Trypoxylon basirufum, Muniz & Melo, 2021

Muniz, David Barros & Melo, Gabriel A. R., 2021, A new species of the wasp genus Trypoxylon from southern Brazil, with notes on the systematics of Pisoxylon (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) 61, pp. 1-7 : 2-7

Trypoxylon basirufum sp. nov.

( Figs. 1C, D , 2C, D , 3C, D )

Diagnosis: Trypoxylon basirufum sp. nov. resembles T. roosevelti in the laminar dilation of dorsal margin of metapleura; shorter and flatter medial lobe of clypeus with short rectangular apical protrusion; longer supraclypeal area; entire medial carina on lower part of frons; less flattened head; entirely black mesothorax and propodeum, and relatively small size. Trypoxylon basirufum sp. nov. differs from T. roosevelti in being slightly more robust and in having a larger body size; the apical flagellomere of the male antenna is longer than the summed length of three preceding flagellomeres (F11> F10 + F9 + F8); males without spine in the propleura; apical third of clypeus pale yellow; hind leg with uniform bright reddish brown; first tergum entirely bright reddish brown; pubescence mostly brassy, with some areas containing brown setae; dorsal field of propodeum not outlined, its sculpture resembling that in P. roosevelti but striation coarser.

Description: Female holotype: Body length, 7.9 mm. Head rounded in frontal view ( Fig. 3C ). Median clypeal lobe ( Fig. 3C ) flat, almost straight along lower margin,

with wide and short apical protrusion. Supraclypeal area longer than its maximum basal width; raised suprantennal field of lower part of frons roof-shaped, with an- terior obtuse transverse carina connected to borders of antennal pits; medial carina on this field entire, strongly shining posteriorly, protruding as far as one-third of the distance between its apex and medial ocellus. Frons moderately (mainly in the middle) convex, with hardly visible medial groove. Pronotal ridge short, flattened medially, convex laterally, and broadly-limbate posteriorly. Mesonotum with short admedial lines anteriorly and without noticeable traces of notauli. Mesoscutellum slightly convex; metanotum clearly convex; mesopleura moderately convex; metapleura flat, with hyaline laminar dilation dorsally. Fore coxae convex anteriorly. Hind wings bearing single basal hook and 2 groups of 5 + 3 hamuli each, separated by an interval twice the length of the proximal group of hamuli. Dorsal field of propodeum not outlined and slightly depressed medially, with medial groove dilated posteriorly; posterior part of propodeum with deep medial groove, except for apical portion. Tergum VI conical, with smoothed medial crest at apex.

Integument mostly smooth, microsculpture poorly developed, being distinct only on head. Frons shagreened, dull, with sparse shallow punctures (placed apart by approximately 2puncture diameters).Pronotum with fine transverse microstriae, shiny; mesonotum with hardly visible microstriae, shiny; mesoscutellum with microstriae and sparse shallow piligerous punctures (placed apart by more than 3 puncture diameters), shiny; metanotum with fine transverse striae and punctures at hair bases, somewhat dull; metasomal terga and sterna mostly shiny, with piligerous micropunctures; tergum VI with longitudinal microstriae.

Pubescence of body sparse, yellowish with golden reflections, not concealing integument, except on clypeus and part of frons with silver reflections. Setae erect on frons and apex of propodeum, semi-decumbent on gena, pronotum, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, metanotum, and basilateral surfaces of propodeum, and decumbent on mesopleura and metasomal segments I-V; segment VI with long sparse setae.

Integument mostly black. Lower half of clypeus (above apical rim) and base of mandibles pale yellow; apical rim of clypeus reddish yellow. Scape, pedicel ventrally, postero-ventral part of mesopleura (anteriorly to mid coxae), fore coxa, fore trochanter, fore femur, entire fore tibia, fore basitarsus varying from pale to reddish yellow; first flagellomere, tegula, apical parts of mid and hind coxae, ventral part of mid and hind trochanters, mid and hind femora, entire hind tibiae, entire hind tarsomeres, most of metasomal segment I, anterior onethird of tergum II and anterior half of sternum II bright reddish brown; basal parts of mid and hind coxae,ventral spots on sternum I, posterior portion of tergum II, sterna III-V and terga III-VI dark-brown; sternum VI mostly dark reddish brown.

