Eperua manausensis, E.A. Fortes & Mansano

Fortes, Elenice A., Dos, Ilka P., Steege, Hans Ter, Aymard, Gerardo, Secco, Ricardo De S., Martins-Da-Silva, Regina Célia V. & Mansano, Vidal F., 2023, A taxonomic revision of the genus Eperua (Leguminosae, Detarioideae, Detarieae), Phytotaxa 617 (1), pp. 1-127 : 73

12. Eperua manausensis E.A. Fortes & Mansano (2023: 204)

( Figure 9 , Fortes et al. 2023 Figures 6 , 7 )

Type: — BRAZIL. Amazonas , Manaus , Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, trilha do Jardim Botânico MUSA , planta marcada JBN 634 , 08 June 2017 , Cabral F. N . et al. 1561 (holotype INPA [0284318]!, isotype RB [01459755]!) .

Tree 20.0 m tall. Trunk 38.0 cm in diameter, bark brownish, lenticellate. Stipules 1.8–1.9 × 0.8–1.4 mm, free, nonfoliaceous, ovate to lanceolate, caducous. Leaves 2–3-jugate, glabrous; petioles 0.6–2.9 cm long; rachis 3.5–14.6 cm long; petiolules 6.2–9.1 mm long; blades 5.3–12.8 × 3.5–6.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, inconspicuous pellucid-punctate to pellucid-punctate, discolorous, equilateral, lower pair ovate, middle pair elliptic, upper pair elliptic, apex attenuate to acuminate, base symmetrical, lower pair base subcordate to cordate, middle pair base subcordate to rounded, upper pair base subcordate, rounded to obtuse, margin revolute to flat at the apex, secondary venation with two intramarginal veins, vein closer to the margin continuous, main vein straight, prominent only near the base on the adaxial surface, tertiary veins conspicuous. Inflorescences axillary, panicle, erect, tomentose, brownish-yellow, 4.6–8.9 cm long, lateral racemes 2.1–3.4 cm long, alternate and distichous; bracts not seen, caducous; bracteoles 4.9– 5.0 × 3.0– 3.2 mm, ovate, apex gland present, tomentose externally, pubescent to tomentose within, brownish-yellow, caducous, attached to the lower middle portion of the pedicel; pedicel 17.5–18.9 mm long, 1.0 mm in diameter, not twisted, tomentose, brownish-yellow; buds 0.7 cm long, 0.4 cm in diameter, tomentose, brownish-yellow. Flowers: hypanthium 3.8 mm long, 2.8 mm in diameter, cup-shaped, equilateral, tomentose, brownish-yellow; sepal 1.6 × 0.5 cm, oblong to elliptic, unequal, the dorsal one larger, cucullate, apex gland absent, pink, tomentose, scarious marginally, brownish-yellow; adaxial petal 3.8 × 4.7 cm, flabellate, tubular, apex rounded, base attenuate, pink to purple, glabrous; petalodia not seen; stamens inserted, joined basally in a diadelphous sheath, dorsal one free, longer filaments 3.1 cm long, shorter filaments 2.0 cm long, sheath inequilateral, shorter side 6.5 mm long, longer side 8.0 mm long, sheath tomentose, brownish-yellow, free filaments glabrous, anther 2.2 × 0.8 mm, rectangular; ovary 7.1 × 3.7 mm, obovate, densely tomentose to villous, brownish-yellow, stipe tomentose, style 4.0? cm long, glabrous, stigma capitate. Legumes 11.3–15.9 × 7.7–8.3 cm, stipe 0.9–1.4 mm long, obovate to irregularly elliptic, apex obtuse, apiculate, dorsal margin slightly thickened, brownish-red, with inconspicuous transversal veins, puberulous to puberulent, brownish. Seeds 1–2 per fruit.

Phenology:— Flowering in June; fruiting in January and June.

Distribution:— Brazil (Amazonas)

Habitat:— Upland (terra-firme) forest at 114 m elev.

Conservation status:— Categorized as Data Deficient (DD) according to the IUCN criteria ( IUCN 2012, IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2022) due to its recently circumscription and being known by only one specimen.

Occurrence in protected areas:— Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke ( Brazil, Amazonas).

Etymology:— The specific epithet is related to its first collection in the Museu da Amazônia, a botanical garden located in the city of Manaus ( Brazil, Amazonas) and associated with the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve ( Fortes et al. 2023).

Vernacular names:— Unknown.

Uses:— Unknown.

Taxonomic notes:— Eperua manausensis differs from other species with short and erect inflorescence and tubular corolla by the following combination of characteristics: free stipules, two intramarginal veins, vein closer to the margin continuous, tomentose inflorescence, caducous bracteoles attached to the lower middle portion of the pedicels, tomentose sheath, tomentose to villous ovary. Additionally, it differs from other species with tubular corolla by its 2–3-jugate leaves, and cordate to subcordate leaflet base.

Specimens examined (Paratypes):— BRAZIL. Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke , MUSA, planta marcada JBN 634 ao lado direito da Casa-Oficina, à 20 m da trilha Branca, 114 m elev., 3°0’22.9”S 59°56’22.7”W, 27 January 2022, Fortes E.A. & Viana G.P. 194b ( HUEFS, IAN, INPA, MG, NY, RB [01458706]!, UEC, US).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Main fruiting characteristics of the genus Eperua. A. falcate fruit, 4:1 length/width proportion, E. falcata; B. falcate fruit, 4:1 length/width proportion, E. leucantha; C. non-falcate one-seeded fruit, 1:1 length/width proportion, E. grandiflora; D. falcate fruit, 3:1 length/width proportion, E. duckeana; E. non-falcate fruit, 2:1 length/width proportion, E. jenmanii; E. non-falcate fruit, 1:1 length/width proportion, E. glabriflora var. glabriflora. Specimens, D: Fortes E.A. et al. 191b; E: Redden K.M. et al. 1760. Photos, A, C: D. Sabatier; B: H. ter Steege; D, E: E.A. Fortes; F: H.C. Lima.

FIGURE 7. Geographic distribution of Eperua (Leguminosae, Detarioideae), a genus endemic to the Northern region of South America. The map shows the different biogeographical regions of Amazonia (modified after Feldpausch et al. 2012) in which Eperua is distributed, and E. cerradoensis, which occurs outside of Amazonia in the Cerrado and Caatinga Biome in Brazil. Legend: CA, central Amazonia; EA, eastern Amazonia; GS, Guyana Shield; SA, southern Amazonia; WAN, northern part of western Amazonia; WAS, southern part of western Amazonia.

FIGURE 9. Geographic distribution of Eperua grandiflora subsp. grandiflora, E. grandiflora subsp. guyanensis, E. grandiflora subsp. ciliata, and E. manausensis.