture diameter.

Description. Holotype, male. Measurements: BL: 4.20 mm; EL: 2.31 mm; EWB: 1.04 mm; EWW: 1.04 mm; PL: 0.91 mm; PW: 0.80 mm; RL: 0.45 mm; RWA: 0.42 mm; RWB: 0.39 mm; AL: 0.72 mm; ASL: 0.35 mm; AFL: 0.22 mm; ACL: 0.15 mm; ACW: 0.13 mm. Female. Measurements: BL: 3.20–4.00 mm; EL: 1.91– 2.00mm; EWB: 0.73–90mm; EWW: 0.73–0.90mm; PL: 0.77–0.88mm; PW: 0.66–0.78mm; RL: 0.40–0.44mm; RWA: 0.32–0.37mm; RWB: 0.32–0.37mm; AL: 0.72–0.87mm; ASL: 0.33–0.39mm; AFL: 0.22–0.28mm; ACL: 0.17–0.20mm; ACW: 0.14– 0.14 mm. Habitus ( Figs. 1–3 ): small, curved, oblong. Color: chestnut brown, glossy, glabrous. Rostrum ( Fig. 3 ): a mixture of chestnut brown to black, short, gently curved and convex at basal 1/3, anterior half linear, nearly parallel-sided, slightly widening near mandibles, with dense oblong punctures throughout, punctures separated by 1– 2x diameter of puncture; rostrum with wide oblong depression at base of basal half. Scrobe: conspicuous, deep, triangular, located at basal 1/2 of rostrum and reaching anterior margin of eye; point of antennal insertion at base of rostrum; dorsal margin at middle directed towards upper middle of eye, then extending towards ventral margin of eye, slightly flanged laterally; ventral margin extending under eye. Mouthparts: labium ( Fig. 11 ) with 3-segmented palpus; basal segment with one dorsal seta, remaining two segments without setae; prementum with two dorsal setae (one at each dorso-lateral corner); postmentum with two dorsal setae (one at each dorso-lateral corner); mandibles weakly falcate; left mandible ( Fig. 12 ) with two incisors and molar region, outermost incisor larger, and one seta along outer margin; maxilla ( Fig. 13 ) with 3- segmented palpus, palpi lacking setae; stipes with two large dorsal setae; palpiger with one dorsal seta, outer margin shallowly crenulate, projecting distally and nearly as long as palpus; galeo-lacinial complex with large, paddle-shaped setae along mesal margin; elongate, slender setae along mesal margin of lacinia. Antennae: chestnut brown, glossy, long, stout; scape clavate, touching posterior margin of eye, curved upwards at middle, slightly shorter than length of funicle and club combined, apical half robust; funicle compact, with 7 subclavate articles, each with fine, sparse, suberect setae; first article longer and wider than second; club composed of 3 articles, pale yellowish-brown, ovate, compressed (dorso-ventrally flattened), with short appressed and sub-erect setae. Head: constricted behind eyes, constriction strong laterally and shallow dorsally, with dense oval punctures, punctures separated by approximately 1– 2x puncture diameter before constriction; after constriction finely wrinkled, with some minute punctures; vertex with some fine circular punctures; shallow circular fovea on dorsum at middle of post-ocular constriction; frons as broad as rostrum base or slightly less; eyes reddish-brown with some black maculae; black band around boundary, protruding, strongly convex towards postero-dorsal margin, oval, with coarse, convex facets; widely separated dorsally, located laterally before base of rostrum. Pronotum: longer than wide, constricted anteriorly, constriction strong laterally and shallow dorsally, forming collar with black line; curved dorsally, with dense subcircular punctures throughout, punctures separated by approximately 1– 2 x puncture diameter, with median abbreviated line at basal 1/2; basal margin sub-linear, lateral margins nearly straight, nearly parallel-sided. Scutellum: cardiform, dark brown, glossy, glabrous, slightly sunken below level of elytra, flat. Metanotum ( Fig. 16 ): metanotum with metascutum reaching postero-lateral margin of notum; scutellar groove not reaching posterior margin of notum; allocrista angular (but slightly surpassing a right angle) at antero-mesal angle; metascutellum large, each region on either side of scutellar groove triangular. Metendosternite ( Fig. 17 ): with long, narrow hemiductus; furcal arm narrow, apex shallowly bifid; anterior tendons inserted near midway between longitudinal flange and base of furcal arms, slightly closer to the latter. Elytra: slightly wider than pronotum, shiny, disc convex, uniform; lateral sides parallel until declivity, then moderately tapered to apex; apical margin rounded; base sub-linear, slightly protruded to fit pronotum; elytral suture elevated slightly from disc; striae with shallow circular punctures, punctures separated by approximately 0.5x puncture diameter or less; stria 6 not reaching base, striae 1 and 2 deeper at base; intervals flat, wider than striae, sub-equal in width, with single row of fine punctures, puncture rows increasing in number beyond declivity on intervals 1–3; intervals 1 and 2 dilated beyond declivity, intervals 4 and 6 united together at declivity, intervals 7 and 9 united and barely elevated slightly beyond declivity then connected with interval 3 slightly before apex; humeri truncate, umbonate. Hindwing ( Figs. 14–15 ): slender, lacking jugal area (anal lobe); rf (incorrectly referred to as Rr [radial recurrent vein] in Omar et al. 2014) apparently forked, upper part contiguous with R apically, lower part branching from R more basally and abbreviated apically, not reaching rcm; rcm narrowly divided into upper and lower portions; rc absent; 1rs triangular and larger than 2rs; R3 present, forming a very thin, sclerotized stripe; Cu nearly reaching posterior margin of wing; r-m absent (or at least weakly-sclerotized and indiscernible), rms partially present; 2A simple, other anal veins absent (hind wing terminology sensu Zherikhin and Gratshev 1995).

