Dugdaleiella monticola ( Maassen, 1890 ) Grehan & Mielke, 2018

Grehan, John R. & Mielke, Os. G. C., 2018, New species of Dugdaleiella, gen. nov., Kozloviella, gen. nov., and Pfitzneriella Viette from upper elevation Andes of Ecuador and Peru (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), Zootaxa 4497 (1), pp. 1-28 : 19-20

Dugdaleiella monticola ( Maassen, 1890) comb. n.

( Figs 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 9g, 9h , 10i , 14f , 15d, 16h, 16i, 16j , 25a, 25b )

Dalaca monticola Kirby (1892)

Triodia monticola Maasen (1890) ; Pfitzner (1906, 1938); Zukoswski (1954)

Pfitzneriella monticola Nielsen & Robinson (1983) ; Heppner (1984).

Diagnosis. Distinguished from all other Hepialidae by presence of a pale grayish white longitudinal FW band between A and CuA2, of varying width and subtending a band of darker grayish brown along posterior edge of CuA2 (less distinct in melanic specimen) ( Figs 8c, 8d ). FW markings comprise indistinct to prominent grayish white irregularly shaped transverse bands that contrast with the speckled patterns found in Kozloviella gen. n. and Pfitzneriella .

Redescription. Male ( Figs 8a, 8b, 8c ): Wingspan 46 mm; FW length: 20 mm, width: 9 mm, ratio 2.2: 1; HW length: 16 mm, width: 7 mm, ratio 2.3.

Head. Greyish brown. Palpus with short basal palpomere, second palpomere longest, wider apically, terminal palpomere narrow, slightly shorter than the former ( Figs 9g, 9h ).

Thorax. Pale greyish to yellowish brown dorsally, greyish brown ventrally. Legs coloured as the thorax. Scutum III pale yellowish brown. FW dorsal ground colour pale to dark greyish brown with areas of pale greyish white markings, particularly along CuA2 and forming a broken transverse band of varying width and continuity; transverse band sometimes extending to costal margin near FW apex. HW dorsal greyish brown, fringe may be greyish or yellowish brown. FW and HW ventral greyish brown.

Abdomen. Pale yellowish to greyish brown.

Male genitalia. As for genus.

Female unknown.

Distribution. Central and northern volcanic region of Ecuador ( Figs 27a, 27b ).

Habitat. High elevation subalpine shrublands, including Paramos.

Material examined (in total 5 ♂). All ECUADOR: 2 ♂, Carchi. 18–23km W Tufino pass, Volcan Chiles, Paramo, 4,070 m, 18.XI.1987. R. Davidson & C. Young leg. ( CMNH) . 2 ♂, Cotopaxi, Cotopaxi National Park , entrance, 2,800 m, 10.III.1995. K. Wolfe leg.; JRG M193 ( CMNH) . 1 ♂, Cotopaxi, Parque Nacional Cotopaxi , 14.IV.1986, Wolfson leg., (on light trap); Dissection JRG M136 ( CMNH).

Remarks. A putative syntype of Triodia monticola that was dissected by Viette (but not published) did not have a locality specified on the label, but the 4,200 m elevation and original Maassen’s handwritten labels provides evidence that it is one of Maassen’s (1890) syntypes for D. monticola at Sincholagua. This specimen can therefore be reliably treated as that species, and we thus chose it as the Lectotype. One male syntype with a label “ type ” of Triodia monticola Maassen, 1890 is here designated lectotype with the following labels (separated by forward slashes): / Triodia monticola Mn , Ecuador, 4200 m /Mssn G./ P. Viette Gen. ♂ No. 2235/Specimen photograph for checklist Aust. Lep., film 168 1/4/ Lectotypus, Triodia monticola Maassen, 1890 , Grehan & C. Mielke 2018, det. (ZMHB). Fig. 8a .

We were unable to reliably differentiate both D. monticola and Pfitzneriella lucicola , both species described by Maassen (1890), as we have not located any representative material for P. lucicola (original description based on four specimens from Putzulagua [recte Cerro Putzulahua]). One of two specimens at ZMHB identified as P. lucicola that was examined by us bears a label with information (Type /1380/ Dalaca lucicola (Maassen) / Sincholagua 4200/indecipherable text) that did not correspond to the type locality or elevation (3,600 m) given by Maassen (1890). At present time, the primary types of P. lucicola are considered to be unresolved and this supersedes the type deposition mentioned by Mielke & Grehan (2012). As we have not examined a verifiable specimen of the type series for T. lucicola it would be premature to transfer the species to Dugdaleiella gen. n., particularly as external appearance is often not a reliable indicator of generic position in the Hepialidae . Due to uncertainty about its proper phylogenetic status we retain its taxonomic allocation to Pfitzneriella , but not as part of the phylogenetic characterization of the genus.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Wing venation (male unless otherwise specified). 10a, Kozloviella viazmenskyi sp. n.; 10b, P. antonkozlovi sp. n.; 10c, P. olafi sp. n.; 10d, P. rawlinsi sp. n.; 10e, P. remota (from photo only, venation incomplete due to damaged condition of HT); 10f, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n.; 10g, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n. (female); 10h, Dugdaleiella monticola.

