Teleogryllus occipitalis ( Serville, 1838 )

Jaiswara, Ranjana, Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Jain, Manjari, 2021, Taxonomic revision of Teleogryllus mitratus (Burmeister, 1838) and T. occipitalis (Serville, 1838) in India, withthe description of Teleogryllus rohinae Jaiswara & Jain sp. nov. and a key for Teleogryllus species from India (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), Zootaxa 5016 (1), pp. 81-106 : 89-91

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5016.1.3
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scientific name	Teleogryllus occipitalis ( Serville, 1838 )
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Teleogryllus occipitalis ( Serville, 1838) View in CoL

Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 3A–H View FIGURE 3 , 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6C View FIGURE 6 , 7D View FIGURE 7 , 8B View FIGURE 8 , 9C View FIGURE 9 , 10E–H View FIGURE 10 & 11C–D View FIGURE 11 ; Table 2

Gryllus occipitalis Serville, 1838: 339 View in CoL .

Teleogryllus occipitalis View in CoL — Chopard 1967: 98 — Townsend 1980: 154.

Teleogryllus (Brachyteleogryllus) occipitalis View in CoL — Gorochov 1985: 13.

= Gryllus perspicillatus Serville, 1838 View in CoL . Neotype male: same specimen designated by Townsend (1980) as neotype of G. occipitalis Serville (NHM) View in CoL . Synonymy in Townsend (1980).

= Gryllus consimilis Walker, 1869 View in CoL . Holotype female, Philippines (Cuming) (NHM). Removed from it synonymy with Gryllus testaceus Walker View in CoL and synonymized with G. occipitalis Serville View in CoL by Townsend (1980).

= Gryllulus taiwanemma Ohmachi & Matsuura, 1951 . Holotype male, Taiwan (EIHU). Synonymy in Ichikawa et al. (2000).

Not synonymized with Teleogryllus meghalayanus Lahiri and Ghosh, 1975 View in CoL . See Townsend (1980), contra Cigliano et al. (2021).

Type locality: Asia-Tropical , Malaysia, Sumatra, Fort de Kock .

Type material: Neotype —Sumatra, Fort de Kock , 1 ♂, 1924 (Jacobson), NHM. Designated in Townsend (1980).

Materials examined: 5 ♂, 5 ♀, India: Uttar Pradesh, Bansinagar, 6km from Palia Kalan , 157m asl, 28° 28′ 16.6′′ N 80° 37′ 36.1′′ E, 21.iii.2015. collected and identified by R. Jaiswara & M. Jain, IISERM GoogleMaps .

[ China], Yunnan-Fou, San-non-Kai [= Shain-nan Ka?], 1 ♂ (10691), identified T. occipitalis by J.T. Yang; dissected and identified T. occipitalis by L. Desutter-Grandcolas ( MNHN).

Népal oriental, Exp. Jannu, 9 ♂, 13 ♀, P. Dreux, iv–v.1959 /1962 ( MNHN) .

Diagnosis: Emended characters. Distinct thick yellow bands on inner margins of eyes, underlining median ocellus ( Fig. 10H View FIGURE 10 ). Male. FW always covering epiproct completely, sometimes extending slightly beyond; stridulatory file with 216 to 243 teeth (mean 229, n=3); harp with usually 4–5 veins (occasionally 3) ( Fig. 7D View FIGURE 7 ). Mirror on male FW longer than wide. HW always very long beyond the abdomen ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 ). Male genitalia pseudepiphallic sclerite wide and somewhat square-shaped posteriorly ( Fig. 10E View FIGURE 10 ). Dominant frequency of male call = 4.4±0.2 kHz (n=5). Female. Ovipositor smaller than BL. Female genitalia: copulatory papilla mostly membranous as in Fig. 11C–D View FIGURE 11 , sharply tapering antero-posteriorly, sclerotization on the posterior end.

Description: In addition to the characters of the genus: Medium sized species. 5 th article of maxillary palpi wider and truncated from 1/3 rd of its length ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ). Legs. TI with a pair of ventral apical spurs, outer spur smaller than inner; one inner dorsal apical spur. TII with a pair of ventral and dorsal apical spurs, inner spurs smaller. FIII distally tapering; TIII inner ventral spur slightly more extended than outer; sub-apical spurs on inner margin 4–6 and most often 6 on outer. Basitarsomeres III with 3–5 spines on inner and 5–7 spines on outer margin.

Color. Head, pronotum and body black to dark brown. Occiput with feebly to distinctly visible vertical yellow strips ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ); wide yellow band on inner margin of eyes, underlining the median ocellus and extended high up almost up to the level of superior margins of eyes ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 , 10H View FIGURE 10 ). Cheeks yellow to brown; face and clypeus-labrum brownish; mandible dark brown. Pronotum DD distinctly black ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ). Legs mostly dark brown, sometimes yellowish with brown setae; abdomen with 6–9 th sternite darker in colouration.

Male. FW reaching almost up to the posterior margin of epiproct, HW always very long, extended beyond abdomen. FW with 3–6 oblique harp veins, diagonal vein almost straight, mirror longer than wide; apical field with 4–5 cell alignments; lateral field with 11–13 veins ( Fig. 7D View FIGURE 7 ). Stridulatory file with 216 to 243 teeth (mean 229, n=3); teeth on the file vein longer than wide and usually curled on either ends lengthwise ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ).

Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallus in dorsal view, wide and tri-lobate on posterior margin, in lateral view, median lobe projected like small hump; lateral lobes like short projections and at a much lower level as compared to median lobe, the whole thing making an arrow shape structure; posterior and lateral margins of pseudepiphallus conspicuously concave ( Fig. 10E View FIGURE 10 ). In lateral view, pseudepiphallus flat, apical part with a short hump and raised high dorsally; lateral margin straight; pseudepiphallic apodeme long ( Fig. 10F View FIGURE 10 ); pseudepiphallic parameres wider than T. mitratus ( Fig. 10G View FIGURE 10 ); ectophallic fold sclerotized, mostly extended to the posterior margin of pseudepiphallus and sometimes extended beyond. Rami deeply bifurcated. In lateral view: dorsal cavity mostly rounded in shape.

Female. Body slightly longer than males. FW length restricted to epiproct, almost overlapping with each other. Ovipositor shorter than BL, longer than hind femora and hind tibiae.

Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla mostly membranous as in Fig. 7C–D View FIGURE 7 , sharply tapering antero-posteriorly; posterior end with sclerotization.

Acoustic signal: Lu et al. (2018) observed a lower dominant frequency for the specimens of T. occipitalis (around 3.6 kHz, against 4.4 kHz for the specimens we recorded). Each chirp is composed of 4–5 syllables. The specimens observed by Lu et al. (2018) are broadly similar in size and morphology to the specimens observed here, which could mean that the song of this widely distributed species may vary along with its distribution.