Neoblechnum brasiliense (Desv.) Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich

Dittrich, Vinícius Antonio De Oliveira, Salino, Alexandre, Monteiro, Reinaldo & Gasper, André Luís De, 2017, The family Blechnaceae (Polypodiopsida) in Brazil: key to the genera and taxonomic treatment of Austroblechnum, Cranfillia, Lomaridium, Neoblechnum and Telmatoblechnum for southern and southeastern Brazil, Phytotaxa 303 (1), pp. 1-33 : 22

Neoblechnum brasiliense (Desv.) Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich in Gasper et al. (2016a: 214). Blechnum brasiliense

Desvaux (1811: 330). Blechnopsis brasiliensis (Desv.) Presl (1851: 475) . Type:— BRAZIL. Without date, J. Dombey

s.n. (holotype P [Jussieu Herbarium 1390], isotypes P, US, photo). 5A–C.

Blechnum brasiliense Desv. var. angustifolium Sehnem (1959: 529) . Type:— BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul, Vacaria, Passo do Socorro, 28 January 1951, A. Sehnem 5747 (holotype PACA, photo).

Blechnum corcovadense Raddi (1819: 294) . Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, Corcovado, without date, G. Raddi s.n. (holotype PI, n.v., isotypes B 20 0030578, FI, K, photo, US, not seen).

Blechnum nitidum Presl (1822: 187) . Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, without date, Pohl? s.n. (holotype not located, isotype GH?, fide Murillo (1968)).

Blechnum fluminense Vellozo (1831: 106) . Lectotype (designated by Murillo (1968: 338):— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro. Fl. Flum. 11: t. 106. 1831 [1827].

Plants terrestrial; rhizomes erect, stout, forming a caudex to 50(70) cm high, non-stoloniferous, the scales linear, tan to more frequently blackish, shiny, 2.5–3.1 cm × 1.0– 1.4 mm at the base, 0.2–0.3 mm wide at center; fronds monomorphic, 36–177 cm long; stipes 0.5–18.5 cm long, 5.5–9.2 mm wide, the scales on base similar to those on rhizomes, black, smaller; blades 88–136 × 9.7–32 cm, chartaceous, pinnate proximally, mostly pinnatisect, oblanceolate, gradually reduced proximally (without vestigial pinnae) and distally; rachises abaxially scaly proximally, the scales typically smaller than those on rhizomes (<1 cm), similar in shape, whitish or tan, with a dark central stripe or not; pinnae 31–56 pairs, 5.7–24 × 0.7–1.6 cm, ascending, fully adnate, sursumcurrent, linear (the largest ones) to triangular or ovate (the basal ones), margins serrate, plane or revolute, apices acuminate (the largest ones) to obtuse (the basal ones); veins free, simple or 1 × –(2) × forked, with hydathodes at the margins.

Geographical distribution and habitat preference:— Brazil (Ceará [first record], Pernambuco, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul [first record], Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul) ; furthermore Guatemala, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina. A very common species in Brazil, not threatened in the study area. It grows in degraded areas, along trails, roads, forest edges, clearings in the forest, river banks, and other disturbed sites, on slightly humid to flooded soils. Less frequent in shaded areas such as in forests. It is found in tropical rain forests, Araucaria forests and in seasonal deciduous and semideciduous forests, from 0–1800 m .

Comments: among the species of the family with monomorphic fronds in the study area, N. brasiliense can be distinguished by its arborescent habit (trunks to 1 m high) combined with fronds with serrulate margins and blackish scales on rhizomes and stipe bases. The morphologically closest species to Neoblechnum brasiliense in Brazil is in fact a species with dimorphic fronds, Lomaria spannagelii (Rosenst. 1907: 93) Gasper & V.A.O.Dittrich in Gasper et al. (2016a: 211). To differentiate between them, when sterile, the best features are the pinna margins (entire in L. spannagelii , serrulate in N. brasiliense ) and the rhizome scales (light to dark tan in L. spannagelii , blackish in N. brasiliense ). Furthermore, in L. spannagelii the adaxial costae are broadly grooved and, in dried specimens, the blades are clearly discolorous. Sehnem (1959) described Blechnum brasiliense var. angustifolium Sehnem , stating this variety differed from the more typical one by having longer stipes, narrower pinnae with undulate-serrate margins, and by the broader sori and indusia. This seems to be an usual morphological variation within the species, due to its wide geographical distribution, and so we do not recognize it as a variety.