Male: Body length, 7.7 mm. Head rounded in frontal view ( Fig. 3D ). Median clypeal lobe ( Fig. 3D ) flat, almost straight along lower margin, with narrow and subtle apical semicircular protrusion. Supraclypeal area longer than its maximum basal width; raised suprantennal field of lower part of frons roof-shaped, with anterior obtuse transverse carina connected to borders of antennal pits; medial carina on this field entire, strongly shining posteriorly, protruding as far as one-third of the distance between its apex and medial ocellus. Frons moderately (mainly in the middle) convex, with hardly visible medial groove. Transverse carina of propleura not forming a large spine in the medial region. Pronotal ridge short, flattened medially, convex laterally, and broadly-limbate posteriorly. Mesonotum with short admedial lines anteriorly and without noticeable traces of notauli. Mesoscutellum slightly convex; metanotum clearly convex; mesopleura moderately convex; metapleura flat, with hyaline laminar dilation dorsally. Fore coxae convex anteriorly. Hind wings bearing single basal hook and 2 groups of 5 or 4 + 3 hamuli each, separated by an interval twice the length of the proximal group of hamuli. Dorsal field of propodeum not outlined and slightly depressed medially, with medial groove dilated posteriorly; posteri- or part of propodeum with deep medial groove, except for apical portion. Tergum VII conical, without smoothed medial crest at apex.

Integument mostly smooth, microsculpture poorly developed, being distinct only on head. Frons shagreened, dull, with sparse shallow punctures (placed apart by approximately 2 puncture diameters).Pronotum with fine transverse microstriae, shiny; mesonotum with hardly visible microstriae, shiny; mesoscutellum with microstriae and sparse shallow piligerous punctures (placed apart by more than 3 puncture diameters), shiny; metanotum with fine transverse striae and punctures at hair bases, somewhat dull; metapleura and anterior half of lateral part of propodeum shiny, without punctures; metasomal terga and sterna mostly shiny, with piligerous micropunctures; tergum VII with longitudinal microstriae.

Pubescence of body sparse, yellowish with golden reflections, not concealing integument, except on clypeus and part of frons with silver reflections. Setae erect on frons and apex of propodeum, semi-decumbent on gena, pronotum, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, metanotum, and basilateral surfaces of propodeum, and decumbent on mesopleura and metasomal segments I-VI; segment VII ventrally with long sparse setae.

Integument mostly black. Lower third of clypeus (above apical rim) and base of mandibles pale yellow; apical rim of clypeus reddish yellow. Scape ventrally, pedicel ventrally, tegula, postero-ventral part of mesopleura (anteriorly to mid coxae), part of fore tibia, base of fore basitarsus varying from pale to reddish yellow; flag- ellomeres, coxae, trochanters, mid and hind femora, entire mid and hind tibiae, entire mid and hind tarsomeres, and metasomal segments dark brown.

Type material: Holotype: ♀ ( DZUP): BRAZIL: ‘Brasil, PR, Antonina,\ R N Guaricica, 115 m,\ 16-20. iv.2018,\ 25.3050°S 48.6609°W,\ Entomologia, Malaise’ ‘ HOLOTYPE \ Trypoxylon basirufum \ Muniz & Melo, 2020’. Paratypes (13♀, 3♂): BRAZIL: Paraná: ‘Brasil, Paraná, Antonina ,\ RNRC, -25.2836, -48.6646,\ 03.I.2017, C. Costa, ninho-armadilha: C21’ (6♀, DZUP) ; ‘ Brasil, Paraná, Antonina ,\ RNRC, -25.2836, -48.6646,\ 03.I.2017, C. Costa, ninho-armadilha: C22’ (5♀, DZUP) ; ‘ Brasil, PR, Antonina \ Res. Rio Cachoeira \ 25.315°S 48.696°W \ 50 m, 23-27.i.2017 \ Entomologia UFPR’ ‘ Armadilha \ malaise’ (1♂, DZUP) ; ‘ Brasil, Paraná, Antonina \ RN Guaricica, 09-10.iii.2018 \ 25.3167°S 48.6962°W \ Melo & Muniz, Malaise’ (1♂, DZUP) . São Paulo: ‘ Brasil, SP, Cananéia,\ Ilha do Cardoso,\ 25.0861°S 47.9633°W,\ 24.xi. 2015, P.S. Vilhena,\ trap-nest“ T.784”‘‘GARÓFALO\ ColeÇão do Prof. \ Dr. C.A. Garófalo \ USP Ribeirão Preto’ (2♀, 1♂, RPSP) .