FIGURES 8–9. Voucher specimens. 8, Dugdaleiella monticola male. 8a, LT (ZMHB); 8b, Cotopaxi, Ecuador (CMNH); 8c, Volcán Chiles, Ecuador (CMNH); 8d, male, Volcán Chiles, Ecuador (CMNH). 9, Labial palpi (male unless otherwise specified), 9a, Kozloviella viazmenskyi sp. n.; 9b, Pfitzneriella antonkozlovi sp. n.; 9c, P. rawlinsi sp. n.; 9d, P. titarenkoi sp. n.; 9e, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n.; 9f, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n. (female); 9g, Dugdaleiella monticola. Photos: Jane Hyland (Fig. 8), John Grehan (Figs 9a–b, d–h), and Carlos Mielke (Fig. 9c). Scale 1 mm (when present).

FIGURES 12–14. 12, Antenna. Pfitzneriella rawlinsi sp. n. (unscaled). 13, Legs. 13a, Kozloviella viazmenskyi sp. n.; 13b, P. olafi sp. n.; 13c, P. rawlinsi sp. n.; 13d, P. titarenkoi sp. n.; 13e, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n. 14, Metatibia. 14a, P. antonkozlovi sp. n.; 14b, P. rawlinsi sp. n.; 14c, P. titarenkoi; 14d, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n.; 14e, P. antonkozlovi sp. n.; 14f, Dugdaleiella monticola. Photos: John Grehan (Figs 12, 14e, 14f), Carlos Mielke (Figs 13,14a–d). Scale 1 mm.

FIGURES 15–16. Tergosternal connection. 15a, Kozloviella viazmenskyi sp. n.; 15b, Pfitzneriella yuliyakovalevae sp. n.; 15c, P. rawlinsi sp. n.; 15d, Dugdaleiella monticola. 16, Abdomen (males unless otherwise specified). 16a, K. viazmenskyi sp. n.; 16b, P. antonkozlovi sp. n.; 16c, P. olafi sp. n.; 16d, P. rawlinsi sp. n.; 16e, P. titarenkoi sp. n.; 16f, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n.; 16g, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n. (female); 16h–16j, Dugdaleiella monticola. 16h, tergum II; 16i, sternum II; 16j, tergum and sternum VIII. Photos: John Grehan (Figs 15d, 16h–16j), Carlos Mielke (Figs 15a–15c, 16a–16g).

FIGURES 17–25. Genitalia (male unless otherwise specified). 17, Kozloviella viazmenskyi sp. n. HT. 17a, ventral; 17b, lateral. 18, Pfitzneriella antonkozlovi sp. n. HT, ventral. 19, P. olafi sp. n. HT, ventral. 20, P. rawlinsi sp. n. HT, ventral. 21, P. remota HT (redrawn from Viette (1951a)). 22, P. titarenkoi sp. n. HT, ventral. 23, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n. 23a, ventral; 23b, lateral. 24, P. yuliyakovalevae sp. n. PT female. 24a, posterior; 24b, lateral. 25, Dugdaleiella monticola. 25a, LT (ZMHB); 25b, Cotopaxi, Parque Nacional Cotopaxi. Dissection JRG 136 (CMNH). sa = saccus, fs = fultura superior, fi = fultura inferior, as = apodemal suture. Scale 1 mm (when present). Photos: Carlos Mielke (Figs 17–20, 22–25b).

FIGURES 27–29. Distribution. 27, Dugdaleiella gen. n., Kozloviella gen. n., and Pfitzneriella locality records. 27a, Ecuador and Peru. Tectonic boundaries approximate; 27b, Dugdaleiella gen. n. and P. lucicola in Ecuador. 28, Locality records of Peruvian Pfitzneriella in relation to eastern Andean montane forests (modified from Young & León (2000) with permission by Kenneth Young). 29, Principal groups of Hepialidae in Central and South America. Phassus/Schausiana/Phthius (solid line), cibyrine genera of Hepialidae (dotted line), Dugdaleiella gen. n./Kozloviella gen. n./Pfitzneriella (pale green), Uiridigigas (red), and southern Andean genera (blue).