Selected specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Araponga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro , trilha para o Pico do Boné , 26 May 2000, A. Salino et al. 5459 ( BHCB) ; Barbacena, Futuro Distrito Industrial de Barbacena , 21°13'15.64"S, 43° 44'36.24"W, ca. 1,180 m, 09 December 2002, V.A.O. Dittrich & A. Salino 1255 ( HRCB) ; Belo Horizonte, Jardim Botânico , 18 July 1935, H.L. Mello Barreto 5038 ( BHCB) ; Belo Vale , 20°26'37"S, 43°56'00"W, 1,300 m, 23 October 2001, A. Salino & F.A. Carvalho 7654 ( BHCB) ; Camanducaia, Mata dos Vargas , 20 August 2001, V.A.O. Dittrich et al. 938 ( HRCB) ; Carangola, Serra do Brigadeiro, Fazenda Neblina , ca. 1,300 m, 28 May 1989, A. Salino 809 ( UEC) ; Caratinga, Estação Biológica de Caratinga , 09 June 1998, A. Salino et al. 4326 ( BHCB) ; Coronel Pacheco, Estação Experimental , 450 m, 19 June 1944, E.P. Heringer 1423 (K) ; Entre Rios de Minas , 09 May 1970, L. Krieger s.n. ( CESJ 9112 ) ; Itabirito, Serra de Itabirito , km 14 da rodovia Itabirito-Belo Horizonte , 20°14'S, 43°48'W, 1,300 m, 14 November 1987, E.R. Ferraz s.n. ( BHCB 11376 ) ; Juiz de Fora , 16 August 1979, F.R.G. Salimena 71 ( UEC) ; Mariana, estrada Mariana-Santa Bárbara , 25 August 2000, A. Salino 5659 ( BHCB) ; Marliéria, Parque Florestal do Rio Doce, Salão Dourado , 15 June 1995, A. Salino 2143 ( BHCB) ; Nova Lima, Estação Ecológica de Fechos , 20°03'58"S, 43°57'33"W, 11 July 2001, A. Salino et al. 7170 ( BHCB, HRCB) ; Ouro Preto, Rodrigo Silva , 1904, L. Damazio s.n. ( BHCB 1397 ) ; Patos de Minas , 01 September 1950, A.P. Duarte 3077 ( RB) ; Santa Bárbara, Fazenda Bocaina , 09 July 1999, M.F. Vasconcelos s.n. ( BHCB 48891 ) ; Santa Rita de Jacutinga , 26 July 1970, L. Krieger s.n. ( CESJ 9024 ) ; Santana do Garambéu, trecho do alto Rio Grande adjacente a zona urbana de Santana do Garambéu , 21°34'49"S, ca. 44°08'W, 1,100 1,150 m, 06 July 2001, A. Salino & R.C. Mota 7004 ( BHCB) ; São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, Estação de Pesquisa Ambiental do Peti , 19°53'33"S, 43°21'55"W, 20 June 2002, A. Salino 8038 ( BHCB) ; São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra , 20°10'17"S, 46°39'52"W, 13 July 1997, A. Salino 3153 ( BHCB, HRCB) ; Uberlândia, Estação Ecológica do Panga , 22 June 2000, M. Ranal 1029 ( HRCB, HUFU) ; Viçosa, Fazenda da Serra , 1,200 m, 02 May 1930, Y. Mexia 4654 (K) ; Furnas , 05 July 1995, A. Salino 2184 ( BHCB) ; Jequeri- Canaã, área da Usina de Cachoeira Grande, 28 September 1997, A. Salino 3490 ( BHCB, HRCB). Espírito Santo: Ibiraçu , Estação Ecológica do Morro da Vargem , ca. 19°53'S, 40°23'W, 300 470 m, 29 May 1990, H.Q. Boudet Fernandes et al. 2989 ( MBML) ; Linhares, Reserva Florestal de Linhares , 20 March 1999, A. Salino & P.O. Morais 4532 ( BHCB) ; Santa Teresa, Vargem Alta , 25 April 1984, J.M. Vimercat 62 ( MBML) ; Vila Velha, rodovia ES-060, ca. 1 km ao N da praia das Sereias, 08 December 1994, J.R. Pirani et al. 3463 (K, SPF). Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, vicinity Monte Serrat , Mt. Itatiaya , Estação Biológica , ca. 800 m, 22°28'S, 44°38'W, 31 December 1928, L.B. Smith 1580 (K) ; Parati, Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina , trilha para o pico do Cuscuzeiro , 23°18'14"S, 44°47'16"W, 400 m, 07 August 2001, A. Salino et al. 7367 ( BHCB) ; Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca , restaurante A Floresta, 24 May 1960, A. Castellanos 23070 ( PACA) ; Santa Maria Madalena , 24 November 1977, J.P.P. Carauta 2765 ( RB) ; 27 July 1873, C.W.H. Mosén 93 ( FI) ; Serra dos Órgãos , 26 September 1901, E.R. Wagner s.n. (K). São Paulo: Águas de São Pedro , 29 November 1997, T.D.S. Novato 7 ( SJRP) ; Analândia, Serra do Cuscuzeiro , ca. 22°08'S, 47°40'W, 29 November 1987, A. Salino 209 ( BHCB) ; Atibaia, Fazenda Grota Funda, Pedra Grande , 23 May 1987, L.C. Bernacci et al. s.n. ( UEC 47735 ) ; Bananal, Estação Ecológica de Bananal, trilha da Estação , 22°49'10"S, 44°21'58"W, 1130 1350 m, 09 March 2001, A. Salino et al. 6330 ( BHCB) ; Brotas, Fazenda Santa Elisa , ca. 470 m, 08 September 1991, A. Salino 1049 ( BHCB, HRCB, UEC) ; Campos do Jordão, São José dos Alpes , caminho de 1,600 –1,800 m, 06 March 1984, R.F. Novelino et al. 237 ( CESJ —mixed with Lomariocycas schomburgkii (Klotzsch) Gasper & A.R.Sm. ) ; Campinas, Reserva Florestal Santa Genebra, Barão Geraldo , 13 February 1992, A. Salino 1272 ( UEC) ; Caraguatatuba, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , núcleo de Caraguatatuba , estrada da intermediária km 30.5, 23°41'32"S, 45°37'06"W, 600 m, 18 April 2000, A. Salino et al. 5273 ( BHCB) ; Cunha, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , Núcleo de Cunha , trilha da Casa de Pedra ao Indaiá , 23°14'45"S, 44°59'36"W, 1,070 m, 16 December 1996, A. Salino 2901 ( BHCB, ESA) ; Itirapina, Estação Ecológica de Itirapina , 22°10' 22°14'S, 47°51' 47°56'W, 705 m, 12 March 2002, V.A.O. Dittrich et al. 1090 ( HRCB) ; Moji-guaçu, Reserva Biológica de Moji-guaçu , 12 July 1989, E.A. Simabukuro 9 ( UEC) ; Natividade da Serra, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Santa Virgínia , Base de Vargem Grande , trilha para a Cachoeira da Boneca , 23°25'57"S, 45°12'36"W, ca. 800 m, 10 August 2001, V.A.O. Dittrich et al. 918 ( HRCB) ; Peruíbe, Estação Ecológica da Jureia , without date, V.C. Souza 118 ( ESA) ; Piracicaba, estrada para Limeira , 15 April 1993, K.D. Barreto et al. 277 ( ESA) ; Presidente Prudente, Margens do