Zammara smaragdina Walker, 1850

Sanborn, Allen F., 2018, The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Panama including the description of six new species, three new combinations, one new synonymy, and nine new records, Zootaxa 4493 (1), pp. 1-69 : 10

Zammara smaragdina Walker, 1850

Zammara smaragdina Walker 1850: 33 . (West coast of America)

Remarks. This is the largest of the Panamanian Zammara species with male body lengths as long as 38 mm (females are smaller with body lengths less than 30 mm in many cases). The species can be distinguished by bronzing being restricted to the proximal half of the fore wings, the sinusoidal median crossvein, and apical infuscation of apical cells 1 connecting across apical cell 2 and apical cell 3 to infuscation on distal radius posterior and median vein 1 roughly forming an E-shape on the fore wing apex ( Goemans 2016).

Distribution. The species has been recorded from Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela ( Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn & Maes 2012; Maes et al. 2012; Sanborn 2013; 2014; Goemans 2016). The species has been reported from Volcan de Chiriqui ( Distant 1881), Las Cumbres, Province of Panama, 150 m altitude in secondary growth forest ( Wolda & Ramos 1992), Chiriquí, Bugaba, Chiriquí Province, Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, San Lorenzo Forest, K 8– 13 El Llano Carti Rd., Rte de El Llano á Carti Km 16, Santa Rita Ridge, and 7–11 km El Llano Carti Rd in Colon Province ( Goemans 2016) in Panama.

Material examined. “ PANAMA: Darién Prov. / P.N. Darién Cerro Pirre / “Campo Plastico” 620m / 7.9973°N, 77.7129°W / VI–3–5–2015, E. Riley, UV // TAMU—ENTO / X1229964” one female ( TAMU); “ PANAMA: Darién Prov. / P.N. Darién Cerro Pirre / “Campo Plastico” 620m / 7.9973°N, 77.7129°W / VI–3–5–2015, E. Riley, UV // TAMU—ENTO / X1229740” one male ( TAMU); “ PANAMA: Darién Prov. / P.N. Darién Cerro Pirre / “Campo Plastico” 620m / 7.9973°N, 77.7129°W / VI–3–5–2015, E. Riley, UV // TAMU—ENTO / X1229761” one male ( TAMU); “ PANAMA: Darién Prov. / P.N. Darién Cerro Pirre / “Campo Plastico” 620m / 7.9973°N, 77.7129°W / VI–3–5–2015, E. Riley, UV // TAMU—ENTO / X1230307” one female ( TAMU); “ PANAMA: Darién Prov. / P.N. Darién Cerro Pirre / “Campo Plastico” 620m / 7.9973°N, 77.7129°W / VI–3–5–2015, E. Riley, UV // TAMU—ENTO / X1228466” one female ( TAMU); “ PANAMA: Darién Prov. / P.N. Darién Cerro Pirre / “Campo Plastico” 620m / 7.9973°N, 77.7129°W / VI–3–5–2015, E. Riley, UV // TAMU—ENTO / X1230018” one female ( TAMU); “ PANAMA: Colón / Sierra Llorona Lodge 225m / Cerro Sta. Rita 2–3 Aug 2008 / J.B. Heppner ” one female ( FSCA); “ PANAMA: Colon / Piña , 100 m / 4–28–1971 / H.L. King ” one male ( FSCA); “ PANAMA: Colon / Piña , 100 m / 4–27–1971 / H.L. King ” one female ( FSCA); “ PANAMÁ: Coclé, / El Valle, VI – / 10–13– 1985 E. / Riley & D. Rider ” one male ( AFSC); “ PANAMA, San Blas Pr. / Nusagandi / 28 may (sic) ’95 Caven ” one male ( AFSC); “ PANAMA: Panama / Parq. Nac. Soberaria / Pipeline Rd 2 km W Gamboa / VI-9–10-1993 / B. Ratcliffe & M. Jameson ” one male ( AFSC); “ PANAMA: Cerro Jefe / V–30–1986 / B. C. Ratcliffe.” one male ( AFSC).