Distribution records: BRAZIL: Paraná: Antonina; São Paulo: Cananéia.

Etymology: The species is named in reference to the reddish color of the basal metasomal segments in the female, from the Latin basis, base, foundation and rufus, red, reddish.

Trypoxylon roosevelti ( Antropov, 1998) comb. nov. ( Figs. 1A, B , 2A, B , 3A, B , 4 A-D)

Pisoxylon roosevelti Antropov, 1998: 907 . Holotype female, Bolivia: Santa Cruz, Río Mamore, 2 km north of mouth of Río Chapare (AMNH, examined through photographs).

Diagnosis: Trypoxylon roosevelti differs from T.basirufum sp. nov. in being more slender and slightly smaller; the apical flagellomere of the male antenna is shorter than the summed length of three preceding flagellomeres (F11> F10 + F9 + F8); males with transverse carina of propleura forming a large spine in the medial region; apical half of clypeus pale yellow (except on the male); hind leg with the areas near articulations pale yellow (apex of coxa, entire trochanter, apex of femur, base of tibiae and base of first tarsomere); first tergum mostly dark brown; pubescence with silver reflections.

Description: Male (previously undescribed). Body length, 7.5 mm. Head rounded in frontal view ( Fig. 3B ). Median clypeal lobe ( Fig. 3B ) flat, almost straight along lower margin, with narrow and short apical semicircular protrusion. Supraclypeal area longer than its maximum basal width; raised suprantennal field of lower part of frons roof-shaped, with anterior obtuse transverse carina connected to borders of antennal pits; medial carina on this field entire, strongly shining posteriorly, protruding as far as one-third of the distance between its apex and medial ocellus. Frons moderately (mainly in the middle) convex, with hardly visible medial groove. Transverse carina of propleura forming a large spine in the medial region. Pronotal ridge short, flattened medially, convex laterally, and broadly-limbate posteriorly. Mesonotum with short admedial lines anteriorly and without noticeable traces of notauli. Mesoscutellum slightly convex; metanotum clearly convex; mesopleura moderately convex; metapleura flat, with hyaline laminar dilation dorsally. Fore coxae convex anteriorly. Hind wings bearing single basal hook and 2 groups of 4 + 3 hamuli each, separat- ed by an interval twice the length of the proximal group of hamuli. Dorsal field of propodeum not outlined and slightly depressed medially, with medial groove dilat- ed posteriorly; posterior part of propodeum with deep medial groove, except for apical portion. Tergum VII with truncated apex, without smoothed medial crest at apex.

Integument mostly smooth, microsculpture poorly developed, being distinct only on head. Frons shagreened, dull, with sparse shallow punctures (placed apart by approximately 2puncture diameters).Pronotum with fine transverse microstriae, shiny; mesonotum with hardly visible microstriae, shiny; mesoscutellum with microstriae and sparse shallow piligerous punctures (placed apart by more than 3 puncture diameters),shiny; metanotum with fine transverse striae and punctures at hair bases, somewhat dull; metapleura and anterior half of lateral part of propodeum shiny, without punctures; metasomal terga and sterna mostly shiny, with piligerous micropunctures; tergum VII with longitudinal microstriae.

Pubescence of body sparse,with silver reflections,not concealing integument. Setae erect on frons and apex of propodeum, semi-decumbent on gena, pronotum, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, metanotum, and basilateral surfaces of propodeum, and decumbent on mesopleura and metasomal segments I-VI; segment VII ventrally with long sparse setae.