rio Paranapanema em área da Reserva Florestal do Morro do Diabo a ser inundada pela construção de barragem de usina hidrelétrica, 09–11 September 1985, P.G. Windisch 4264 ( UPCB) ; Ribeirão Grande, Parque Estadual Intervales, Trilha da Caçadinha , 24°16'39"S, 48°25'09"W, 780 m, 15 April 2003, A. Salino et al. 8424 ( BHCB, HRCB) ; Rio Claro, Buraco da Mãe Preta , ca. 600 m, 18 September 2002, J.S. Leme et al. 2 ( HRCB) ; São Carlos, Fazenda Canchim , ca. 8 km NE of São Carlos, 22 June 1961, G. Eiten et al. 3212b (K) ; São José dos Campos, Rio Paraíba do Sul , 22 June 2002, M.A. Assis et al. 1555 ( HRCB) ; São Luís do Paraitinga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar , Núcleo Santa Virgínia , Trilha da Pirapitinga , 23°20'29"S, 45°08'48"W, 900 950 m, 04 March 2001, A. Salino et al. 6090 ( BHCB) ; São Miguel Arcanjo, Parque Estadual de Carlos Botelho, Trilha da Represa , 24°03'30"S, 47°59'23"W, 25 April 2002, R.G. Udulutsch et al. 710 ( ESA) ; São Paulo, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo de Curucutu , trilha para o Rio Branco , 23°59'07"S, 46°44'07"W, 800 m, 12 April 2001, A. Salino et al. 6528 ( BHCB, HRCB) ; São Sebastião, ilha do Montão de Trigo , 20 m, 20 April 1973, P.G. Windisch 291 ( HB, HRCB) ; Sete Barras, Parque Estadual Intervales, Base de Saibadela , 13 December 2000, V.A.O. Dittrich & C. von Allmen 810 ( HRCB) ; idem, Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, núcleo de Sete Barras, estrada Sete Barras—São Miguel Arcanjo, ca. 24°12'S, 47°55'W, ca. 300 m, 28 September 2002, V.A.O. Dittrich & T.B. Breier 1240 ( HRCB) ; Ubatuba, Ilha Anchieta, Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta , trilha do Saco Grande , 09 May 1993, A. Salino 1743 ( BHCB, UEC) ; idem, entre a BR-101 e a Trilha do Jatobá , 23°20'26"S, 44°50'13"W, 0 40 m, 05 April 2001, A. Salino et al. 6721 ( BHCB) ; halfway between Cananeia and Jacupiranga, 50 m, 09 September 1976, P.H. Davis et al. 60815 ( UEC). Paraná: Adrianópolis, Parque Estadual das Lauráceas , 08 January 2000, V.A.O. Dittrich et al. 656 ( UPCB) ; Almirante Tamandaré, Parque Primavera , 29 May 1991, J.T. Motta s.n. ( MBM 230921 ) ; Antonina, Sapitanduva , 20 m, 21 March 1972, G.G. Hatschbach & O. Guimarães 29331 ( MBM, PACA) ; Campina Grande do Sul, rodovia BR-002, Rio Bonito , 26 May 1963, G.G. Hatschbach 10066 ( MBM, PACA) ; Cerro Azul, Rio do Turvo , 21 July 1970, G.G. Hatschbach 24510 ( MBM, PACA) ; Colombo, Canguiri , 05 June 1968, N. Imaguire 2081 ( MBM, UPCB) ; Contenda, rodovia BR-476, Serrinha , 21 July 2001, V.A.O. Dittrich 888 ( HRCB) ; Curitiba, Parque Barigui , 18 June 1996, C. Kozera & V.A.O. Dittrich 150 ( UPCB) ; Guaraqueçaba, Rio do Cedro , 50 m, 19 October 1967, G.G. Hatschbach 17494 ( MBM, PACA) ; idem, Ilha do Superagüi, Morro do rio das Pacas , faces noroeste e sudeste, 25°25'S, 48°15'W, 0 180 m, 20 January 1993, J. Prado et al. 483 ( MBM, UPCB) ; idem, Reserva Natural Salto Morato , 01 July 1999, G. Gatti 651 ( UPCB) ; Guaratuba , 12 September 1971, L. Krieger s.n. ( CESJ 11501 ) ; Marechal Cândido Rondon, Pato Bragado , 25 March 1977, G.G. Hatschbach 39846 ( MBM, PACA) ; Matelândia , 28 November 1966, J.C. Lindeman & J.H. Haas 3438 ( MBM) ; Matinhos , without date, M.T.D. Dombrowski 2982 ( PACA) ; Morretes, Passa Sete , 12 February 1971, M.T.D. Dombrowski & Y.S. Kuniyoshi 3250 ( PACA) ; idem, Parque Estadual Pico do Marumbi , 20 November 1999, C. Kozera & I. Isernhagen 1327 ( ESA, UEC, UPCB) ; Paranaguá, Sertãozinho , 10 June 1960, G.G. Hatschbach 7064 ( MBM) ; idem, Ilha do Mel, morro Bento Alves , ca. 70 m, 21 April 1999, V.A.O. Dittrich & C. Kozera 626 ( ICN) ; Piraquara, Roça Nova , 21 May 1974, G.G. Hatschbach & R. Kummrow 34440 ( MBM, PACA) ; Ponta Grossa, Parque Estadual de Vila Velha , 07 January 2004, P.H. Labiak & P.B. Schwartsburd 3092 ( HRCB) ; Pontal do Paraná, Pontal do Sul, rodovia Engenheiro Darci Gomes de Moraes , ca. 25°36'S, 48°24'W, 01 January 2001, F.P.F. Athayde 845 ( SJRP) ; São Mateus do Sul, Fazenda do Durgo , 30 November 1986, F. de Melo et al. 82 ( UPCB) ; Tijucas do Sul, Vossoroca , 15 February 1974, R. Kummrow 363 ( MBM, PACA) ; Xambrê, região norte do município, 17 June 1966, J.C. Lindeman & J.H. Haas 1613 ( MBM). Parque Nacional do Iguaçu , 13 July 1968, without collector, s.n. ( ICN 5094 ). Santa Catarina: Agrolândia, Vila dos Koch, 27°27’03”S, 49°51’44”W, 544 m, 29 April 2010, A. Korte 2962 ( FURB) ; Agronômica, Planalto Areado , 27°21’36”S, 49°40’48”W, 514 m, 09 June 2009, S. Dreveck 982 ( FURB) ; Águas Mornas, Canto do Schutch , 27°37’48”S, 48°52’12”W, 413 m, 20 February 2010, A. Stival-Santos 1807 ( FURB) ; Alfredo Wagner, Lomba Alta , 27°43’20”S, 49°24’33”W, 612 m, 21 April 2009, S. Dreveck 846 ( FURB) ; Angelina, Rio Fortuna , 27°27’02”S, 49°03’00”W, 841 m, 08 April 2010, A. Stival-Santos 2463 ( FURB) ; Apiúna, Faxinalzinho , 27°10’49”S, 49°23’37”W, 793 m, 17 March 2010, A. Korte 2170 ( FURB) ; Araranguá , 28°53’25”S, 49°19’15”W, 8 m, 07 December 2010, A. Korte 5479 ( FURB) ; Ascurra, Ilze Grande , 27°00’00”S, 49°19’14”W, 154 m, 01 April 2010, A. Korte 2463 ( FURB) ; Balneário Barra do Sul, próximo à Mineração Nilson e Veiga do Sul , 26°27’36”S, 48°41’24”W, 20 m, 05 November 2009, S. Dreveck 1221 ( FURB) ; Benedito Novo, Alto São João, 26°49’12”S, 49°30’W, 690 m, 25 May 2010, S. Dreveck 2264 ( FURB) ; Blumenau, Parque Nacional da Serra do Itajaí , 27°03’24”S, 49°05’16”W, 22 March 2007, A.L. de Gasper 570 ( FURB) ; Bombinhas, Praia Mariscal , 27°10’48”S, 48°30’36”W, 5 m, 06 July 2010, S. Dreveck 2298 ( FURB) ; Botuverá, RPPN Prima Luna , 27°15’51”S, 49°01’43”W, 100 m, 14 November 2009, T.J. Cadorin 536 ( FURB) ; Campo Alegre, Fazenda Sequoia , km 107, 26°10’49”S, 49°11’47”W, 28 April 2008, R.G. Koehler s.n. ( FURB) ; Corupá, Palmeiras II, 26°27’36”S, 49°24’36”W, 938 m, 24 August 2010, A. Korte 4189 ( FURB) ; Dionísio Cerqueira, Linha Peperi , 26°16’47”S, 53°38’25”W, 725 m, 25 May 2009, A. Stival-Santos 721 ( FURB) ; Doutor Pedrinho, Ribeirão Rigo , 26°43’48”S, 49°29’58”W, 600 m, 04 May 2010, S. Dreveck 2147 ( FURB) ; Florianópolis, Ilha de Santa Catarina, Itacorobi , 14 July 1946, A. Rohr 375 ( RB) ; idem, Praia de Jurerê Internacional , 27°27’04”S, 48°30’29”W, 6 m, 14 December 2010, A. Korte 5633 ( FURB) ; Garopaba, Morro da Ressacada , 28°04’48”S, 48°41’24”W, 147 m, 28 April 2010, M. Verdi 4522 ( FURB) ; Garuva, Alto Quiriri , 26°02’21”S, 48°57’16”W, 1200 m, 05 May 2015, L.A. Funez 4351 ( FURB) ; Ibirama, Caminho Moema , 26°59’53”S, 49°35’22”W, 503 m, 07 April 2010, A. Korte 2520 ( FURB) ; Indaial, Warnow Alto , 27°00’00”S, 49°13’51”W, 357 m, 14 May 2010, A. Korte 3186 ( FURB) ; Itaiópolis, Rio do Bispo , 26°38’25”S, 49°51’38”W, 601 m, 10 June 2010, A. Korte 3700 ( FURB) ; Itapoá, Reserva Volta Velha , 27 July 1999, M. Borgo et al. 415 ( MBM, UPCB) ; Ituporanga, Alto Rio Bonito , 27°32’24”S, 49°24’38”W, 676 m, 03 December 2009, A. Korte 1307 ( FURB) ; Jacinto Machado, Morro São Cristóvão, 28°53’24”S, 49°51’36”W, 380 m, 13 October 2009, M. Verdi 2368 ( FURB) ; Jaraguá do Sul, Ano Bom / Braço Esquerdo , 26°22’05”S, 49°08’23”W, 205 m, 01 February 2010, S. Dreveck 1697 ( FURB) ; Joinville , Jardim botânico de Joinville ; Campus Universitário , 20 June 2008, T.G. Fendrich 13 ( FURB) ; José Boiteux, Rio Platê , 26°49’13”S, 49°40’50”W, 394 m, 29 June 2010, A. Korte 3947 ( FURB) ; Lages, Passo do Socorro , 700 m, 13 April 1963, R. Reitz & R.M. Klein 14834 ( HBR, PACA) ; Lauro Müller, Rio Oratório / Cabo Aéreo , 28°21’00”S, 49°29’58”W, 449 m, 19 February 2010, M. Verdi 3671 ( FURB) ; Leoberto Leal, Tigre , 27°21’35”S, 49°13’48”W, 438 m, 17 September 2009, A. Korte 217 ( FURB) ; Mirim Doce, Pinhalzinho , 27°10’49”S, 50°07’51”W, 596 m, 27 January 2010, A. Korte 3136 ( FURB) ; Monte Carlo , 27°10’48”S, 50°56’24”W, 970 m, 24 May 2011, A. Korte 6907 ( FURB) ; Navegantes, Bairro Costa Azul , 26°51’13”S, 48°38’42”W, 8 m, 24 February 2011, A. Korte 5789 ( FURB) ; Nova Trento, Valsugana , 27°21’31”S, 49°03’02”W, 307 m, 14 July 2010, A. Korte 3991 ( FURB) ; Orleans, Barracão , 28°15’39”S, 49°19’09”W, 314 m, 30 March 2010, M. Verdi 4137 ( FURB) ; Palhoça, Campo do Massiambu , 5 m, 19 December 1952, R. Reitz 4950 ( HBR) ; Paulo Lopes, Sertão do Campo , 27°52’44”S, 48°45’43”W, 180 m, 01 February 2010, J.L. Schmitt 1242 ( FURB) ; Petrolândia, Rio do Jango , 27°32’22”S, 49°40’48”W, 493 m, 30 April 2010, A. Korte 3017 ( FURB) ; Ponte Alta, Morro do Funil , 27°16’30”S, 50°07’57”W, 113 m, 25 March 2008, A.L. de Gasper 1667 ( FURB) ; Pouso Redondo, Alto Pombinhas , 27°16’14”S, 50°02’30”W, 475 m, 07 May 2010, A. Korte 3142 ( FURB) ; Praia Grande, Trilha do Rio do Boi , 29°12’18”S, 50°04’28”W, 330m, 27April 2010, J.L.Schmitt 2089 ( FURB) ; Presidente Getúlio, Santa Rita , 27°05’25”S, 49°46’14”W, 516 m, 09 April 2010, A. Korte 2661 ( FURB) ; Presidente Nereu, Braço do Salão—Fazenda Sabiá , 27°10’53”S, 49°13’53”W, 533 m, 27 October 2009, J.L. Schmitt 318 ( FURB) ; Rio dos Cedros, Rio Ada , 26°38’24”S, 49°13’48”W, 459 m, 21 April 2010, S. Dreveck 2140 ( FURB) ; Rio Fortuna, Rio Indaiá , 28°10’10”S, 49°02’58”W, 229 m, 09 April 2010, M. Verdi 4315 ( FURB) ; Rodeio, São Pedro, 26°54’37”S, 49°24’41”W, 611 m, 30 March 2010, A. Korte 2321 ( FURB) ; Salete, Barra Grande , 26°58’41”S, 50°00’15”W, 12 April 2009, H.F. Uller 125 ( FURB) ; Santa Rosa de Lima, Nova Fátima , 28°04’50”S, 49°08’13”W, 276 m, 05 May 2010, M. Verdi 4670 ( FURB) ; Santa Terezinha, Imbuial , 26°38’25”S, 49°57’02”W, 626 m, 08 June 2010, A. Korte 3652 ( FURB) ; Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, Pilões , 200 m, 24 February 1956, R. Reitz & R.M. Klein 2816 ( HBR, PACA) ; idem, Parque Estadual do Tabuleiro , 27°43’12”S, 48°46’48”W, 612 m, 21 May 2010, A. Stival-Santos 2828 ( FURB) ; São Bento do Sul, Ano Bom / Braço Esquerdo , 26°22’12”S, 49°13’48”W, 20 m, 29 January 2010, S. Dreveck 1660 ( FURB) ; São Bonifácio, Santa Maria, 27°59’38”S, 48°57’36”W, 339 m, 30 June 2010, M. Verdi 5100 ( FURB) ; São Francisco do Sul, Ilha da Rita , 25 m, 23 November 2004, W.S. Mancinelli 103 ( FURB) ; São João Batista, próximo à SC-411, 27°16’20”S, 48°52’12”W, 119 m, 30 September 2010, A. Korte 4454 ( FURB) ; Seara, Nova Teotônia , 300–500 m, 04 May 1944, F. Plaumann 533 ( HBR) ; Siderópolis, Barragem do Rio São Bento , 28°37’12”S, 49°35’24”W, 479 m, 05 November 2009, M. Verdi 3009 ( FURB) ; Sombrio , 10 m, 25 April 1945, R. Reitz C1030 ( RB) ; Tijucas, Oliveira , 27°10’49”S, 48°46’47”W, 186 m, 25 September 2014, M. Mayer 708 ( FURB) ; Timbó, Mundi Central , 26°49’15”S, 49°13’46”W, 268 m, 30 March 2010, S. Dreveck 2019 ( FURB) ; Treviso, Cirenaica , 28°31’45”S, 49°29’50”W, 197 m, 27 January 2010, M. Verdi 3427 ( FURB) ; Trombudo Central, Rio Kindel , 27°21’36”S, 49°51’36”W, 409 m, 10 March 2011, A. Korte 271 ( FURB) ; Vidal Ramos, Águas Frias , 27°21’38”S, 49°24’38”W, 895 m, 21 October 2009, A. Korte 581 ( FURB) ; Vitor Meireles , Serra Cambará , 26°54’35”S, 49°51’47”W, 587 m, 01 June 2010, A. Korte 