Ctenodontina carrerai ( Hull, 1958 ), 2021

Sánchez, Pável & Camargo, Alexssandro, 2021, Description of the female of Ctenodontina mochica Lamas, revalidation of Ctenodontina carrerai (Hull) stat. rev., and comments on the taxonomy and distribution of Peruvian species of Ctenodontina Enderlein (Diptera: Asilidae: Asilinae), Zootaxa 5027 (2), pp. 269-281 : 273-275

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5027.2.7
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:13497006-8594-43E9-A012-A773AAAC765E
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A187A3-403A-2E4D-FF09-FA2B55BBFAEB
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Ctenodontina carrerai ( Hull, 1958 )
status	stat. nov.

Treatment

Ctenodontina carrerai ( Hull, 1958) View in CoL stat. rev.

( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 )

Catostola carrerai Hull, 1958: 323 View in CoL (orig. des.). Type-locality: Peru, Junín, Chanchamayo Valley. Holotype in Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP); Hull, 1962: 482; currently lost.

Ctenodontina carrerai View in CoL ; Martin & Papavero, 1970: 70; Artigas & Papavero, 1995: 36.

Ctenodontina maya View in CoL ; Lamas, 1973: 276 (syn.); Papavero, 2009: 30; Vieira, 2012: 2; Vieira et al. 2017: 280.

Material examined. PERU: MD, [Madre de Dios] Tambopata, Reserva Ecológica Taricaya 22–26.ii. 2016, 186 m, 12°31’8.36”S, 68°58’47.06”W J. Peralta & P. Sánchez (4♂, 7♀ GoogleMaps MUSM)

Addenda to the original description of the holotype based on specimens from Tambopata and dissected male terminalia.

Male terminalia. ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ) Black; epandrium with long macrosetae ventrally and narrowed posteriorly, with a short projection markedly pointed downwards ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ); hypandrium narrow, with long setae laterally, medioapical region with concavity; subepandrial sclerite with two lobes laterally covered by tuft of small setae, apex rounded; sternite 8 with mid-posterior projection sub-trapezoidal, expanded posteriorly ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ); gonocoxite curved upwards, with apex pointed, almost sickle-shaped, apical fourth surrounded by minute spines ( Figs. 4G,H View FIGURE 4 ); gonostylus curved, with apex pointed, external region with a median keel and inner region with spines ( Figs. 4G,H View FIGURE 4 ); phallus with two prongs, ejaculatory apodeme wide in lateral view ( Fig. 4F View FIGURE 4 ).

Comments. Lamas (1973) synonymized C. carrerai with C. maya . He analyzed the holotypes of both species and concluded they were conspecific, although he observed subtle differences in the shape of the femoral swelling (shallower and almost inconspicuous in C. carrerai ) and on the distal process of the epandrium (more pointed in C. carrerai ), but regarded these differences as individual variation. Ctenodontina maya and C. mochica have more morphological differences in their external morphology, while C. maya and C. carrerai are much more similar. This may have led Lamas (1973) to recognize both as conspecific.

After examination of the holotype of C. maya and the original description and drawings of C. carrerai , we concluded that the synonymy proposed by Lamas (1973) is unwarranted and thus we revalidate the status of Ctenodontina carrerai stat. rev.

The following differences corroborate the revalidation: In Ctenodontina carrerai the dorsal epandrial margin does not have an indentation at mid-length ( Fig. 4B,D View FIGURE 4 ) as in C. maya ( Fig. 5D,E View FIGURE 5 ); the apex of the epandrium has a short projection pointed downwards ( Fig. 4B,D View FIGURE 4 ) while in C. maya the epandrial apex is rounded and pointed posteriorly ( Fig 5D,E View FIGURE 5 ); the apex of the gonocoxite is almost sickle-shape apically ( Fig. 4G,H View FIGURE 4 ), while in C. maya it is more enlarged, spatulate and rounded ( Fig. 5G,H View FIGURE 5 ); the sternite 8 mid-posterior projection is sub-trapezoidal (expanded posteriorly) ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ) while it is rounded in C. maya ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ); the posterior margin of sternite 8 has a more or less cordiform shape in C. carrerai ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ) while it is tapered and slightly rounded at the posterior corners in C. maya ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ). Lastly, the swelling on the male hind femur ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ) is smaller and less conspicuous than in C. maya ( Fig. 5A–C View FIGURE 5 ). These differences corroborate the revalidation of C. carrerai and remove it from synonymy with C. maya .

Ctenodontina carrerai is morphologically more similar to Ctenodontina sagta Vieira, Ayala-Landa & Rafael ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 ) than to C. maya ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ). Both C. carrerai and C. sagta have smaller and almost inconspicuous swellings on the male hind femora ( Figs. 4C View FIGURE 4 , 7A,C,D View FIGURE 7 ). However, there are differences in the male terminalia. In C. sagta the epandrium has a conspicuous dorsal apical projection that is only slightly curved downwards, the dorsal epandrial margin has a rounded concavity on its mid-length and the anterior part of the epandrium is wider ( Fig. 7B,E View FIGURE 7 ) than in C. carrerai ( Fig. 4B,D View FIGURE 4 ); the apex of the gonocoxite is more pointed in C. sagta ( Fig. 7G,H View FIGURE 7 ) than C. carrerai ( Fig. 4G,H View FIGURE 4 ).

Distribution ( Figure 8 View FIGURE 8 ). Peru, departments of Junín and Madre de Dios. Ctenodontina carrerai is a common species at Tambopata, sympatric with C. nairae ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 ), the latter recorded as Ctenodontina sp. 1 by Fisher (1985) in his work on asilids from Tambopata Reserve, where he also recorded C. maya . However, material determined as C. maya by Fisher was not found at MUSM, nor were additional specimens of C. maya from this locality. Thus, it is possible that Fisher’s identification of C. maya may correspond to specimens of C. carrerai based on the synonymy proposed by Lamas. In Peru, C. carrerai seems to be restricted to lower elevations than C. maya , as at Tambopata (~ 400 m), although the type specimen was collected at an altitude of approximately 600 m in the Chanchamayo Valley in Junín.

Unfortunately, the type specimen of C. carrerai is considered lost. In two recent visits (2015 and 2017) to the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo ( MZUSP), the type could not be found .