Integument mostly black. Lower third of clypeus (above apical rim) and base of mandibles pale yellow; apical rim of clypeus reddish yellow. Maxillary palp, labial palp, scape ventrally, pedicel ventrally, tegula, postero-ventral part of mesopleura (anteriorly to mid coxae), apex of fore coxa, fore trochanter ventrally, fore femur ventrally, fore tibia ventrally, entire fore basitarsus, basal parts of mid and hind tibiae, basal parts of mid and hind basitarsus and tarsus varying from whitish to pale yellow; propleura, fore, mid and hind coxa, mid and hind trochanters, mid and hind femora, most of the hind tibiae, basal parts of hind basitarsus, and all metasomal segments dark-brown.

Remarks: Antropov (1998) proposed this species based on a single female from Santa Cruz, in Bolivia. Here we record it for the first time in Brazil, with additional speci- mens from central and western Amazon basin.The previously undescribed male resembles the male of T. basirufum sp. nov. in general appearance, differing primarily in body size and details of color and shape (see Diagnosis and Description above).

Distribution records: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Río Mamore 2 km north of mouth Río Chapare; BRASIL: Acre: Rio Branco; Amazonas: Manaus; Rondônia: Vilhena.

Type material: Holotype female,with the labels‘BOLIVIA: Dept.\ Santa Cruz. Rio \ Mamore, 2 km N.\ mouth of Rio Chap-\ are, VII-31-1965 ’ ‘ J.K.Bouseman \ Collector’ ‘ Pisoxylon roosevelti \ Antropov, sp. n .\ HOLOTYPE ♀ ’. Missing F3-F 10 in the left antenna and F4-F 10 in the right antenna.

Additional examined material: BRAZIL: Acre: ‘ Brasil, Acre, Rio Branco ,\ Parque Zoobotânico ,\ 09°15′S, 67°00′W, 07-23.vii\ 1998, Elder F. Morato,\ Armadilha Malaise’ (1♀, DZUP) ; ‘ Brasil, Acre, Rio Branco ,\ Parque Zoobotânico ,\ 09°15′S, 67°00′W, 02-09.ix.\ 1998, Silva, Selhorst &\ Reis, Armadilha Malaise’ (1♂, DZUP) ; Amazonas: ‘ Brasil, Amazonas,\ Manaus , Res. Ducke ,\ 02°56′S, 59°58′W,\ 29.vii. 1999, G.Melo,\ coletando barro’ (2♀, DZUP) ; Rondônia: ‘ Vilhena, RO \ 27/12/1986 \ C.Elias, leg.\ POLONOROESTE’ (1♀, DZUP) .

Figures

Figure 1. Habitus,lateral view. (A) Trypoxylon roosevelti (Antropov,1998), female from Manaus,Amazonas,Brazil. (B) Trypoxylon roosevelti, male from Rio Branco, Acre,Brazil.(C) Trypoxylon basirufum sp.nov., female holotype.(D) Trypoxylon basirufum sp. nov.,male paratype from Antonina,Paraná,Brazil.Scale = 1 mm.

Figure 2. Habitus,dorsal view.(A) Trypoxylon roosevelti (Antropov,1998), female from Manaus, Amazonas,Brazil.(B) Trypoxylon roosevelti, male from Rio Branco, Acre,Brazil.(C) Trypoxylon basirufum sp.nov., female holotype.(D) Trypoxylon basirufum sp. nov.,male paratype from Antonina,Paraná,Brazil.Scale = 1 mm.

Figure 3. Head, frontal view. (A) Trypoxylon roosevelti (Antropov, 1998), female from Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. (B) Trypoxylon roosevelti, male from Rio Branco, Acre,Brazil.(C)Trypoxylon basirufum sp. nov.,female holotype.(D) Trypoxylon basirufum sp.nov., male paratype from Antonina,Paraná,Brazil.Scale = 1 mm.

Figure 4. Holotype female of Pisoxylon roosevelti Antropov,1998.(A) Head,frontal view.(B) Habitus,dorsal view.(C) Specimen labels.(D) Habitus,lateral view.