Disparia nigrofasciata (Wileman, 1910)

Wu, Shipher, 2015, Elucidating taxonomic problems of the genus Disparia Nagano, 1916 of Taiwan and its neighboring areas, with description of one new species (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae), Zootaxa 3918 (2), pp. 209-223 : 210-212

Disparia nigrofasciata (Wileman, 1910)

( Figs 1–8 , 41, 42 , 58 , 67, 72)

Fentonia nigrofasciata Wileman, 1910 , Entomol., 43: 290.

Disparia nigrofasciata: Wang, 1995: 157 .

Pseudofentonia (Disparia) medioalbida Nakamura, 1973 , Tyo to Ga 24 (2&3): 76, figs 69–75. syn. nov.

Disparia medioalbida: Kishida, 1982 , 135: 23, fig. 6; Chang, 1989: 248, figs; Sugi, 1992a: 161; Wang, 1995: 159 –160, figs; Schintlmeister, 2008: 257, fig. 1202, pl. 26: 438; Wu et al., 2013: 269, pl. 26: 7.

Pseudofentonia (Mimus) medioalbida: Wu & Fang, 2003: 515 , fig. 313.; Fu & Tzuoo, 2004: 111, pl. 51: 2, 3.

Material examined. Type material: Holotype: ♂, Formosa [= TAIWAN], Arizan [= Alishan], 7300 ft, 15-VIII- 1908, leg. A. E. Wileman. (coll. BMNH)( Figs 1, 2 ). Additional material examined: TAIWAN. 1♂, Formosa, Arizan [= Alishan], VIII, leg. A. E. Wileman (coll. BMNH)( Figs 3, 4 ); 1♂, Formosa, Lan-tou [= Nantou County], VII-1968, holotype of Pseudofentonia (Disparia) medioalbida Nakamura, 1973 (coll. NSMT)( Figs 5, 6 ); 1♂, Miaoli County, Guanwu, 2000 m, 25-29-VI-1989, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang (coll. NMNS); 1 ♂, Nantou County, Beidongyenshan, 2000 m, 2-XII-2000, leg. D. Anstine; 4♂, same collecting locality, 3-XII-2000, leg. D. Anstine; 1♂, Nantou County, Meifeng, 2100 m, 16-III-1985, leg. B. S. Chang; 1♂, same collecting locality, 16–17-I-1991, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂, same collecting locality, 28–29-XII-1994, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 3♂, same collecting locality, 30-III–1-IV-1995, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂, same collecting locality, 9–10-III-1998, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂, same collecting locality, 13–14-I-1999, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂, same collecting locality, 5–6-III-2003, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂, same collecting locality, 6–7-II-2007, leg. W. T. Yang (coll. NMNS); 2♂, Nantou County, Dongpu Lodge, 2560 m, 6-IV-2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1♂, sam collecting locality, 22-III-2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1♂, same collecting data, slide TFRI 156572; 1♂, same collecting data, slide TFRI 156554 (coll. TFRI); 1♂, Hualien, Tayuling, 2600 m, 2–4-V-1984, leg. H. Yoshimoto (coll. NSMT); 1♀, Nantou County, Shyr-shan [= Shishan], 20-IV-1991, leg. C. M. Fu (coll. CCMF); 3♂, Nantou County, Shishan, 2450 m, 7-IV-2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 5♂, same collecting locality, 22-III-2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 1♀, same collecting data, slide TFRI 128842; 1♂ 1 ♀, Nantou County, Tatajia, 2610 m, 6-IV- 2011, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang (coll. TFRI); 1 ♂, Nantou County, Xiaofengkou, 3002 m, 13-III-2007, leg. H. H. Lin; 3♂, same collecting locality, 14-III- 2007, leg. H. H. Lin; 2♂, same collecting locality, 2-IV-2008, leg. H. H. Lin; 1♂, same collecting locality, 14-IV-2008, leg. H. H. Lin; 2♂, same collecting locality, 8-V-2008, leg. H. H. Lin (coll. ESRI); 2♂, same collecting locality, 18-III-2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang; 3 ♂, same collecting locality, 25-V-2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang (coll. TFRI); 2 ♂, Nantou County, Luoying Lodge, 2800 m, 16-VI-2012, leg. C. M. Fu. (coll. CCMF); 1♂, Chiayi, Alishan, 28-III-1977, leg. Y. Kishida (coll. NMST); 1 ♂, Pingtung County, Wutai, Payuchi, 17–18-I-1995, leg. W. T. Yang (coll. NMNS); 9♂, Yilan County, Yuanyanghu, 1500 m, 25-II-2009, leg. M. Owada (coll. NSMT & NMNS); 2 ♂, Hualien County, Guanuyuan, 2400 m, 17-III-2012, leg. C. M. Fu (coll. CCMF); 1 ♂, same collecting locality, 7-II-2013, leg. S. Wu (coll. TFRI); 1 ♂, Hualien County, Jinma Tunnel, 2450 m, 19-V- 2012, leg. C. M. Fu (coll. CCMF); 1♂, same collecting locality, 11-III-2008, leg. H. H. Lin; 2♂, same collecting locality, 2-IV-2008, leg. H. H. Lin; 1♂, same collecting locality, 3-II- 2009, leg. H. H. Lin (coll. ESRI); 1♂, Taitung County, Kuanshan-Yakou, 2600 m, 11–12-VI- 1989, leg. M. Owada (coll. NSMT).

