Cyathus asiaticus Z.Y. Duan & C.L. Zhao, 2023

Duan, Zi-Yan, Yang, Xin, Liu, Chao-Mao & Zhao, Chang-Lin, 2023, Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed two additional taxa in Cyathus (Agaricales, Basidiomycota), Phytotaxa 598 (1), pp. 1-20 : 7

Cyathus asiaticus Z.Y. Duan & C.L. Zhao , sp. nov. Figs. 3–6

MycoBank no.: MB 845559

Etymology:— asiaticus (Lat.) referring to the provenance (Asian) of the type specimen.

Holotype:— CHINA. Yunnan Province, Wenshan, Pingba Town , Huguangqing Village , E 104°33′, N 23°60′, on fallen branch of Pinus yunnanensis Franch , 11 August 2020, CLZhao 19445 ( SWFC).

Fruiting body:— obconical, campanulate to cupulate, 5–10 mm in height, 4–6 mm in width at the upper part, without expanding at the top or tapering abruptly at the base; the base usually attached to the substrate by a conspicuous emplacement, yellowish brown (5E4). young fruit bodies clavate, covered by hairs aggregated into tomentum or shaggy clusters, pale yellow (4A3) to yellowish brown (5E4). exoperidium yellowish to yellowish brown (5E4), shaggy or hirsute, external wall non-striate, covered with pale yellow (4A3), irregular and flexible tufts of hair; hair hyphae with the clamp connections, yellowish, thick-walled (up to 0.5–2 μm thick), 2.5–11.5 µm in diameter; endoperidium concolorous with the exoperidium, non-shiny, smooth to faintly striate, with 0.5–0.7 mm between groves. mouth smooth. peridium walls consist of three different layers: (1) outer wall layer: hyphal system dimitic, CB–, IKI–, tissues unchanged in KOH; generative hyphae with clamp connections, yellowish brown, slight thick-walled, frequently branched, 1.5–4.5 µm in diameter; skeletal hyphae yellowish brown, thick-walled, unbranched, 2–4 µm in diameter; (2) inner wall layer: hyphal system dimitic, CB–, IKI–, tissues unchanged in KOH; generative hyphae with clamp connections, yellowish-brown, slight thick-walled, frequently branched, 1.5–4.5 µm in diameter; skeletal hyphae yellowish brown, thick-walled, unbranched, 1–3 µm in diameter; (3) pseudoparenchymatous layer.

Peridioles: — shiny, regular to irregular, elliptical to broadly ellipsoid, silver gray to black, surface irregular, wrinkled, tunica present, slightly thin, dark grey (8F1) to brownish gray (7F2). cortex single-layered, 1.5–2.5 × 1.5–2 mm. funicular cord present, funiculus generative hyphae with clamp connections, thick-walled, branched, yellowish, 1–4.5 µm in diameter. hyphal system monomitic, generative hyphae with clamp connections, colorless, thick-walled, branched, with oil drops inside, 3–7 µm in diameter, CB–, IKI–, tissues unchanged in KOH.

Basidiospores: — 3.5–10.5 × 3–5.5 µm, L = 7.0 µm, W = 4.4 µm, Q = 1.6 (n = 90/2), broadly ellipsoid, elliptical, subglobose, ovoid, broadly ovate, some irregular, colorless, smooth, slight thick-walled (up to 0.5–1 μm thick), CB–, IKI–, some basidiospores with the inconspicuous apiculus. Basidia not observed.

Additional specimen examined: — CHINA, Yunnan Province, Wenshan, Pingba Town, Huguangqing Village, E 104°33′, N 23°60′, on fallen branch of angiosperm, 12 Aug 2020, CLZhao 19847 (SWFC).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Basidiomata of Cyathus asiaticus. Bars: A = 1 cm, B = 1 mm (Holotype: CLZhao 19445). Photoplate by: Zi-Yan Duan.

FIGURE 4. Peridiole of Cyathus asiaticus. Bars:A–B = 1 mm (Holotype: CLZhao 19445). Photoplate by: Zi-Yan Duan.

FIGURE 5. Microscopic structures of Cyathus asiaticus (drawn from the holotype, CLZhao 19445).A: Outer wall of peridium. B: Inner wall of peridium. C: Three-layered peridium. D: Structure of the hair. Bars: A–D = 10 µm. Drawings by: Zi-Yan Duan.

FIGURE 6. Microscopic structures of Cyathus asiaticus (drawn from the holotype, CLZhao 19445). A: Basidiospores. B: Generative hyphae of the funicular cord. C: Internal structure of the peridiole. Bars:A–C = 10 µm. Drawings by: Zi-Yan Duan.