Abdominal terga: female ( Fig. 28 ) with entire median sclerites on tergites 4–6, those on tergite 3 partial; without strongly sclerotized bands, median sclerites uniform in sclerotization.

Venter: with sparse fine punctures throughout, punctures separated by 3– 5x puncture diameter; prosternum shallowly and sparsely punctate; procoxae separated by 0.5x diameter of coxa; mesoventrite with mesocoxae separated by distance of one diameter of coxa; posterior margin linear, black; metaventrite long, posterior margin bisinuate, with medial furrow along posterior half; ventrites with sparse circular punctures; ventrites I and II wide, separated by shallow furrow which is distinct laterally and obscure ventrally; punctures on I–II separated by approximately 3– 4x puncture diameter, with minute suberect setae; III and IV sub-equal in width, with row of punctures at outer margin; V rounded at apex, with fine sparse punctures, oblong transverse depression at apex. Legs ( Figs. 7–10 ): femur longer than tibia, rugose, robust at distal 2/3, slightly flattened laterally, sparsely punctate; tibia moderately strong, with sparse elliptical punctures; uncus at outer apical angle approximately equal to tarsomere five in length, small mucro on inner apical margin; front tibia with setal comb along distal margin before uncus, with small black projection along inner subapical margin and more proximal than mucro (adjacent to the distal comb of setae and above the tarsal groove); tarsus with tarsomeres slightly compact, distal margins bearing pale suberect setae; tarsomere 1 longer than wide, 2 normal, 3 entire or slightly notched, 5 long, clavate, smooth, glossy, curved, compressed laterally; pretarsal ungues (claws) simple.

Male terminalia and genitalia ( Figs. 18–24 ): Spiculum gastrale of sternite IX broadly curved, with expanded, flattened apex, base narrow, bifid. Eighth sternite divided, small, rounded basally, narrowing acutely anteriorly, not bearing setae; apical membranous area with a dense covering of acute triangular spines. Tegmen complete; broad dorsal parameroid lobes present; manubrium fairly long, slightly less than length of tegmen (including dorsal lobes), wide basally and broadly narrowing apically, with central longitudinal rib bearing 2 elongate spines at posterior margin. Penis with median struts (temones) ca. 3.5 x length of median lobe; apico-lateral margins of median lobe bearing patches of setae; endophallus (internal sac) bearing several small, elongate, paired sclerotizations near apex.

Female terminalia and genitalia ( Figs. 25–27 ): Gonocoxites of typical form; coxites oblong, incomplete baso-laterally at attachment to oviduct; styli elongate, narrow, each stylus bearing ca. 5 apical setae. Spermatheca falciform, apex strongly curved and narrowing; surface with rugulose texture. Eighth sternite with posterior margin rounded, slightly elongate; spiculum (spiculum ventrale) long, narrow, slightly more than 2 x length of base; base of spiculum bifurcate, arms of base extending nearly to posterior margin of sternite; posterior margin of sternite with many setae.

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin words "brevis" = short and "rostris" = rostrum.

Host plant: Unknown.

Distribution: Yunnan Province, southern China.

Sexual dimorphism: The male rostrum is longer than that of the female and widens at its apex, whereas the female rostrum is parallel-sided.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. 1 – 3, Coptus brevirostris. 1, dorsal view; 2, lateral view; 3, antero – dorsal view of head and pronotum. 4 – 6, Coptus vitreous. 4, dorsal view; 5, lateral view; 6, antero-dorsal view of head and pronotum.

FIGURES 7 – 10. Coptus brevirostris, SEM micrographs of legs. 7, fore leg; 8, middle leg; 9, hind leg; 10, distal end of metatibia and metatarsus.

FIGURES 11 – 13. Coptus brevirostris, mouthparts. 11, labium, ventral view; 12, left mandible, dorsal view; 13, left maxilla, dorsal view.

FIGURES 14 – 17. Coptus brevirostris. 14, hind wing: C = Costa, Sc = Subcosta, R = radius, rcm = margin of radial cell, rf = radial fold, 1 rs – 2 rs = radial sclerites, rms = radiomedial sclerotization, R 3 = 3 rd radial vein, pst = postradial stripe, mst = medial stripe, Cu = Cubital, af = apical fold of Cu, 2 A = 2 nd anal vein; 15, hind wing (photomicrograph); 16, metanotum; 17, metendosternite, arrow pointing to anterior tendon.

FIGURES 18 – 21. Coptus brevirostris, male terminalia. 18, aedeagus, dorsal view (photomicrograph); 19, ditto; 20, aedeagus, lateral view (photomicrograph); 21, ditto.

FIGURES 22 – 28. Coptus brevirostris. 22 – 24, male terminalia. 22, 8 th and 9 th sternites, dorsal view (photomicrograph); 23, ditto; 24, tegmen, dorsal view. 25 – 27, female terminalia. 25, spermatheca; 26, coxites and styli; 27, 8 th sternite. 28, tergum: SS = spiracular sclerites, MS = median sclerites.