3560 ( FURB) ; Witmarsum, Krauer Central , 26°54’37”S, 49°46’14”W, 439 m, 13 April 2010, A. Korte 2685 ( FURB) ; Xanxerê, Pesqueiro do Meio , 26°49’11”S, 52°28’13”W, 700 m, 24 March 2009, S. Dreveck 740 ( FURB) ; Unknown municipality: bei São Francisco, 1884–1885, E. Ule 94 (K) ; Estrada Itaimbezinho, Serra do Faxinal, 02 December 1989, R. Wasum et al. s.n. ( MBM 159872 ). Rio Grande do Sul: Barracão , Rio Uruguai , 02 June 2000, J. Spanholi s.n. ( ICN 120888 ) ; Camaquã, Boa Vista , September 1985, M. Sobral et al. 4157 ( ICN) ; Cambará do Sul, Itaimbezinho , ca. 950 m, 19 April 1985, L. Roth 69 ( ICN) ; Caraá, Reserva Indígena Guarani da Varzinha , 02 April 2001, A.R.Y. Ikuta s.n. ( ICN 123387 ) ; Caxias do Sul, 14 July 1959, A. Backes s.n. ( ICN 30850 ) ; Derrubadas, Parque Estadual do Turvo , 15 January 1982, R.M. Bueno 40 ( ICN) ; Dom Pedro de Alcântara , 26 April 1997, S. Dalpiaz s.n. ( ICN 115291 ) ; Esmeralda , 19 September 1982, R.M. Bueno s.n. ( ICN 88304 ) ; Júlio de Castilhos , without date, D. Boeira s.n. ( PACA 73554 ) ; Maquiné, Estação Experimental Fitotécnica de Osório , 10 September 1993, L. Sevegnani s.n. ( PACA 73968 ) ; Mariana Pimentel , 17April 1982, R.M. Bueno 16 ( ICN) ; Montenegro, Linha Campestre , 22 April 1948, A. Sehnem 3323 ( MBM, PACA) ; Morro Reuter , 24 February 1957, O. Almeida s.n. ( ICN 1604 ) ; Pareci Novo , 150 m, 13 October 1945, A. Sehnem 1344 ( PACA) ; Parobé , sítio de M.L. Porto, 31 March 1982, R.M. Bueno s.n. ( ICN 67868 ) ; Pelotas, Horto Botânico — Instituto Agronômico do Sul, 11 March 1956, A. Schultz 3614 ( ICN) ; Porto Alegre, Morro da Extrema , 17 June 1996, R.M. Senna & C. Kazmirczak s.n. ( ICN 107434 ) ; Rio Pardo, Fazenda Soledade , 70 m, 05 February 1903, F.R. Schoenwald & Deutrich s.n. ( ICN 18339 ) ; Santa Cruz do Sul, 1905, A. Stier s.n. (Fil. Austr. Exsic. 41) (K) ; idem, Trombudo , 01 March 1978, J.L. Waechter 762 ( ICN) ; São Francisco de Paula, Carapina , 21 February 1987, R. Wasum et al. s.n. ( MBM 114266 ) ; São Leopoldo, Quinta São Manoel, without date, J. Dutra 13 ( ICN) ; São Sebastião do Caí , propriedade do Sr. Hugo Leão, 12 April 1959, A. Backes 230 ( ICN) ; Sapiranga , 18 June 1989, A. Silva Jr. s.n. ( UPCB) ; Sapucaia do Sul, Morro Sapucaia , 05 May 1949, L. Afonso 17 ( HBR, ICN) ; Tramandaí , margens da Lagoa Custódia, 20 January 1963, O.R. Camargo 3853, 3855 ( PACA) ; Torres, Faxinal , 20 December 1977, L.R.M. Baptista et al. s.n. ( ICN 35946 ). Unknown state: without date, W.J. Burchell 152a, 3286 (K) ; without date, C.F.P. von Martius 372 ( FI) ; without date, F. Sellow s.n. (K); without date, L. Riedel s.n. (K); without date, Fox s.n. (K) ; without date, G. Gardner 47 (K); 1835, J.S. Blanchet s.n. (FI-Webb. 212292).