Fidicina mannifera ( Fabricius, 1803 )

Sanborn, Allen F., 2018, The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Panama including the description of six new species, three new combinations, one new synonymy, and nine new records, Zootaxa 4493 (1), pp. 1-69 : 20-21

Fidicina mannifera ( Fabricius, 1803)

Tettigonia mannifera Fabricius 1803: 36 . (South America)

Cicada cantatrix Germar 1830: 41 .

Fidicina rana Walker 1850: 88 . (Unknown collecting locality)

Fidicina excavata Walker 1850: 92 . (South America)

Fidicina divisa Walker 1858a: 16 . ( Demerara, Guyana)

Fidicina africana Metcalf 1955 nom. nov. pro Cideaa (sic) plebeja Linné, 1767 nec Cicada plebja Scopoli 1763: 267 .

Remarks. Fidicina mannifera is generally smaller than F. ethelae with a wingspan less than 130 mm. The species can be distinguished further by the timbal cover of the male not extending below the metascutellar plate, the male operculum being an approximate equilateral triangle, the fore femora proximal spine being parallel to the femoral axis and the apical femoral spine being almost upright, and the lateral branch of the uncus is flat and does not recurve.

The species is a rainy season cicada with emergence times reported between mid-April and mid-October ( Wolda 1977; 1989). The species calls at dawn, during the day and at dusk in Panama ( Wolda 1993) and has been associated with Zanthoxylum panamense Wilson ( Bartholomew & Barnhart 1984) . This was the first cicada to be shown to be endothermic regulating its body temperature using endogenous heat production ( Bartholomew & Barnhart 1984).

Distribution. The species has been recorded from the Antilles, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Surinam ( Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Dorval et al. 2011; Maccagnan & Martinelli 2011; Sanborn 2011a; 2011b; 2013; 2014). Some of these references may correspond to one or more of the species similar to F. mannifera described by Boulard & Martinelli (1996). The species has been reported from David (= San José de David, Chiriquí) ( Distant 1881), Barro Colorado Island ( Bonaccorso 1979; Bartholomew & Barnhart 1984; Johnson & Foster 1986), Barro Colorado Island, Panama Canal Zone, 120 m altitude in lowland forest ( Wolda 1977; 1989; Wolda & Ramos 1992), Las Cumbres, 15 km north of Panama City ( Wolda 1993), and Las Cumbres, Province of Panama, 150 m altitude in secondary growth forest ( Wolda & Ramos 1992) in Panama.

Material examined. “ PANAMA: Panama / Cerro Azul 335 m / VI–8–1993 / B. Ratcliffe & M. Jameson ” two males ( AFSC); “ PANAMÁ: Canal / Zone, Fort / Kobbe VI–9–1985 / E. Riley & D. Rider ” one male ( AFSC); “ Las Cumbres / Panama Prov. R.P. / 25 May 1968 ” one female ( AFSC); “ Las Cumbres / Panama Prov. R.P. / 4 July 1967 ” one male ( AFSC); “ PANAMA: Pan. Prv. / Cerro Azul / May 29, 1983 / J.E. Wappes ” one male ( AFSC); “ PANAMA CANAL ZONE / Barro Colorado I. / 17 August 1977 / G.A. Bartholomew ” one male and one female ( AFSC); “ Barro Colorado I. / CZ Panama / V–1982 / R B & L S Kimsey ” one male ( AFSC); “ Barro Colorado I. / CZ Panama / VI 7 1982 / R B & L S Kimsey ” one female ( AFSC); “ PANAMA: Canal Zone / Base of Cerro / Galera VI-6-1985 / E. Riley & D. Rider // LSAM / 0300543 ” one female ( LSAM); “ PANAMA: Canal Zone / Base of Cerro / Galera VI-6-1985 / E. Riley & D. Rider // LSAM / 0300544 ” one male ( LSAM); “ Panama: Barro Colorado Isl. / N 09° 09.861’ W 79° 50.201’ / 1 August 2005 —(WGS 84) / M. Ferro—Hand Collecting // LSAM / 0300500 ” one female ( LSAM).