Anoplodactylus cf. californicus Hall, 1912

Sabroux, Romain, Hassanin, Alexandre & Corbari, Laure, 2022, Sea spiders (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) collected during the Madibenthos Expedition from Martinique shallow waters, European Journal of Taxonomy 851 (1), pp. 1-141 : 80-81

Anoplodactylus cf. californicus Hall, 1912

Fig. 21

Anoplodactylus californicus Hall, 1912: 91–93 , fig. 49.

Anoplodactylus portus Calman, 1927: 405–408 , fig. 103.

Anoplodactylus carvalhoi Marcus, 1940: 40 (key), 50–54, fig. 3.

Anoplodactylus projectus Hilton, 1942c: 45–47 , fig. 3a–b.

Anoplodactylus californicus – Hall 1913: 129–130. — Hilton 1915a: 69; 1915b: 201, 205; 1920: 93; 1939: 29; 1942a: 288–291, pl. 39; 1942d: 72. — Marcus 1940: 40 (key). — Child 1987: 554–555; 1992a: 37; 1992b: 39 (key), 43, tab. 5, fig. 19; 1995: 113 (summary), 122 (key), 123–124; 2004: 155; 2009: 819 (list). — Müller 1990a: 284. — Bain 1991: 63–64. — Çinar et al. 2005: 120, tab. 1; 2011: tab. 1. — Arango & Maxmen 2006: 52–53, 60–61, 62 (key), fig. 1 (distribution), fig. 3. — Magari et al. 2006: tabs 1–3. — Melzer et al. 2006: 238–241, fig. 2b, f–g. — Arango & Wheeler 2007: appendices 1–2, tab. 3, figs 1–4 (phylogeny), 6–7, 8 (phylogeny). — Galil 2007: 303 (annex). — Krapp et al. 2008: 57 (list). — Müller & Krapp 2009: 10–11 (list), 85 (key), 90–93, fig. 48. — Munilla & Soler Membrives 2009: tab. 1. — Krapp & Viquez 2011: 205. — Weis & Melzer 2012: 188 (list), 200–201, figs 2b, 10g, 11. — Bakir et al. 2014: tab. 1. — Vassallo et al. 2014: 351, tab. 2. — Koçak 2015: 192; 2019: 49 (list). — Lucena et al. 2015: 429, 441; 2019: 3 (list), 16–17, 19, tab. 1. — Sabroux et al. 2017: appendices 1–2, figs 3–5. — Wagner et al. 2017: 122–125, 128–130, 132–133, tab. 1, figs 2–6. — Dietz et al. 2018: 9–10 (feeding). — Lucena & Christoffersen 2018a: 111 ; 2018b: 374 , 375 (key), 376, 381, 383, 385. — León-Espinosa et al. 2021: 183–184 , 190–191, tab. 1, figs 16–18. — Colasanto & Galli 2021: 623, 628–629, tab. 1, fig. 3. — Ramírez-Tello et al. 2022: 152, 154, tab. 1.

Anoplodactylus californiensis – Hedgpeth 1941: 257 (key), pl. 11. — Child 1996b: tab. 1.

Anoplodactylus carvalhoi – Hedgpeth 1943: 46; 1948: 230–232, fig. 30e–g. — Bourdillon 1955: 592.

Anoplodactylus portus – Sawaya 1950: 70 (key). — Stock 1954a: 128; 1955: 238–239; 1958a: 140–141, fig. 2; 1958b: 4; 1962: 218; 1975a: 1052–1053; 1979: 15. — Lipkin & Safriel 1971: tab. 1. — Child 1975: 201; 1978: 133, 144, figs 1–4; 1979: 58; 1982a: 373. — Birkeland et al. 1976: 158. — Arnaud 1987: 46.

Anoplodactylus sp. 2 – Sabroux et al. 2019b: 1530–1531, tab. 1, fig. 3.

nec Anoplodactylus robustus ( Dohrn, 1881) – Hilton 1939: 28–29.