Taxonomic notes. Nakamura (1973) considered Fentonia nigrofasciata and Disparia wilemani to be synonymous and described his new species medioalbida . All subsequent studies followed Nakamura’s treatments. After examining the type species of these three taxa (all illustrated presently), it is clear that nigrofasciata and medioalbida are conspecific and the latter is treated here as a junior synonym of the former (syn. nov.). D. nigrofasciata and D. wilemani stat. rev. have overlapping distribution ranges between 2000–2450 m in central Taiwan. Their diagnosis has to be done carefully.

Diagnosis. This and the latter species, wilemani , are very similar in external appearance. They can be distinguished in details by: the antenna bipectinate extending toward ca. 0.8 part of length from base in D. nigrofasciata ( Figs 41, 42 ) rather than toward ca. 0.55 in D. wilemani ( Fig. 43 ); the forewing antemedial and postmedial lines are distinct, continuous and tinged with rufous in D. nigrofasciata rather than pale brown, usually broken medially in D. wilemani . Their male genitalia are quite different (see Figs 53, 58 ), for instance, the uncus and lateral process of phallus are distinctively longer in D. nigrofasciata .

Distribution and bionomics. Disparia nigrofasciata is endemic to Taiwan, distributed in mid to highelevation (1500–3000 m) primary forests. It is presumably multivoltine and its adults occur infrequently in January to June, August and December. Schintlmeister (2008) stated that his “ Disparia medioalbida ” ranges widely from 350–3000 m of Taiwan and flies in the whole year round, however this judgment should be treated as erroneous. The immature stages of this species are still unknown.

Figures

FIGURE 1 – 8. Disparia species from Taiwan. 1. Fentonia nigrofasciata Wileman, 1910, male, holotype; 2. ditto, labels; 3. D. nigrofasciata (Wileman, 1910), male, deposited in the same column as holotype; 4. ditto, labels; 5. Pseudofentonia medioalbida Nakamura, 1973, male, holotype; 6. ditto, labels; 7. D. nigrofasciata, male; 8. ditto, female. Bar scale = 10 mm. Courtesy of specimens: BMNH (1 – 4), NSMT (5, 6), TFRI (7, 8). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 41 – 46. Male antenna of Disparia species from Taiwan. 41. Fentonia nigrofasciata Wileman, 1910, holotype; 42. D. nigrofasciata (Wileman, 1910); 43. D. wilemani Matsumura, 1925 stat. rev.; 44. D. diuta variegata (Wileman, 1910); 45. D. maculata (Moore, 1879); 46. D. kobayashii sp. nov., paratype. Bar scale = 10 mm. Courtesy of specimens: BMNH (41); TFRI (42 – 46). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURE 47 – 58. Male genitalia of Disparia species. 47. D. diluta diluta (Hampson, 1910), NE India; 48. ditto, Myanmar; 49. D. diluta sumatrana Schintlmeister, 2007, Sumatra; 50. D. diuta variegata (Wileman, 1910), Taiwan; 51. ditto, S. Japan; 52. ditto, S. China; 53. D. wilemani Matsumura, 1925 stat. rev.; 54. ditto, melanic form, Taiwan; 55. D. kobayashii sp. nov., holotype, Taiwan; 56. ditto, paratype, Taiwan; 57. D. maculata (Moore, 1879), Taiwan; 58. D. nigrofasciata (Wileman, 1910), Taiwan. Courtesy of specimens: NSMT (47 – 49, 51 – 52); TFRI (50, 53 – 58). Photo by Shipher Wu.