Scrapter nitidus (Friese, 1909)
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2023.912.2373 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B1958762-5D89-4DC9-A8CE-AABB06B7979C |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10420002 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A4762C-FFB9-CA5D-FF71-33A2FDDBD50F |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Scrapter nitidus |
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The Scrapter nitidus View in CoL species group
A brief summary of Scrapter species group concepts, in particular the problematic history of the S. nitidus species group, was provided in the introduction. The focus here is on a revised and more consistent morphological definition of this taxon to accommodate species previously placed in other groups. The new broadened concept is also supported by unpublished preliminary molecular phylogenetic data. Eardley's (1996: 42–43) detailed diagnosis of the S. nitidus species group mostly refers to characters of limited diagnostic value when critically assessed based on the far richer Scrapter material available today. Exceptions are the medio-longitudinal depression of the clypeus and the narrow facial fovea.
Following the new definition, species of the S. nitidus species group are:
A) Medium-sized bees of usually 7–9 mm (range about 6–11 mm) body length and
B) characterized by deep and coarse punctation of head and mesosoma (e.g., Figs 26B View Fig , 39B–C View Fig ).
In combination with at least three of the following features:
C) Clypeus with medio-longitudinal depression (e.g., Figs 13B View Fig , 15C View Fig ) (clypeus convex: S. flavipes , S. convexus sp. nov.; clypeus flat: S. flavostictus , S. caeruleus sp. nov.).
D) Facial fovea almost linear and narrow, bottom barely visible (e.g., Figs 5B View Fig , 39B View Fig ) (facial fovea broader: S. basutorum , S. flavipes ).
E) Basal part of propodeum ± horizontal.
F) Males: Metasoma slender ± parallel-sided, about three times as long as broad (less distinct in S. basutorum subgroup and S. confusus subgroup).
G) Males: S7 apicolateral lobes reduced (e.g., Figs 6F View Fig , 18F View Fig ) (S7 with small apicolateral lobes: S. felicis sp. nov., S. flavipunctatus sp. nov., S. montanus sp. nov., S. pallidicinctus ).
Transitional forms exist that link the S. nitidus group to the closely related “euryglossiform” Scrapter and the relatives of S. aureiferus Cockerell, 1932 and S. calx Eardley, 1996 respectively (the latter form a species group of their own). But species of these two groups are generally distinctly smaller (usually <6 mm) with much finer punctation than in the S. nitidus group and males have a broader and shorter metasoma. Furthermore, “euryglossiform” Scrapter are the smallest bees of the genus and have an even narrower groove-like facial fovea with an invisible bottom but share with the S. nitidus group reduced apicolateral lobes of S7 and the general shape of male genitalia ( Kuhlmann 2014; Kuhlmann & Friehs 2020).
The Scrapter nitidus group can be divided into five subgroups ( Table 1 View Table 1 ) which differ in morphological characters and partly in distribution patterns. Since the phylogeny of the taxa of the Scrapter nitidus species group is unknown, species are listed alphabetically within the subgroups with the latter defined before the species are treated.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.