Eniclases moluccanus Kleine, 1930: 328

Bocek, Matej & Adamkova, Kristyna, 2019, New species of Moluccan trichaline net-winged beetles, with remarks on the phylogenetic position and distribution of Schizotrichalus (Coleoptera: Lycidae: Metriorrhynchinae), Zootaxa 4623 (2), pp. 341-350 : 345-346

Eniclases moluccanus Kleine, 1930: 328

Figs 5, 8, 12, 16

Material examined. Male, 4 females (A02451, A02437 , A02452–54, Fig. 5 ), Indonesia, Halmahera, road Weda to Tobaru, 190 m, 0°19.58’N, 127°49.68’E ( LMBC).

Diagnosis. Eniclases moluccanus shares similar color pattern with E. bicolor Bocek & Bocak, 2016 and some specimens of E. variabilis Bocek & Bocak, 2016 , however, these species are unrelated and distributed only in New Guinea ( Fig. 1 , Bocek & Bocak 2016). E. variabilis has smaller eyes (Ediam/Edist 0.83–0.95). Both New Guinean species have completely dark colored abdomen unlike E. moluccanus . E. moluccanus occurs sympatrically with Schizotrichalus halmaherensis and both species belong to the same mimicry ring ( Figs 2–3, 5 ). These species can be easily recognized by the different shape of male antennae, arrangement of pronotal carinae and by unique shape of male genitalia ( Figs 6–8, 10, 12–14, 16 ).

Redescription. Male. Body length 7.8–8.9 mm, head and antennae black, almost three fifths of elytra yellow to orange, apical two fifths black, apical part of abdomen yellow. Legs uniformly black, only basal part of femora orange. Head small with prominent eyes, eye diameter 1.05 times interocular distance, antennomeres 3–10 slightly serrate, flat, slender, similar in shape, compressed. Pronotum transverse, its length 0.66 times width at base, basal margin with slightly projected posterior angles. Elytra with robust secondary costae and regular dense cells. Male genitalia with well-sclerotized phallus, dorsal keel conspicuous, phallobase with extensive membranous sac, apical part of phallus slender ( Fig. 12 ).

Distribution and diversity. Halmahera Island.

Measurements. BL 7.8–8.9 mm, EL 6.7–7.2 mm, WH 2.25–2.34 mm, PL 1.31–1.37 mm, PW 1.97–2.05 mm, Edist 0.55 mm, Ediam 0.58 mm.

Remark. Only a female was cited in the original description by Kleine (1930) and we did not localize the female in Kleine’s collection ( Kleine 1930). Therefore, our identification is based on similarity in color patterns and occurrence in the same region. The identification of species based on female semaphoront is problematic in netwinged beetles and often impossible in Eniclases ( Bocek & Bocak 2016) . The male genitalia of E. moluccanus have a unique shape of phallic apex. Unlike all known Eniclases , this species does not have the characteristic cup-shaped phallic apex. The generic placement is supported by the presence of characteristic V-shaped pronotal carinae and by the present molecular analysis. We can hypothesize that E. moluccanus is involved in mimicry rings with other net-winged beetles in Halmahera as their body coloration and shape are very similar and they occur sympatrically.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Molecular phylogeny of Eniclases and Schizotrichalus based on the maximum likelihood analysis of cox1 mtDNA fragment. Branch values indicate ultrafast bootstrap support (UFboot).

FIGURES 2–16. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. (2–5) General appearance. (2) Schizotrichalus halmaherensis sp. nov., male; (3) ditto, female; (4) Eniclases kusyi sp. nov., male; (5) E. moluccanus, male. (6–9) Pronota (6) S. halmaherensis sp. nov., male; (7) ditto, female; (8) E. moluccanus, male; (9) E. kusyi sp. nov., male. (10–12) Male genitalia (10) S. halmaherensis sp. nov.; (11) E. kusyi sp. nov.; (12) E. moluccanus; (13–16) Basal antennomeres (13) S. halmaherensis sp. nov., male; (14) ditto, female; (15) E. kusyi sp. nov., male; (16) E. moluccanus, male. Scale bars (2–5) 2 mm; (6–16) 0.5 mm.