Schendylops janelao, Nunes & Chagas-Jr & Bichuette, 2019

Nunes, Gabrielle Abreu, Chagas-Jr, Amazonas & Bichuette, Maria Elina, 2019, A new centipede Schendylops Cook from eastern Brazil: the first troglobitic geophilomorph for South America (Geophilomorpha, Schendylidae), Zootaxa 4691 (4), pp. 386-400 : 389-393

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.4.4
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:05E8776E-5339-47F0-90F8-A8D828E03838
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B07544-FFB3-FFF1-FF5F-FADFE1B1719B
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Schendylops janelao
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Schendylops janelao new species

Schendylops sp. ( Chagas-Jr & Bichuette 2018)

Figures 3 View FIGURE 3 B-7

Material examined. Male holotype from Gruta do Janelão Cave (15°06’S, 44°14’W) 600 m a.s.l., Januária Municipality, Minas Gerais State, eastern Brazil, collected by M.E. Bichuette, 22.vii.2012 ( LES 10574) GoogleMaps . Paratypes: LES 10573, female, same data as holotype; LES 10572, male, same data as holotype GoogleMaps . Additional material examined from the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro ( MNRJ): MNRJ30025 View Materials , Parque Nacional Itatiaia , Itamonte Municipality (Atlantic Forest domain), Minas Gerais State, Brazil (February 4, 1997) ; MNRJ30021 View Materials , Caeté Municipality (surface environment, Cerrado and “campos rupestres” vegetation type), Minas Gerais State, Brazil, Schendylidae (March 30, 2012) ; MNRJ30020 View Materials , Caeté Municipality (Cerrado and “campos rupestres” vegetation type), Minas Gerais State, Brazil, Schendylidae (March 30, 2012) ; MNRJ30012 View Materials , Januária Municipality (Cerrado domain), Minas Gerais State, Brazil, Schendylidae (March 30, 2012) ; MNRJ 30026 View Materials surroundings of Gruta Olhos d’Água Cave (epigean environment), Itacarambi Municipality (Cerrado-Caatinga transition vegetation type), Minas Gerais State, Schendylidae (June 26, 2001) ; Lapa do Baixão Cave , Iuiu municipality, Bahia State, Brazil (December 10, 2015)

Diagnosis. Schendylops janelao sp. n. is differentiated from other species by the following combination of characters. 54 leg-bearing segments ( Figure 2B View FIGURE 2 ). 4+6 setae on the anterior half of clypeus. Modified bristles in the last antennal article with claviform sensory setae ( Figures 3 View FIGURE 3 A–E). Mandible with 15 teeth and dentate lamella subdivided in three blocks with 3, 2, 7 on the right and 3, 2, 5 on the left. Labrum with 16 teeth ( Figure 4C View FIGURE 4 ). 2+3 setae on coxosternite of first maxillae. 10+10 setae of coxosternite of second maxillae ( Figure 5C View FIGURE 5 ). Claw of lateral legs with a large acces- sory spine with medial suture on coxosternum of second maxillae reaching to the posterior border. Number of pores on sterna (sternum II, 2 + 13 + 1; sternum X, 5 + 19 + 4; sternum XXIII, 36 + 21; sternum XXXII, 16 + 19; sternum L, 2 + 21 + 1; sternum LIII, 19) ( Figure 7 View FIGURE 7 A–E). Comparative characters with all Schendylops species are shown in Table 1 View TABLE 1 .

Remarks on type material. Two specimens (LES 10573 and LES 10572) were preserved partly in alcohol (trunks) and partly in one permanent slide mounted in Hoyer solution (head and mouth parts).

Description of male holotype. Fifty-four leg-bearing segments ( Figure 2B View FIGURE 2 ). Body length 28.0 mm; maximum body width 3.0 mm, length of cephalic plate 7.1 mm, width of forcipular coxosternum 5.3 mm. Length of antennae 2.6 mm. Length of ultimate legs 1.6 mm. Color in alcohol: pale yellow ( Figures 3A, 3B View FIGURE 3 ). Color of live specimen: pale yellow, darker head ( Figure 2B View FIGURE 2 ).