Type material

Anoplodactylus californicus Hall, 1912 . Topotypes (see Child 1987): USNM 231867 (not examined). Type locality: Laguna Beach, California.

Anoplodactylus portus Calman, 1927 . Syntypes: NHMUK ZOO-1926.19.9–13 (not examined). Type locality: Port Said, Suez Canal .

Anoplodactylus carvalhoi Marcus, 1940 . Type(s): unknown. Type locality: Bahia de Santos, Brazil .

Anoplodactylus projectus Hilton, 1942 . Type(s): unknown. Type locality: Pearl Harbour, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands.

Material examined

MARTINIQUE • 1 ♀; Pointe Michel ; 14°26.4ʹ N, 60°49.3ʹ W; depth 2 m; 12 Sep. 2016; st. AB120; MNHN-IU-2016-810/ MK411132 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1231 • 1 ♀; Pointe Michel ; 14°26.4ʹ N, 60°49.3ʹ W; depth 0–2 m; 12 Sep. 2016; st. AR121; MNHN-IU-2016-811/ MK411133 • 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-891/ MK411199 • 1 ♂; Pointe Baham ; 14°24.7ʹ N, 60°50.1ʹ W; depth 2 m; 11 Sep. 2016; st. AB117; MNHN-IU-2016-855/ MK411168 • 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-571 • 1 juv; Grande Anse du Diamant ; 14°28ʹ N, 61°02.8ʹ W; depth 0–1 m; 27 Sep. 2016; st. AM033; MNHN-IU-2016-864/ MK411176 .

Remarks

The Madibenthos material matches with the descriptions in Child (1992b) and Müller & Krapp (2009) of Anoplodactylus californicus for most characters. Instead of lateral processes with rounded tubercles, as represented in Child’s and Müller & Krapp’s specimens, Madibenthos specimens show distal angular thickening. Anoplodactylus califorinicus was already recorded in Martinique (as A. carvalhoi ) by Bourdillon (1955) and Müller (1990a), but Bourdillon’s illustrations show differences from the Madibenthos material. For example, the ocular tubercle is somehow lanceolate (narrower at the base, broader at mid-length, with tapering tip) in the Madibenthos material, while it is represented as conical by Bourdillon. We note that the ocular tubercle shape is highly variable in the illustrations of different authors, more or less tapering, conical or rounded (e.g., Hall 1912; Child 1992b; Müller & Krapp 2009; Weis & Melzer 2012). Regarding molecular data, p-distances from some previously sequenced material from the Colombian Caribbean identified as A. californicus (GenBank reference DQ390068 ; Arango & Wheeler 2007) are relatively low (0.047). Therefore, a revision of this widespread and multisynonymised species is needed. Until then, we only allegedly link Madibenthos material to this species as Anoplodactylus cf. californicus .

Distribution

Recorded in the Eastern Pacific (California, Ecuador, Mexico, Chile, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama) and in Hawaii and the Panama Canal. It is also often recorded in the Caribbean Sea ( Belize, Caribbean Panama, Bahamas, Martinique, Colombia, Costa Rica, Curaçao, Bonaire, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Virgin Islands, Porto Rico), the Gulf of Mexico and the Western Atlantic in Brazil and Argentina southward to the Magellan Strait. It is also recorded from the Mediterranean, in the Thyrrenean and Levantine Seas, as well as in the Suez Canal.

Depth range

Intertidal– 100 m.

Figures

Fig. 21. Anoplodactylus cf. californicus Hall, 1912. A–H. ♂, MNHN-IU-2016-855. I. ♀, MNHN- IU-2016-810. A. Body, dorsal view. B. Body, lateral view (same scale as A). C. Proboscis, ventral view (same scale as A). D. Oviger. E. Third leg. F. Cement gland tube. G. Propodus of third leg. H. Chela. I. Cephalon and proboscis, ventral view.