Teleogryllus Chopard, 1961

Jaiswara, Ranjana, Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Jain, Manjari, 2021, Taxonomic revision of Teleogryllus mitratus (Burmeister, 1838) and T. occipitalis (Serville, 1838) in India, withthe description of Teleogryllus rohinae Jaiswara & Jain sp. nov. and a key for Teleogryllus species from India (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), Zootaxa 5016 (1), pp. 81-106 : 84-85

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5016.1.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F0DA73A8-E6EE-4A64-873C-964D8F25670B
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scientific name	Teleogryllus Chopard, 1961
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Genus Teleogryllus Chopard, 1961 View in CoL

Teleogryllus Chopard, 1961: 277 View in CoL — Otte and Cade 1983: 104.

Type species: Gryllus posticus Walker, 1869 View in CoL by original designation.

Distribution: Genus widespread in the Paleotropics and Oceania.

Diagnosis: See Otte & Cade (1983) and Desutter-Grandcolas et al. (2016).

Emended description: Species medium to large, with general coloration brown to black-brown. Head. Head slightly narrowing or almost of pronotum width. Dorsum and vertex rounded; eyes large but not protruding; lower margin of eyes and antennal pit at the same level. Median ocellus apical and D shaped, lateral ocelli rounded; dis-

tance between lateral ocelli twice as between median and lateral ocellus. Scape wider than long; fastigium almost two times scape width. Clypeo-frontal suture almost straight in line. Maxillary palpus with 3 rd and 4 th articles almost equal in length; 5 th article longest, dorsal margin concave and obliquely truncated from one-third of its length ( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 , 3C View FIGURE 3 , 4C View FIGURE 4 ). Pronotum. DD very transverse; anterior margin concave and posterior margin convex ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 , 3A View FIGURE 3 , 4A View FIGURE 4 ); LL rectangular, ascending posteriorly ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 , 3B View FIGURE 3 , 4B View FIGURE 4 ). Legs. TI with three apical spurs; inner tympanum small and rounded; outer tympanum well-developed, oval-shaped. TII with four apical spurs. TIII with three pairs of inner and outer apical spurs, outer apical spurs smaller, median spur longest on both sides; tibia with five to seven (usually five or six) inner and four to eight (usually six to eight) outer subapical spurs; inner subapical spurs bent distally; inner and outer subapical spurs facing each other, not alternate. Basitarsomere III with two short rows of small spines. FWs present in both sexes. HWs variable.

Color. Body black-brown to dark brown. The yellow band on inner margins of eyes either present or completely absent; when present, the band width varying from a very thin line to a thick band extended to superior margins of the eyes ( Fig. 10D, H, L View FIGURE 10 ). Ocelli yellow; scape, frons, and cheeks yellow to brown; maxillary palpi yellow to brown, uniform color (except in T. bicoloripes ); lateral ocelli connected with yellow line. Legs yellowish to brown. Tergites brown to dark brown, sternites light brown, and distally dark brown. FWs mostly light brown with anal and chord area more pigmented; humeral region often yellow in both males and females.

Male. Metanotum without glandular structures, as in all Gryllinae . FW and HW length variable, ranging from short to long, extended beyond the last tergite. Anal field slightly bulged dorsally. Venation: stridulatory apparatus always present on PCu, with two to six oblique veins in harp; mirror most often present, somewhat rounded or quadrangular, most often crossed by one vein; chord veins regularly spaced; diagonal vein almost straight to slightly convex; apical field short to long; lateral field very high with 11–14 somewhat oblique veins (much less in shortwinged species). Subgenital plate longer than wide, high in lateral view; supra-anal plate wider than long, distal margin round or rather square-shaped.

Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallic sclerite long and narrow, broadly triangular, with a long median process and two short lateral ones; median process either acute or wide in dorsal view; pseudepiphallic apodemes long, sometimes slightly twisted along the length; pseudepiphallic parameres elongate, sclerotized on inner and outer margins, their apex acute; rami straight to strongly convex, not fused distally. Ectophallic fold long and thin. Dorsal cavity high, not twisted.

Female. FW and HW length variable ranging from very short to long; FWs overlapping. FWs with diagonally parallel longitudinal veins on the dorsal side. Subgenital plate with concave posterior margin. In the specimens observed, ovipositor most often shorter than body length; valves slightly widened apically. Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla long, with variable ring-shaped sclerotization (see Fig. 11 View FIGURE 11 ).

Remarks: Teleogryllus is presently subdivided into five subgenera based on the shape of pseudepiphallic parameres of the male genitalia ( Cigliano et al. 2021). These are Afroteleogryllus Gorochov, 1988 (apex of parameres long, thin and acute: Gorochov 1988, fig. 78), Brachyteleogryllus Gorochov, 1985 (parameres short and thick with wide apex thinner apically than basally: Gorochov 1988, fig. 81), Macroteleogryllus Gorochov, 1985 (parameres short and convex, the apex regularly thinner apically: Gorochov 1988, fig. 80), Teleogryllus Chopard, 1961 (parameres long, regularly narrowed toward apex: Gorochov 1988, fig. 79), the nominal subgenus, and Cryncoides Gorochov, 1988 ( Otte 1994) . Preliminary phylogenetic analyses using COI sequences recover the subgenera Brachyteleogryllus and Macroteleogryllus ( Lu et al. 2018). In the present study, species recorded from India are classified either within Macroteleogryllus ( T. mitratus ), Brachyteleogryllus ( T. occipitalis , T. rohinae Jaiswara & Jain , sp. nov.) or the nominal subgenus (other species) (M. Jain and R. Jaiswara, in prep.).