Aspidosperma tomentosum Mart. & Zucc., 1824

Castello, Ana Carolina Devides, Pereira, Andreza Stephanie De Souza, Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki, Zuntini, Alexandre Rizzo, Simões, André Olmos & Koch, Ingrid, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae), Phytotaxa 571 (3), pp. 239-277 : 269-270

Aspidosperma tomentosum Mart. & Zucc. in Flora 7(1, Beil. 4): 135. 1824, typ. cons.

≡ Aspidosperma tomentosum var. tomentosum. ≡ Macaglia tomentosa (Mart.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 416. 1891.

Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Campis S. Philippi , secundum Fluvium S. Francisci , s.d., C.F.P. von Martius s.n. ( M [barcode M-0183474 image!]; isolectotypes: G [barcode G00143874 image!], M [barcode M-0183473 image!, barcode M-0183475 image!, barcode M-0183476 image!]) .

= Aspidosperma dasycarpon A.DC., Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 396. 1844. ≡ Macaglia dasycarpa (A.DC.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 416. 1891. Lectotype (designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 147. 1951):— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: 1840, P.C. D. Claussen 346 (G [barcode G00169397 image!]). B†, F negative No. 4410 image!.

= Aspidosperma tomentosum var. angustifolium Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 45. 1860. Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Bahia: Probe Caeté, s.d., L. Riedel 671 (W [No. W0057117 image!]; isolectotypes: W [No. W0057118 image!, No. W0057119 image!]).

= Aspidosperma tomentosum var. velutinum Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 45. 1860. Syntype [perhaps holotype]:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Probe Sabará, s.d., L. Riedel 628 (LE).

= Aspidosperma pallidiflorum Müll.Arg. in Warming in Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1869(6–8): 101. 1869. Lectotype (designated here):— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Lagoa Santa, s.d., J.E.B. Warming s.n. (C [barcode C10005749 image!]; isolectotype: NY [barcode 00970770 image!]).

= Aspidosperma rojasii Hassl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12(325/330): 257. 1913. Lectotype (first-step lectotype designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 148. 1951; second-step lectotype designated by Elsam et al. in Bonplandia 30(1): 33. 2021):— PARAGUAY. [Amambay]: Sierra de Amambay, pr. Esperanza , Sep 1907 /1908, T. Rojas s.n. [E. Hassler [10629]] (G (mounted on two herbarium sheets) [barcode G00108802 image!]; isolectotypes: C [barcode C10005751 image!], G [barcode G00108803 image!, barcode G00108804 image!], K [barcode K000587653 image!, barcode K000587654 image!], NY [barcode 00297992 image!], P [barcode P00639541 image!], RB [fragment] [barcode 00535079!], S [No. S12-16255 image!]). B†, F negative No. 4428 image!.

“ Aspidosperma velutinum ” Fisch. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 45. 1860, pro syn.

Notes —The diagnosis of A. tomentosum presented in “ Flora ” by Martius & Zuccarini (1824) was based on a single collection made by Martius himself, though the indication of the original material (Martius s.n.) was only made later by Martius (1824) in “ Nova Genera et Species Plantarum ”. Since there is one sheet in the herbarium M from the single collection made by Martius (1824) for A. tomentosum that resembles the illustration first mentioned in “ Flora ”, but only published in “ Nova Genera et Species Plantarum ” (plate 34 (M barcode M-0183474)), we elected this sheet as the lectotype (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Furthermore, Müller-Argoviensis (1860a) indicated the gathering Riedel 671 in the prologue of A. tomentosum var. angustifolium but did not cite in which herbarium the type would be deposited. Thus, we chose a material with mature leaves and flowers as the lectotype of A. tomentosum var. angustifolium (W No. W0057117) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Finally, Müller-Argoviensis (1869) did not cite in which herbarium the type of A. pallidiflorum would be deposited. Therefore, we chose the best-preserved specimen from this collection as the lectotype of A. pallidiflorum (C barcode C10005749) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018).

Woodson (1951) and Elsam et al. (2021) considered A. chodatii Hassl. ex Markgr. (not mentioned by Elsam et al. (2021)), A. gomezianum A.DC. , A. hilarianum Müll.Arg. , A. obscurum Müll.Arg. , and A. tomentosum var. claussenii A.DC. (not mentioned by Woodson (1951)) as synonyms of A. tomentosum . We disagree with both authors as we recognize A. gomezianum as a different species and include A. obscurum in its synonym (see the species notes). Also, we treated A. chodatii and A. hilarianum as synonyms of A. subincanum ( Castello et al. 2018) and A. camporum , respectively (see the species notes). Lasty, Duarte (1968) described A. gilbertii Duarte, a species that shared some characteristics with A. tomentosum . However, we are still studying its description and types and for now do not have enough evidence to make decisions about its identity. So, we treated A. gilbertii as “ incertae sedis ”. We did the same for A. tomentosum var. claussenii , due to the lack of outstanding diagnostic characteristics in its protologue and our unsuccessful search for types associated with this name.