Eperua oleifera Ducke var. oleifera

Fortes, Elenice A., Dos, Ilka P., Steege, Hans Ter, Aymard, Gerardo, Secco, Ricardo De S., Martins-Da-Silva, Regina Célia V. & Mansano, Vidal F., 2023, A taxonomic revision of the genus Eperua (Leguminosae, Detarioideae, Detarieae), Phytotaxa 617 (1), pp. 1-127 : 76

14a. Eperua oleifera Ducke var. oleifera

( Figures 14 , 44 , 45 )

Tree 18.0–30.0 m tall. Blades: lower pair base obtuse to rounded, rarely cordate, middle pair base obtuse, sometimes obtuse to cuneate, sometimes rounded, tertiary veins conspicuous to inconspicuous, not prominent in the adaxial surface, rarely prominent.

Phenology:— Flowering in January, from May to August, and in November; fruiting in July and August.

Distribution:— Southeast of Amazonas state in the Madeira River basin ( Brazil).

Habitat:— Mainly in upland (terra-firme) forests on sandy soils, but also in flooded forests at ca. 100 m elev.

Occurrence in protected areas:— Unknown.

Etymology:— The specific epithet relates to the oil resin that is extracted from its trunk ( Ducke 1932).

Vernacular names:— jacaré-copahiba (Ducke W.A. 213, 235, s.n. RB23290, s.n. RB20217), copaíba-jacaré (Coêlho L.F. s.n. INPA 39594), copaíba preta (Coêlho L.F. s.n. INPA 42008).

Uses:— Unknown.

Taxonomic notes:— Eperua oleifera can be differentiated from other species of Eperua by the 3-jugate leaves with straight and adaxially nitid and conspicuous pellucid-punctate leaflets. Among the species with tubular corollas, E. oleifera differs by the combination tomentose to strigose inflorescences, strigulose, tomentulose to tomentose sepals, bracteoles attached to the higher portion of the pedicels or at the base of the hypanthium, villous sheath, and glabrous ovary (see Table 2 ).

Selected specimens:— BRAZIL. Amazonas, Borba , Axinim , rio madeira , 07 May 1936 – 05 July 1936, Ducke W.A. 213 ( F, K, MO, NY, R, S, US). Manicoré, distrito de Santo Antônio do Matupi , área de manejo do Sr. Amadeu S. Vidal , faz. M„o de Bronze, rodovia transamazônica 234 , 106.7 m elev., 7°54’31”S 61°36’28”W, 25 August 2014, Amoêdo A.B. et al. 49 ( EAFM). Maués, along rio Apoquitaua, just above mouth of rio Pacoval , 3°47’0”S 57°56’0”W, 27 July 1983, Zarucchi J.L. et al. 3209 ( F, INPA, HFSL, MG, MO, NY, RB, UFACPZ, US ). Rio de Janeiro (cultivated), Rio de Janeiro , Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro , 01 July 1989, Gonçalves V.F. s.n. RB422083 ( RB) .

Figures

FIGURE 14. Geographic distribution of Eperua purpurea, E. oleifera var. campestris, and E. oleifera var. oleifera.

FIGURE 44. Eperua oleifera var. oleifera: A. habit; B. trunk; C. inner bark and sap-wood and heartwood; D. leaf; E. flower, lateral view; F. inflorescence; G. stamens joined in a diadelphous sheath. Photos, F. Farroñay.

FIGURE 45. Eperua oleifera. A. fruiting branchlet, var. oleifera.; B. flowering branchlet, var. campestris; C adaxial petal, var. campestris; D. base of the stamens joined in a diadelphous sheath, var. campestris; E. anther and filament, var. campestris; F. carpel, var. campestris; G. stigma, var. campestris. Specimens, A: Zarucchi J.L. et al. 2935; B: Zarucchi J.L. et al. 2842; C–E: Schultes R.E. & López F. 10337. Illustrated by Carlos Alvarez.