Head: Antennae ( Figure 3A, B, C, D, E View FIGURE 3 ): with 14 articles; ca. 4.8 times longer than the cephalic plate; total antennal length 2.6 mm. Antennal article (a.a.) II–XIII, 1.5–2.7 times longer than wide, the III a.a. more elongate than others; a.a. XIV 2.6 times longer than wide. Setae on a.a. I–IV setae mostly short, but some elongate; a.a. I and IV with ca. 2–3 very small-specialized setae with each one ending in three small apical branches. Terminal a.a. with ca. 19 claviform sensory setae on the lateral external apical edges. Cephalic plate: ( Figure 4A, B View FIGURE 4 ): slightly longer than wide (1.4), rounded at apex and slightly convex at base, chaetotaxy as in Figure 4B View FIGURE 4 . Clypeus with 1 + 1 postantennal setae, 7 + 5 median setae and 1 + 1 prelabral setae. Labrum ( Figure 4C View FIGURE 4 ): with 10 round-tipped teeth on the central arc, sidepieces with 2 + 4 teeth, each with a very sharp medial extension. Mandible: ( Figure 5A View FIGURE 5 ): with dentate lamella subdivided in 3 blocks with 3, 2, 7 on the right and 3, 2, 5 on the left. The pectinate lamella with ca. 15 hyaline teeth. First maxillae: with palps on both coxosternum and telopodites well developed. Coxosternum with 2 + 3 setae, median projection of coxosternum subtriangular with 1 + 1 setae ( Figure 5C View FIGURE 5 ). Article II of telopodite with 6 + 10 setae. Second maxillae: ( Figure 5C View FIGURE 5 ): with 10 + 11 setae on coxosternum. Apical claw well developed ( Figure 5D View FIGURE 5 ), bipectinate, the dorsal edge with ca 24–26 teeth and the ventral with ca. 21–22. Forcipular segment ( Figure 5B View FIGURE 5 ): When closed terminal podomeres not extending beyond the anterior margin of the head. Basal plate with 13 large setae and a few additional median and small setae dispersed on the remaining surface. Chaetotaxy of coxosternum and telopodites as in Figure 5B View FIGURE 5 , with median diastema. Calyx of venom gland cylindrical ( Figure 5D View FIGURE 5 ). Sterna: Pore fields present from the second sternum to penultimate (LIII), totally absent on the remaining sterna ( Figure 6 View FIGURE 6 A–F). On sterna II to X, fields are undivided, elliptical in form. On sterna XIII to L the fields are divided in two subsymmetrical subcircular areas. Shape of fields change posterior-anterior along the trunk. Number of pores on selected sterna: on sternum II, 2 + 13 + 1; on X, 5 + 19 + 4; on XXIII, 36 + 21; on XXXII, 16 + 19; on L, 2 + 21 + 1; on LIII, 19. Legs (except ultimate pair) ( Figures 7A, B View FIGURE 7 ): Chaetotaxy on anterior legs represented by well-distributed setae and just slightly less numerous ( Figure 7B View FIGURE 7 ), as well as smaller, than the posterior legs ( Figure 7A View FIGURE 7 ). Anterior ( Figure 7B View FIGURE 7 ) and posterior legs ( Figure 7A View FIGURE 7 ) with large setae; ventro-basal claws with one anterior spine well developed. Ultimate leg-bearing segment and terminal segments: with shape and chaetotaxy as in Figure 7D View FIGURE 7 . Metasternite sub-trapezoidal, circa 1.3–1.9 times as wide as long. Ultimate legs with seven well-elongated podomeres ( Figure 7D View FIGURE 7 ), total length 1.6 mm ( Figure 7E View FIGURE 7 ). Praetarsus a small tubercle with 1 small apical spine ( Figure 7E View FIGURE 7 ). Two single homogeneous coxal organs on each coxopleura, anterior and posterior coxal organs externally unilobed ( Figure 7D View FIGURE 7 ). Postpedal segments: Gonopods uniarticulate. Intermediate tergum and sternum with posterior margin convex. First genital sternum with posterior margin medially convex.

Distribution. Endemic solely to Gruta do Janelão Cave. The cave is formed from limestone rock, and is located in Januária Municipality, Peruaçu Caves National Park, north of Minas Gerais State, eastern Brazil.

Etymology. Named after Gruta do Janelão Cave, type-locality of S. janelao sp. n. and one of the most important caves in northern Minas Gerais State due its beauty, volume and archaeological records. The name “janelão” means “large window” because of several large entrances to the cave ( Figure 2A View FIGURE 2 ).